python排序算法总结和实现

------------------希尔排序-------------
一直没搞懂希尔排序怎么搞得

def Shell_sort(L):
    step = len(L)/2
    while step > 0:
        for i in range(step,len(L)):            #在索引为step到len(L)上,比较L[i]和L[i-step]的大小
            while(i >= step and L[i] < L[i-step]):      #这里可以调整step从小到大或者从大到小排列
                L[i],L[i-step] = L[i-step],L[i]
                i -= step
        step /= 2
    print L
Shell_sort(L)

------------------插入排序-------------
一个有序数列,一个无序数列,遍历无序数列,把数据插入到有序数列的相应位置

def insertion_sort(A):
    length=len(A)
    for i in range(1,length):
        key=A[i]
        j=i-1
        while j>0 and A[j]>key:
            A[j+1]=A[j]
            j=j-1
        A[j+1]=key
    return A 

------------------冒泡排序-------------
比较相邻的两个元素,保证每次遍历到最后的元素是最大的

def bubble_sort(A):
    length=len(A)
    for i in range(length-1):
        for j in range(length-i-1):
            if A[j]>A[j+1]:
                A[j],A[j+1]=A[j+1],A[j]
    return A

------------------选择排序-------------
从未排序的数列中找到最小的元素放在起始位置

def selection_sort(A):
    length=len(A)
    for i in range(length):
        min_=i
        for j in range(i+1,length):
            if A[j]<A[min_]:
                min_=j
        A[i],A[min_]=A[min_],A[i]
    return A

------------------快速排序-------------
一个元素作为基准,比基准数大的放右边,小的放左边,再对左右区间递归

def quik_sort(A):
    def qsort(A,left,right):
        if left>right:
            return A
        l=left
        r=right
        key=A[l]
        while l<r:
            while A[r]>=key and l<r:
                r-=1
            while A[l]<=key and l<r:
                l+=1
            A[l],A[r]=A[r],A[l]
        A[left],A[l]=A[l],A[left]
        qsort(A,left,l-1)
        qsort(A,r+1,right)
        return A
    return qsort(A,0,len(A)-1)

------------------归并排序-------------
递归分解数组,再合并

def MergeSort(lists):
    if len(lists) <= 1:
        return lists
    num = int( len(lists) / 2 )
    left = MergeSort(lists[:num])
    right = MergeSort(lists[num:])
    return Merge(left, right)
def Merge(left,right):
    r, l=0, 0
    result=[]
    while l<len(left) and r<len(right):
        if left[l] < right[r]:
            result.append(left[l])
            l += 1
        else:
            result.append(right[r])
            r += 1
    result += left[l:]
    result += right[r:]
    return result

------------------堆排序-------------
将无序列表看成二叉树,每次调整二叉树成为最大堆,即根节点是最大的元素,然后把根节点和最后一个元素互换,递归调整剩余元素

#建堆
def build_max_heap(A):
    lastnode=math.floor((len(A))/2-1)
    for i in range(lastnode,-1,-1):
        max_heapify(A,i)
    return A

#维护最大堆
def max_heapify(A,i):
    length=len(A)
    max_index=i
    if (2*i+1)<length:
        left=2*i+1
        if A[left]>A[i]:
            max_index=left
    if (2*i+2)<length:
        right=2*i+2
        if A[right]>A[max_index]:
            max_index=right
    if max_index!=i:
        A[max_index],A[i]=A[i],A[max_index]
        max_heapify(A,max_index)
    return A

#堆排序
def heapsort(A):
    length=len(A)
    A=build_max_heap(A)    
    for i in range(length-1,-1,-1):
        A[0],A[i]=A[i],A[0]
        A[:i]=max_heapify(A[:i],0)
    return A

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/huluwahaha/p/8565303.html