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这篇文章主要给大家介绍java利用原始httpUrlConnection发送post数据，设计到httpUrlConnection类的相关知识，感兴趣的朋友跟着小编一起学习吧

URLConnection是个抽象类，它有两个直接子类分别是HttpURLConnection和JarURLConnection。另外一个重要的类是URL，通常URL可以通过传给构造器一个String类型的参数来生成一个指向特定地址的URL实例。

每个 HttpURLConnection 实例都可用于生成单个请求，但是其他实例可以透明地共享连接到 HTTP 服务器的基础网络。请求后在 HttpURLConnection 的 InputStream 或 OutputStream 上调用 close() 方法可以释放与此实例关联的网络资源，但对共享的持久连接没有任何影响。如果在调用 disconnect() 时持久连接空闲，则可能关闭基础套接字。

package com.newflypig.demo;

/**

 * 使用jdk自带的HttpURLConnection向URL发送POST请求并输出响应结果

 * 参数使用流传递，并且硬编码为字符串"name=XXX"的格式

 */

import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.DataOutputStream;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import java.net.HttpURLConnection;

import java.net.URL;

import java.net.URLEncoder;

public class SendPostDemo {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{

    String urlPath = new String("http://localhost:8080/Test1/HelloWorld");

    //String urlPath = new String("http://localhost:8080/Test1/HelloWorld?name=丁丁".getBytes("UTF-8"));

    String param="name="+URLEncoder.encode("丁丁","UTF-8");

    //建立连接

    URL url=new URL(urlPath);

    HttpURLConnection httpConn=(HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();

    //设置参数

    httpConn.setDoOutput(true);   //需要输出

    httpConn.setDoInput(true);   //需要输入

    httpConn.setUseCaches(false);  //不允许缓存

    httpConn.setRequestMethod("POST");   //设置POST方式连接

    //设置请求属性

    httpConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

    httpConn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");// 维持长连接

    httpConn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");

    //连接,也可以不用明文connect，使用下面的httpConn.getOutputStream()会自动connect

    httpConn.connect();

    //建立输入流，向指向的URL传入参数

    DataOutputStream dos=new DataOutputStream(httpConn.getOutputStream());

    dos.writeBytes(param);

    dos.flush();

    dos.close();

    //获得响应状态

    int resultCode=httpConn.getResponseCode();

    if(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK==resultCode){

      StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer();

      String readLine=new String();

      BufferedReader responseReader=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(httpConn.getInputStream(),"UTF-8"));

      while((readLine=responseReader.readLine())!=null){

        sb.append(readLine).append(" ");

      }

      responseReader.close();

      System.out.println(sb.toString());

    }

  }

}

JAVA使用HttpURLConnection发送POST数据是依靠OutputStream流的形式发送

具体编码过程中，参数是以字符串“name=XXX”这种形式发送

http请求

//说明：此处需引用httpclient、httpcore、commons-logging三个jar包

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.*;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.*;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.DESKeySpec;
import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
import javax.crypto.SecretKeyFactory;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;

public static void main(String[] args) {
String url="http://xxx.com/api/MsgSend.asmx/SendMes";

List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("userCode", "用户名"));
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("userPass", "密码"));
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("DesNo", "手机号"));
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("Msg", "短信内容【签名】"));
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("Channel", "通道号"));
String post=httpPost(url,nvps); //post请求

String getparam="userCode=用户名&userPass=密码&DesNo=手机号&Msg=短信内容【签名】&Channel=通道号";
String result=httpGet(url,getparam); //get请求
}

public static String httpPost(String url,List<NameValuePair> params) {
String result = "";
try {
HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, "UTF-8"));
HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if (entity != null) {
InputStream instreams = entity.getContent();
result = convertStreamToString(instreams);
System.out.println(result);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
}
return result;
}

public static String httpGet(String url,String params){
String result="";
try{
HttpClient client=new DefaultHttpClient();
if(params!=""){
url=url+"?"+params;
}
HttpGet httpget=new HttpGet(url);
HttpResponse response=client.execute(httpget);
HttpEntity entity=response.getEntity();
if (entity != null) {
InputStream instreams = entity.getContent();
result = convertStreamToString(instreams);
System.out.println(result);
}
}catch(Exception e){}
return result;
}

public static String convertStreamToString(InputStream is) {
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

String line = null;
try {
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(line + " ");
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return sb.toString();
}

webservice请求

public static void main(String[] args) {
org.tempuri.MsgSend service = new org.tempuri.MsgSend();
org.tempuri.MsgSendSoap port = service.getMsgSendSoap();
String result= port.sendMes("用户名","密码","手机号","短信内容【签名】","通道号");
System.out.println(result);
}