day6--模块

Logging模块

'''
critical=50
error=40
warning=30
info=20
debug=10
notset=0
'''

# import logging #默认的日志级别是：warning，默认的输出目标是：终端
#
#
# logging.debug('debug')
# logging.info('info')
# logging.warning('warn123')
# logging.error('error')
# logging.critical('critical')



#控制日志打印到文件中，并且自己定制日志的输出格式
# import logging
#
# logging.basicConfig(
#     filename='access.log',
#     # filemode='w', #默认是a模式
#     format='%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s -%(module)s:  %(message)s',
#     datefmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %p',
#     level=10,
# )
#
#
# logging.debug('debug')
# logging.info('info')
# logging.warning('warn123')
# logging.error('error')
# logging.critical('critical')

#待解决的问题：
#1：既往终端打印，又往文件中打印
#2：控制输出到不同的目标（终端+文件）的日志，有各自的配置信息
import logging

#一：Logger对象：负责产生日志信息
logger=logging.getLogger('root')


#二：Filter对象：略


#三：Handler对象：负责接收Logger对象传来的日志内容，控制打印到终端or文件
h1=logging.FileHandler('t1.log')
h2=logging.FileHandler('t2.log')
h3=logging.StreamHandler()


#四：formmater对象
#给文件
formatter1=logging.Formatter(
    '%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s -%(module)s:  %(message)s',
    datefmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %p',
)

#给终端
formatter2=logging.Formatter(
    '%(asctime)s - %(message)s',
    datefmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %p',
)

#五：为handler对象绑定日志格式，设置日志级别
#给文件：绑定到Filehandler对象
h1.setFormatter(formatter1)
h2.setFormatter(formatter1)
#给终端：绑定到Streamhandler对象
h3.setFormatter(formatter2)

#设置日志级别
h1.setLevel(30)
h2.setLevel(30)
h3.setLevel(30)


#六：把h1,h2,h3都add给logger，这样logger对象才能把自己的日志交给他们三负责输出
logger.addHandler(h1)
logger.addHandler(h2)
logger.addHandler(h3)
logger.setLevel(20) #括号的数字一定要<=Hanlder对象的数字


#七：测试
# logger.debug('debug')
# logger.info('info')
# logger.warning('warn123') #30
# logger.error('error')
# logger.critical('critical')



#强调：如果想要日志成功打印
# 日内容的级别 >= Logger对象的日志级别  >= Handler对象的日志级别







#了解知识点：Logger对象的继承

import logging


logger1=logging.getLogger('a')
logger2=logging.getLogger('a.b')
logger3=logging.getLogger('a.b.c')


h3=logging.StreamHandler()

formatter2=logging.Formatter(
    '%(asctime)s - %(message)s',
    datefmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %p',
)
h3.setFormatter(formatter2)
h3.setLevel(10)

logger1.addHandler(h3)
logger1.setLevel(10)

logger2.addHandler(h3)
logger2.setLevel(10)

logger3.addHandler(h3)
logger3.setLevel(10)


# logger1.debug('logger1 debug')
# logger2.debug('logger2 debug')
logger3.debug('logger2 debug')

 

Re模块

import re



# print(re.findall('alex','12a3 alex say hello alex sb 123 _ 4%5*6'))
#                 #                            alex
# print(re.findall('aaa','12a1aaa'))
#                 #          aba

# print(re.findall('w','alex say alex sb 123 _ 4%5*'))
# print(re.findall('W','alex say alex sb 123 _ 4%5*'))
# print(re.findall('s','al e x hello alex sb 123 _ 4%5*'))
# print(re.findall('S','al e x hello alex sb 123 _ 4%5*'))
# print(re.findall('d','al e x hello alex sb 123 _ 4%5*'))
# # print(re.findall('dd','al e x hel12345lo alex sb 123 _ 4%5*'))
# print(re.findall('D','al e x hello alex sb 123 _ 4%5*'))

# print(re.findall('Al','alex say hello'))
# print(re.findall('llo','alex say hello'))

# print(re.findall('^l','alex say hello'))
# print(re.findall('llo$','alex say hello'))
#
#
# print(re.findall(' ','al e x hello alex sb 123 _ 4%5*'))
# print(re.findall(' ','al e x hello alex sb 123 _ 4%5*'))



#重复匹配：. [] ?  *  +  {}

# print(re.findall('a.c','a1c a%c abc accc acccc'))
# print(re.findall('a.c','a1c a%c a c accc acccc',re.S))
# print(re.findall('a.c','a1c a%c a c accc acccc',re.S))
# print(re.findall('a[0-9]c','a1c a%c a c accc acccc',re.S))
# print(re.findall('a[a-z]c','a1c a%c a c accc acccc',re.S))
# print(re.findall('a[A-Z]c','a1c a%c a c accc acccc aAc aAAc',re.S))
# print(re.findall('a[0-9a-zA-Z]c','a1c a%c a c accc acccc aAc aAAc',re.S))
# print(re.findall('a[% ]c','a c a1c a%c a+c a-c a/c a*c',re.S))
# print(re.findall('a[^% ]c','a c a1c a%c a+c a-c a/c a*c',re.S))
# print(re.findall('a[+-*/]c','a c a1c a%c a+c a-c a/c a*c',re.S))
# print(re.findall('a[-+*/]c','a c a1c a%c a+c a-c a/c a*c',re.S))
# print(re.findall('a[+*/-]c','a c a1c a%c a+c a-c a/c a*c',re.S))
# print(re.findall('a.*?c','a c a1c a%c a+c a-c a/c a*c',re.S))

#?:左边那个字符出现0次或1次
# print(re.findall('ab?','a ab abb abbb abbbbbb'))
# print(re.findall('ab{0,1}','a ab abb abbb abbbbbb'))

#*:左边那个字符出现0次或无穷次
# print(re.findall('ab*','a ab abb abbb abbbbbb abbc123bbbb'))
# print(re.findall('ab{0,}','a ab abb abbb abbbbbb abbc123bbbb'))

#+:左边那个字符出现1次或无穷次
# print(re.findall('ab+','a ab abb abbb abbbbbb abbc123bbbb'))
# print(re.findall('ab{1,}','a ab abb abbb abbbbbb abbc123bbbb'))

#{n,m}:左边那个字符出现n到m次
# print(re.findall('ab{3}','a ab abb abbb abbbbbb abbc123bbbb'))
# print(re.findall('ab{3,}','a ab abb abbb abbbbbb abbc123bbbb'))
# print(re.findall('ab{0,1}','a ab abb abbb abbbbbb abbc123bbbb'))
# print(re.findall('ab{0,}','a ab abb abbb abbbbbb abbc123bbbb'))
# print(re.findall('ab{1,}','a ab abb abbb abbbbbb abbc123bbbb'))


#贪婪匹配：.*
# print(re.findall('a.*b','a123b456b'))

#非贪婪匹配：.*?
# print(re.findall('a.*?b','a123b456b'))



#分组：()

# print(re.findall('<imag href="(.*)" />',
#                  '<h1>hello</h1><a href="http://www.baidu.com"></a><imag href="http://www.baidu.com/a.jpg" />'))
#
#
#
# print(re.findall('<imag href="(?:.*)" />',
#                  '<h1>hello</h1><a href="http://www.baidu.com"></a><imag href="http://www.baidu.com/a.jpg" />'))

#|

# print(re.findall('compan(?:ies|y)','Too many companies have gone bankrupt, and the next one is my company'))


# print(re.findall('a\\c','ac a12 a2c')) #'a\c'
# print(re.findall(r'a\c','ac a12 a2c')) #'a\c'



# print(re.findall('alex','alex say hello alex'))

#与findall用法完全一致，不一样的地方在于search匹配一次就结束
# print(re.search('alex','alex say hello alex').group())

#match代表从头匹配
# print(re.match('alex','alex say hello alex').group())
# print(re.search('^alex','alex say hello alex').group())


# re.split()
# print(re.split(':','root:x:0:0:/root::/bin/bash'))


# re.sub()
# print(re.sub('alex','SB','alex say i have on telsa my name is alex',1))
# print(re.subn('alex','SB','alex say i have on telsa my name is alex'))

# print(re.sub(r'(w+)(W+)(w+)(W+)(w+)',r'52341','alex-love: SB'))
# print(re.sub(r'^al',r'AAAAAAAAA','alex-love: SB alex'))


# re.compile()
# print(re.findall('^alex','alex say hello alex'))
# print(re.search('^alex','alex say hello alex'))

# obj=re.compile(r'^alex')
# print(obj.findall('alex say hello alex'))
# print(obj.search('alex say hello alex').group())



#补充：
# print(re.findall(r'<.*?>.*?</.*?>','<h1>hello</h1>'))
# print(re.findall(r'<(.*?)>.*?</(.*?)>','<h1>hello</h1>'))
# print(re.findall(r'<(.*?)>.*?</(1)>','<h1>hello</h1>'))
# print(re.findall(r'<(?P<k>.*?)>.*?</(?P=k)>','<h1>hello</h1>'))


# print(re.findall('-?d+.?d*',"1-12*(60+(-40.35/5)-(-4*3))"))


# print(re.findall('-?d+',"1-12*(60+(-40.35/5)-(-4*3))"))
# print(re.findall('-?d+.d+',"1-12*(60+(-40.35/5)-(-4*3))"))

# print(re.findall('-?d+.d+|(-?d+)',"1-12*(60+(-40.35/5)-(-4*3))"))
# print(re.findall('(-?d+.d+)|-?d+',"1-12*(60+(-40.35/5)-(-4*3))"))

expression='1-2*((60+2*(-3-40.0/5)*(9-2*5/3+7/3*99/4*2998+10*568/14))-(-4*3)/(16-3*2))'


print(re.search(r'(([-+*/]?d+.?d*)+)',expression).group())
# print(eval(expression))

 

Time模块

#time与datetime

import time
#时间戳
# print(time.time())

#结构化的实际
# print(time.localtime())
# print(time.localtime().tm_year)
# print(time.gmtime())

#格式化的字符串
# print(time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'))
# print(time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %X'))



print(time.asctime(time.localtime()))
print(time.ctime(time.time()))


#了解

# print(time.localtime(123123123))
# print(time.gmtime(123123123))
# print(time.mktime(time.localtime()))
# print(time.strptime('2017:03-01','%Y:%m-%d'))
# print(time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %X',time.gmtime()))


import datetime
# print(datetime.datetime.now())
# print(datetime.datetime.now()+datetime.timedelta(days=3))
# print(datetime.datetime.now()-datetime.timedelta(days=3))
# print(datetime.datetime.now()+datetime.timedelta(days=-3))
# print(datetime.datetime.now()+datetime.timedelta(hours=3))
# print(datetime.datetime.now()+datetime.timedelta(minutes=3))

# print(datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(123123123))



# print(datetime.datetime.now().replace(hour=22))

 

Random模块

import random


# print(random.choice([1,2,'a',[3,4]]))
# print(random.sample([1,2,'a','b','c'],2))

# print(random.uniform(1,3))

# item=[1,3,5,7,9]
# random.shuffle(item)
# print(item)


def make_code(n):
    res=''
    for i in range(n):
        s1=str(random.randint(0,9))
        s2=chr(random.randint(65,90))
        res+=random.choice([s1,s2])
    return res


print(make_code(10))

 

Os模块

import os
#
# res=os.system('tasklist')
# print('==========================?>',res)

# print(os.path.split(r'acd.txt') )
# print(os.path.dirname(r'acd.txt') )
# print(os.path.basename(r'acd.txt') )


# print(os.stat(r'C:UsersAdministratorPycharmProjects19期day6softconfsettings.py').st_size)
# print(os.path.getsize(r'C:UsersAdministratorPycharmProjects19期day6softconfsettings.py'))


# print(os.path.normcase('c:/Windows\system32\'))


print(os.path.normpath('c://windows\System32\../Temp/') )






x=os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
print(x)


print(os.path.normpath(os.path.join(
    os.path.abspath(__file__),
    '..',
    '..'
)
))

 

Sys模块

import sys

#sys.path

# print(sys.argv[1])
# print(sys.argv[2])

#sys.exit(3)



# print('[%-10s]' %'#')
# print('[%-10s]' %'##')
# print('[%-10s]' %'###')
# print('[%-10s]' %'####')
# print('[%-10s]' %'#####')


# print('%d%%' %30)
# print(('[%%-%ds]' %50) %'#')


import time
def progress(percent,width=50):
    if percent > 1:
        percent=1
    show_str=('[%%-%ds]' %width) %(int(percent*width)*'#')
    print(' %s %s%%' %(show_str,int(percent*100)),end='',file=sys.stdout,flush=True)


total_size=10212
recv_size=0

while recv_size < total_size:
    time.sleep(0.2) #1024
    recv_size+=1024

    percent=recv_size/total_size
    progress(percent,width=30)

 

Shutil模块

# import shutil


#打包压缩:day5_bak.tar.gz
# shutil.make_archive('day5_bak','gztar',root_dir=r'C:UsersAdministratorPycharmProjects19期day5')



import tarfile

obj=tarfile.open('day5_bak.tar.gz')
obj.extractall('aaa')
obj.close()

 

Configparser模块

# import configparser



# obj=configparser.ConfigParser()
# obj.read('my.cnf')


# print(obj.sections())
# print(obj.options('mysql'))
# print(obj.items('mysql'))



# print(obj.get('mysql','user')) #拿到的结果是字符串类型

# x=obj.get('mysqld','port')
# print(x,type(x))

#
# print(type(obj.getint('mysqld','port')))
# print(type(obj.getboolean('mysqld','x')))
# print(type(obj.getfloat('mysqld','y')))


#判断是否存在
import configparser
obj=configparser.ConfigParser()
obj.read('my.cnf')

print(obj.has_section('mysql'))
print(obj.has_option('alex','is_sbxxxxxxxxxxx'))





#了解：修改操作
# import configparser



# obj=configparser.ConfigParser()
# obj.read('my.cnf')

#
# obj.add_section('alex')
# obj.set('alex','password','123')
# obj.set('alex','is_sb','True')


# obj.remove_section('mysqld')
#
# obj.remove_option('mysql','user')
#
# obj.write(open('my.cnf','w'))

 

Hashlib模块

import hashlib


# m=hashlib.md5()
#
# m.update('hello'.encode('utf-8'))
# m.update('world'.encode('utf-8'))
# print(m.hexdigest()) #fc5e038d38a57032085441e7fe7010b0



# m=hashlib.md5()
# m.update('helloworld'.encode('utf-8'))
# print(m.hexdigest()) #fc5e038d38a57032085441e7fe7010b0


# with open(r'C:UsersAdministratorPycharmProjects19期day67_sys模块.py','rb') as f:
#     m=hashlib.md5()
#     m.update(f.read())
#     print(m.hexdigest()) #267214cb9601ca23ebd9dd604b74a20f



# with open(r'C:UsersAdministratorPycharmProjects19期day67_sys模块.py','rb') as f:
#     m=hashlib.md5()
#     for line in f:
#         m.update(line)
#     print(m.hexdigest()) #267214cb9601ca23ebd9dd604b74a20f



# s='alex3714'
#
# m=hashlib.md5()
# m.update(s.encode('utf-8'))
# s_hash=m.hexdigest()
#
# print(s_hash)
#

#
# passwds=[
#     'alex3714',
#     '123456',
#     'alex123',
#     '123alex',
#     'Alex@3012'
# ]
#
# def make_dic(passwds):
#     dic={}
#     for passwd in passwds:
#         m=hashlib.md5()
#         m.update(passwd.encode('utf-8'))
#         dic[passwd]=m.hexdigest()
#
#     return dic
#
#
#
# def break_code(s1,dic):
#     for p in dic:
#         if s1 == dic[p]:
#             return p
#
#
# s1='aee949757a2e698417463d47acac93df'
#
# dic=make_dic(passwds)
# res=break_code(s1,dic)
#
# print(res)
#


#密码加盐

# import hashlib
#
#
# # m=hashlib.md5('天王盖地虎'.encode('utf-8'))
# m=hashlib.sha512('天王盖地虎'.encode('utf-8'))
# m.update('alex3714'.encode('utf-8'))
# m.update('宝塔镇河妖'.encode('utf-8'))
# print(m.hexdigest()) #b74c5a073f1faf83dbc7b3c30a10ef4d
#




import hmac
#要想保证俩次校验的结果是一样的，处理内容必须以外，key必须一样

m1=hmac.new('哈了个哈'.encode('utf-8'))
m1.update('alex3714'.encode('utf-8'))
print(m1.hexdigest())



# m2 = hmac.new('哈'.encode('utf-8'))
# m2.update('了个哈alex3714'.encode('utf-8'))
# print(m2.hexdigest())

m3 = hmac.new('哈了个哈'.encode('utf-8'))
m3.update('alex'.encode('utf-8'))
m3.update('3714'.encode('utf-8'))
print(m3.hexdigest())

作业

基于递归和正则表达式实现的计算器，源码如下：

#！/usr/bin/env python
# Author:hongjie.gao
import re,os,sys

def compute_exponent(arg):
    """ 操作指数
    :param expression:表达式
    :return:计算结果
    """

    val = arg[0]
    pattern = re.compile(r'd+.?d*[*]{2}[+-]?d+.?d*')
    mch = pattern.search(val)
    if not mch:
        return
    content = pattern.search(val).group()

    if len(content.split('**'))>1:
        n1, n2 = content.split('**')
        value = float(n1) ** float(n2)
    else:
        pass

    before, after = pattern.split(val, 1)
    new_str = "%s%s%s" % (before,value,after)
    arg[0] = new_str
    compute_exponent(arg)

def compute_mul_div(arg):
    """ 操作乘除
    :param expression:表达式
    :return:计算结果
    """

    val = arg[0]
    pattern = re.compile(r'd+.?d*[*/\%//]+[+-]?d+.*d*')
    mch = pattern.search(val)
    if not mch:
        return
    content = pattern.search(val).group()

    if len(content.split('*'))>1:
        n1, n2 = content.split('*')
        value = float(n1) * float(n2)
    elif len(content.split('//'))>1:
        n1, n2 = content.split('//')
        value = float(n1) // float(n2)
    elif len(content.split('%'))>1:
        n1, n2 = content.split('%')
        value = float(n1) % float(n2)
    elif len(content.split('/'))>1:
        n1, n2 = content.split('/')
        value = float(n1) / float(n2)
    else:
        pass

    before, after = pattern.split(val, 1)
    new_str = "%s%s%s" % (before,value,after)
    arg[0] = new_str
    compute_mul_div(arg)


def compute_add_sub(arg):
    """ 操作加减
    :param expression:表达式
    :return:计算结果
    """
    while True:
        if arg[0].__contains__('+-') or arg[0].__contains__("++") or arg[0].__contains__('-+') or arg[0].__contains__("--"):
            arg[0] = arg[0].replace('+-','-')
            arg[0] = arg[0].replace('++','+')
            arg[0] = arg[0].replace('-+','-')
            arg[0] = arg[0].replace('--','+')
        else:
            break


    if arg[0].startswith('-'):

        arg[1] += 1
        arg[0] = arg[0].replace('-','&')
        arg[0] = arg[0].replace('+','-')
        arg[0] = arg[0].replace('&','+')
        arg[0] = arg[0][1:]
    val = arg[0]

    pattern = re.compile(r'd+.?d*[+-]{1}d+.?d*')
    mch = pattern.search(val)
    if not mch:
        return
    content = pattern.search(val).group()
    if len(content.split('+'))>1:
        n1, n2 = content.split('+')
        value = float(n1) + float(n2)
    else:
        n1, n2 = content.split('-')
        value = float(n1) - float(n2)

    before, after = pattern.split(val, 1)
    new_str = "%s%s%s" % (before,value,after)
    arg[0] = new_str
    compute_add_sub(arg)


def compute(expression):
    """ 操作加减乘除
    :param expression:表达式
    :return:计算结果
    """
    inp = [expression,0]

    # 处理表达式中的指数
    compute_exponent(inp)

    # 处理表达式中的乘除求余等
    compute_mul_div(inp)

    # 处理表达式的加减
    compute_add_sub(inp)
    if divmod(inp[1],2)[1] == 1:
        result = float(inp[0])
        result = result * -1
    else:
        result = float(inp[0])
    return result


def exec_bracket(expression):
    """ 递归处理括号，并计算
    :param expression: 表达式
    :return:最终计算结果
    """
    pattern = re.compile(r'(([+-*/\%//**]*d+.*d*){2,})')
    # 如果表达式中已经没有括号，则直接调用负责计算的函数，将表达式结果返回，如：2*1-82+444
    #if not re.search('(([+-*/]*d+.*d*){2,})', expression):
    if not pattern.search(expression):
        final = compute(expression)
        return final
    # 获取 第一个 只含有 数字/小数 和 操作符 的括号
    # 如：
    #    ['1-2*((60-30+(-40.0/5)*(9-2*5/3+7/3*99/4*2998+10*568/14))-(-4*3)/(16-3*2))']
    #    找出：(-40.0/5)
    content = pattern.search(expression).group()


    # 分割表达式，即：
    # 将['1-2*((60-30+(-40.0/5)*(9-2*5/3+7/3*99/4*2998+10*568/14))-(-4*3)/(16-3*2))']
    # 分割更三部分：['1-2*((60-30+(    (-40.0/5)      *(9-2*5/3+7/3*99/4*2998+10*568/14))-(-4*3)/(16-3*2))']
    before, nothing, after = pattern.split(expression, 1)

    print('before:',expression)
    content = content[1:len(content)-1]

    # 计算，提取的表示 (-40.0/5)，并活的结果，即：-40.0/5=-8.0
    ret = compute(content)

    print('%s=%s' %( content, ret))

    # 将执行结果拼接，['1-2*((60-30+(      -8.0     *(9-2*5/3+7/3*99/4*2998+10*568/14))-(-4*3)/(16-3*2))']
    expression = "%s%s%s" %(before, ret, after)
    print('after:',expression)
    print("="*10,'previous result is',"="*10)

    # 循环继续下次括号处理操作，本次携带者的是已被处理后的表达式，即：
    # ['1-2*((60-30+   -8.0  *(9-2*5/3+7/3*99/4*2998+10*568/14))-(-4*3)/(16-3*2))']

    # 如此周而复始的操作，直到表达式中不再含有括号
    return exec_bracket(expression)



# 使用 __name__ 的目的：
#   只有执行 python index.py 时，以下代码才执行
#   如果其他人导入该模块，以下代码不执行
if __name__ == "__main__":
    flag = True

    os.system('clear')                                                     ###清屏###

    print(' ================================================================')
    print('33[33m 欢迎使用计算器 ：33[0m')
    print(' ================================================================')



    while flag:
        calculate_input = input('33[32m请输入计算的表达式 | (退出:q)33[0m')
        calculate_input = re.sub('s*','',calculate_input)
        if len(calculate_input) == 0:
            continue
        elif calculate_input == 'q':
            sys.exit('退出程序')
        elif re.search('[^0-9.-+*/\%//**()]',calculate_input):
            print('33[31m 输入错误，请重新输入!!!33[0m')
        else:
            result = exec_bracket(calculate_input)
            print('the expression result is %s' % result)