*Search in Rotated Sorted Array II

题目

Follow up for "Search in Rotated Sorted Array":
What if duplicates are allowed?

Would this affect the run-time complexity? How and why?

Write a function to determine if a given target is in the array.

解题思路:

This problem is similar to “Search in Rotated Sorted Array”. But there could be duplicates.

In problem “Search in Rotated Sorted Array”, we compare A[left] with A[mid] to determine which part does not contains the rotate pivot. But in this problem, A[left] could be equal to A[mid]. To solve this problem, we can let just add 1 to left when we face A[left] == A[mid] and continue the algorithm.

 1 public class Solution {
 2     public boolean search(int[] A, int target) {
 3         int start = 0;
 4         int end = A.length - 1;
 5         while (start <= end) {
 6             int mid = (start + end) / 2;
 7             if (A[mid] == target)
 8                 return true;
 9             if (A[start] < A[mid]) {
10                 if (target >= A[start] && target < A[mid])
11                     end = mid - 1;
12                 else
13                     start = mid + 1;
14             } else if (A[start] > A[mid]) {
15                 if (target > A[mid] && target <= A[end])  //注意边界条件
16                     start = mid + 1;
17                 else
18                     end = mid - 1;
19             } else
20                 start++;
21         }
22         return false;
23     }
24 }

Complexity

The worst case complexity will become O(n)

Search in Rotated Sorted Array唯一的区别是这道题目中元素会有重复的情况出现。不过正是因为这个条件的出现,出现了比较复杂的case,甚至影响到了算法的时间复杂度。原来我们是依靠中间和边缘元素的大小关系,来判断哪一半是不受rotate影响,仍然有序的。而现在因为重复的出现,如果我们遇到中间和边缘相等的情况,我们就丢失了哪边有序的信息,因为哪边都有可能是有序的结果。假设原数组是{1,2,3,3,3,3,3},那么旋转之后有可能是{3,3,3,3,3,1,2},或者{3,1,2,3,3,3,3},这样的我们判断左边缘和中心的时候都是3,如果我们要寻找1或者2,我们并不知道应该跳向哪一半。解决的办法只能是对边缘移动一步,直到边缘和中间不在相等或者相遇,这就导致了会有不能切去一半的可能。所以最坏情况(比如全部都是一个元素,或者只有一个元素不同于其他元素,而他就在最后一个)就会出现每次移动一步,总共是n步,算法的时间复杂度变成O(n)。

九章算法的模板解法:

 1 public class Solution {
 2     public boolean search(int[] nums, int target) 
 3     {
 4         if (nums==null||nums.length==0)
 5         return false;
 6         
 7         int start=0;
 8         int end=nums.length-1;
 9         
10         while(start+1<end)
11         {
12             int mid = (start+end)/2;
13             if(nums[start]>nums[mid])  //左边无序,右边有序
14             {
15                 if(target>nums[mid]&&target<=nums[end])start=mid;
16                 else end=mid;
17                 
18                 
19             }
20             else if (nums[start]<nums[mid]) //左边有序,右边无序
21             {
22                 if(target>=nums[start]&&target<nums[mid])end=mid;
23                 else start=mid;
24             }
25             else //nums[start]==nums[mid]
26             {
27                 start++;
28             }
29             
30         }
31         
32         if(nums[start]==target)return true;
33         if(nums[end]==target)return true;
34         return false;
35         
36     }
37 }

reference: 

http://www.lifeincode.net/programming/leetcode-search-in-rotated-sorted-array-ii-java/

http://www.cnblogs.com/springfor/p/3859525.html

http://blog.csdn.net/linhuanmars/article/details/20588511

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/hygeia/p/4636243.html