反向代理
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:80;
负载均衡
1、轮询（默认）
每个请求按时间顺序逐一分配到不同的后端服务器，如果后端服务器down掉，能自动剔除。
upstream?bakend?{
server?192.168.0.14;
server?192.168.0.15;
}
2、weight
指定轮询几率，weight和访问比率成正比，用于后端服务器性能不均的情况。
例如：
upstream?bakend?{
server?192.168.0.14?weight=10;
server?192.168.0.15?weight=1;
}
故障跳转
error_page 404 /404.html;
location = /40x.html {
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
}
proxy_next_upstream error timeout http_404 http_502 http_503 http_504;
数据压缩
gzip on;
gzip_proxied any;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml application/json;
gzip_comp_level 3;
gzip_buffers 4 8k;
地址重写
rewrite ^(.*)$?https://$host$1 permanent;
例
location ^~/lds/bjsv2/json/v1 {
rewrite ^/bjsv2/json/v1/external/BusinessLogService/pushBusinessLog/gzip /web-outer/json/v1/external/BusinessLogService/pushBusinessLog/gzip break;
rewrite ^/bjsv2/json/v1/external/InvestmentService/pushInvestment/gzip /web-outer/json/v1/external/InvestmentService/pushInvestment/gzip break;
rewrite ^/bjsv2/json/v1/external/ProductService/publishProduct/gzip /web-outer/json/v1/external/ProductService/publishProduct/gzip break;
rewrite ^/bjsv2/json/v1/external/AccountService/pushAccount/gzip /web-outer/json/v1/external/AccountService/pushAccount/gzip break;
rewrite ^/bjsv2/json/v1/external/TokenService/refreshToken/gzip /webouter/json/v1/external/TokenService/refreshToken/gzip break;
rewrite ^/bjsv2/json/v1/external/InvestmentService/pushInvestmentRewardExtra/gzip /web-outer/json/v1/external/InvestmentService/pushInvestmentRewardExtra/gzip break;
rewrite ^/bjsv2/json/v1/external/TokenService/getAccessToken/gzip /web-outer/json/v1/external/TokenService/getAccessToken/gzip break;
rewrite ^/bjsv2/json/v1/external/SupplementService/pushUserInvitationCode/gzip /web-outer/json/v1/external/SupplementService/pushUserInvitationCode/gzip break;
gzip on;
gzip_proxied any;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml application/json;
gzip_comp_level 3;
gzip_buffers 4 8k;
proxy_set_header Host $proxy_host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://out;
}
ip_hash
每个请求按访问ip的hash结果分配，这样每个访客固定访问一个后端服务器，可以解决session的问题。
例如：
upstream?bakend?{
ip_hash;
server?192.168.0.14:88;
server?192.168.0.15:80;
}
fair
按后端服务器的响应时间来分配请求，响应时间短的优先分配。
upstream?backend?{
server?server1;
server?server2;
fair;
}
基于语言
http {
upstream rsphp {
server 192.168.3.3:8080;
}
upstream rsjsp {
server 192.168.3.20;
}
location ~* .php$ {
proxy_pass http://rsphp;
}
location ~* .jsp$ {
proxy_pass http://rsjsp;
}
基于浏览器
location / {
if ( $http_user_agent ~* chrome) {
proxy_pass http://rsphp;
}
if ( $http_user_agent ~* firefox) {
proxy_pass http://rsjsp
}
基于源地址的分发
安装geoip模块
vim nginx.conf
http {
upstream bj.server {
server 192.168.3.3;
}
upstream sh.server {
server 192.168.3.20;
}
upstream default.server {
server 192.168.3.4;
}
geo $geo {
default default;
192.168.3.100/32 bj;
192.168.3.110/32 sh;
}
server {
location / {
proxy_pass http://$geo.server$request_uri;
?
}