随机验证码

Python生成随机验证码,需要使用PIL模块.python3则是pillow

安装:

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pip3 install pillow

基本使用

1. 创建图片

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from PIL import Image
img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 30), color=(255, 255, 255))
  
# 在图片查看器中打开
# img.show()
  
# 保存在本地
with open('code.png','wb') as f:
    img.save(f,format='png')

2. 创建画笔,用于在图片上画任意内容

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img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 30), color=(255, 255, 255))
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode='RGB')

3. 画点

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img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 30), color=(255, 255, 255))
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode='RGB')
# 第一个参数:表示坐标
# 第二个参数:表示颜色
draw.point([100, 100], fill="red")
draw.point([300, 300], fill=(255, 255, 255))

4. 画线

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img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 30), color=(255, 255, 255))
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode='RGB')
# 第一个参数:表示起始坐标和结束坐标
# 第二个参数:表示颜色
draw.line((100,100,100,300), fill='red')
draw.line((100,100,300,100), fill=(255, 255, 255))

5. 画圆

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img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 30), color=(255, 255, 255))
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode='RGB')
# 第一个参数:表示起始坐标和结束坐标(圆要画在其中间)
# 第二个参数:表示开始角度
# 第三个参数:表示结束角度
# 第四个参数:表示颜色
draw.arc((100,100,300,300),0,90,fill="red")

6. 写文本

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img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 30), color=(255, 255, 255))
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode='RGB')
# 第一个参数:表示起始坐标
# 第二个参数:表示写入内容
# 第三个参数:表示颜色
draw.text([0,0],'python',"red")

7. 特殊字体文字

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img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 30), color=(255, 255, 255))
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode='RGB')
# 第一个参数:表示字体文件路径
# 第二个参数:表示字体大小
font = ImageFont.truetype("kumo.ttf", 28)
# 第一个参数:表示起始坐标
# 第二个参数:表示写入内容
# 第三个参数:表示颜色
# 第四个参数:表示颜色
draw.text([0, 0], 'python', "red", font=font)

图片验证码

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import random
  
def check_code(width=120, height=30, char_length=5, font_file='kumo.ttf', font_size=28):
    code = []
    img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(width, height), color=(255, 255, 255))
    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode='RGB')
  
    def rndChar():
        """
        生成随机字母  
        :return:
        """
        return chr(random.randint(65, 90))
  
    def rndColor():
        """
        生成随机颜色
        :return:
        """
        return (random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(10, 255), random.randint(64, 255))
  
    # 写文字
    font = ImageFont.truetype(font_file, font_size)
    for i in range(char_length):
        char = rndChar()
        code.append(char)
        h = random.randint(0, 4)
        draw.text([i * width / char_length, h], char, font=font, fill=rndColor())
  
    # 写干扰点
    for i in range(40):
        draw.point([random.randint(0, width), random.randint(0, height)], fill=rndColor())
  
    # 写干扰圆圈
    for i in range(40):
        draw.point([random.randint(0, width), random.randint(0, height)], fill=rndColor())
        x = random.randint(0, width)
        y = random.randint(0, height)
        draw.arc((x, y, x + 4, y + 4), 0, 90, fill=rndColor())
  
    # 画干扰线
    for i in range(5):
        x1 = random.randint(0, width)
        y1 = random.randint(0, height)
        x2 = random.randint(0, width)
        y2 = random.randint(0, height)
  
        draw.line((x1, y1, x2, y2), fill=rndColor())
  
    img = img.filter(ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE)
    return img,''.join(code)
  
  
if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 1. 直接打开
    # img,code = check_code()
    # img.show()
  
    # 2. 写入文件
    # img,code = check_code()
    # with open('code.png','wb') as f:
    #     img.save(f,format='png')
  
    # 3. 写入内存(Python3)
    # from io import BytesIO
    # stream = BytesIO()
    # img.save(stream, 'png')
    # stream.getvalue()
  
    # 4. 写入内存(Python2)
    # import StringIO
    # stream = StringIO.StringIO()
    # img.save(stream, 'png')
    # stream.getvalue()
  
    pass

  

  

 

def validcode(request):
    import random
    from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont
    from io import BytesIO

    img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 40),
                    color=(random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255)))
    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, 'RGB')
    font = ImageFont.truetype('app01/static/font/kumo.ttf', 25)
    valid_list = []
    for i in range(5):
        random_num = str(random.randint(0, 9))
        random_upper_alp = chr(random.randint(65, 90))
        random_lower_alp = chr(random.randint(97, 122))
        valid_ele = random.choice([random_num, random_upper_alp, random_lower_alp])
        valid_list.append(valid_ele)
        draw.text([5 + i * 24, 10], valid_ele, (random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255)),
                  font=font)

        # 写干扰点
    for i in range(40):
        draw.point([random.randint(0, 120), random.randint(0, 40)],
                   fill=(random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(10, 255), random.randint(64, 255)))

        # 写干扰圆圈
    for i in range(40):
        draw.point([random.randint(0, 120), random.randint(0, 40)],
                   fill=(random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(10, 255), random.randint(64, 255)))
        x = random.randint(0, 120)
        y = random.randint(0, 40)
        draw.arc((x, y, x + 4, y + 4), 0, 90,
                 fill=(random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(10, 255), random.randint(64, 255)))

        # 画干扰线
    for i in range(5):
        x1 = random.randint(0, 120)
        y1 = random.randint(0, 40)
        x2 = random.randint(0, 120)
        y2 = random.randint(0, 40)

        draw.line((x1, y1, x2, y2), fill=(random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(10, 255), random.randint(64, 255)))

    f = BytesIO()
    img.save(f, 'png')
    data = f.getvalue()
    valid_str = ''.join(valid_list)     #将验证码拼接成字符串
    print(valid_str)
    request.session["keepValidCode"] = valid_str   #将验证码保存在session中,方便在登陆时验证


    return HttpResponse(data)
def validcode(request):
from app01 import models
from django.contrib.auth import authenticate, login, logout
def log_in(request):
    '''登陆'''
    if request.method == 'GET':
        form = LoginForm()
        return render(request, 'login.html', {'form': form})
    else:
        data = request.POST
        form = LoginForm(data=data)
        validcode = request.POST.get('validcode')

        if not form.is_valid():
            return HttpResponse(json.dumps(dict(form.errors)))
        if validcode.upper() != request.session["keepValidCode"].upper():
            return HttpResponse(json.dumps('codeError'))

        user = authenticate(**form.cleaned_data)
        # user=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(**form.cleaned_data)
        if not user:

            return HttpResponse(json.dumps({'flag': False, 'msg': "用户名或者密码错误"}))

        else:
            login(request, user)  #设置session 
        return HttpResponse(json.dumps({'flag': True}))
def log_in(request):

 

  

  

img中src实现局部刷新验证码的功能

html部分:

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<p><label class="lbright">验证码:</label>
<span>
<input type="text" name="validcode" style="70px; vertical-align:middle;" id="validcode"/>
<img id="codePic" src="http://127.0.0.1:8888/TP/codePic" width="60" height="21" style="vertical-align:middle;cursor:pointer;"/>
</span>
<a class="blurry" id="newPic" onclick="getPic();">看不清楚,换一张</a>
</p>

js部分:

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<script type="text/javascript">
function getPic(){
$("#codePic").attr("src","http://127.0.0.1:8888/TP/codePic?flag="+Math.random());
};
</script>

或:

// 验证码刷新
    $(".validCode_img").click(function () {
        $(this)[0].src+="?"
    })

这部分最重要的就是 $("#codePic").attr("src","http://127.0.0.1:8888/TP/codePic?flag="+Math.random()); 这部分的代码。如果不加flag="+Math.random()是实现不了局部刷新的功能的。因为src中如果每次访问的地址一样的话就会发生不更新的情况。具体为什么会发生这种情况大家可以自己去研究。而codePic其实是一个action。这个action的功能是利用java画笔画出验证码并打包成图片返回给img中的src。

  

  

 
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/huchong/p/7867570.html