WIN10下使用MinGW编译安装运行OpenCV

前言

网上WINDOWS系统大多是用CMake+VS安装的OpenCV，但是VS写C/C++太麻烦，而且移植性差，于是笔者决定用MinGW64。相关该博文同时介绍了编译安装存在的问题，笔者将从简介绍步骤

软件环境

windows10-64bit
MinGW64-gcc8.1.0
CMake 3.15.1
OpenCV 4.1.1

安装步骤

1. 安装CMake+MinGW64

参考，注意添加系统环境变量

2. 下载OpenCV

上下载最新发行版的source文件，下载解压会得到一个"opencv-4.1.1"，笔者将其改名为"sources"，并移动到"D:SoftwareProOpenCV_MinGW"文件夹下，并同时新建"build"文件夹。

3. 编译OpenCV

打开 CMake-gui，sources和build文件夹配置如下，然后configure

configure一次之后会变成红色，然后勾选WITH_OPENGL和ENABLE_CXX11(OpenCV4之后应该没这个选项)，不勾选WITH_IPP、ENABLE_PRECOMPILED_HEADERS和WITH_OPENCL_D3D11_NV，最后configure再generate生成Makefile文件。注意后面安装的头文件和lib文件都会在下图红色线的路径。

4. 安装OpenCV

打开VS Code终端，cd 到D:SoftwareProOpenCV_MinGWuild，然后输入"mingw32-make -j 8"回车设置8线程加快安装速度，然后输入"mingw32-make install"回车安装。安装完毕就可以看到"D:SoftwareProOpenCV_MinGWuildinstall"下如下图

然后新建Path环境变量”D:SoftwareProOpenCV_MinGWuildinstallx64mingwin“。

5. 运行OpenCV实例

笔者在"C:UsersJJ_OMENDesktopProjects est"，新建了main.cpp, CMakeLists和build文件夹，并加了名称为"1.jpg"的图片，

main.cpp

#include <opencv.hpp>

#include <iostream>  
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
 
int main()
{
	cout << "OpenCV Version: " << CV_VERSION << endl;
	Mat img = imread("../1.jpg");
	imshow("1440", img);
	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}

CMakeLists.txt

#设置cmake最低版本
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.2)

#设置项目名称
PROJECT(hello)

#寻找OpenCV库
FIND_PACKAGE(OpenCV REQUIRED)
#打印调试信息
#message(STATUS "version: ${OpenCV_VERSION}")
#cmakemessage(STATUS "OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS = ${OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS}")
#message(STATUS "OpenCV_LIBS = ${OpenCV_LIBS}")
#message(STATUS "PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR=${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}")

#包含项目头文件和OpenCV相关头文件路径
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(
    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}
    #${OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS}
    #以下路径自行更改
    "D:/Software/Pro/OpenCV_MinGW/build/install/include/opencv2"

)

#设置源文件信息
set(SRC
    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/main.cpp
)

#编译可执行程序
ADD_EXECUTABLE(hello ${SRC})

#添加动态链接库
TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(hello ${OpenCV_LIBS})

然后在VS Code中CRTL+SHIFT+P输入"c/c++..."找到红色下划线那个

配置如下

{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Win32",
            "includePath": [
                "${workspaceFolder}/**",
                "D:/Software/Pro/OpenCV_MinGW/build/install/include/opencv2/**",
                "D:/Software/Pro/OpenCV_MinGW/build/install/include"
            ],
            "defines": [
                "_DEBUG",
                "UNICODE",
                "_UNICODE"
            ],
            "compilerPath": "C:\mingw64\bin\gcc.exe",
            "cStandard": "c11",
            "cppStandard": "c++17",
            "intelliSenseMode": "gcc-x64"
        },
        {
            "name": "Linux",
            "includePath": [
                "${workspaceFolder}/**"
            ],
            "defines": [
                "_DEBUG",
                "UNICODE",
                "_UNICODE"
            ],
            "compilerPath": "C:\mingw64\bin\gcc.exe",
            "cStandard": "c11",
            "cppStandard": "c++17",
            "intelliSenseMode": "gcc-x64"
        }
    ],
    "version": 4
}

重点改的地方如下

也可以进入C/C++ edit configuration (UI)更改，这个自行百度

以上配置好了之后，在终端cd到"C:UsersJJ_OMENDesktopProjects estuild"，然后" cmake -G "MinGW Makefiles" ../ "或者"cmake . "生成makefile，然后输入"min" TAB补全"mingw32-make”，然后输入"hello"TAB补全，就可以看到输出结果了。