Appium0.18.x迁移到Appium1.x须知事项（灰常实用，解答了本人几个疑问）

英文原版：https://github.com/appium/appium/blob/master/docs/en/advanced-concepts/migrating-to-1-0.md

Migrating your tests from Appium 0.18.x to Appium 1.x

把你的測试从Appium版本号0.18.x迁移至Appium1.x版本号

Appium 1.0 has removed a number of deprecated features from the previous versions. This guide will help you know what needs to change in your test suite to take advantage of Appium 1.0.

Appium1.0把一些陈旧无效的功能从老版本号中踢走，假设你想把你的測试升级到基于Appium1.0的话，本向导会告诉你须要怎么搞。

New client libraries

新的client库 

The biggest thing you need to worry about is using the new Appium client libraries instead of the vanilla WebDriver clients you are currently using. Visit the Appium client list to find the client for your language. Downloads and instructions for integrating into your code are available on the individual client websites.

你须要做得最重大的事情是用我们最新的Appiumclient库来代替掉原来在用的普通平庸的WebDriverclient库，请查看Appium client list 来找到你在使用的相应开发语言的客户端版本号。至于怎么下载和集成到你的代码的话里面各自有相应的页面做解答。

Ultimately, you'll be doing something like (to use Python as an example):

终于事实上你须要做得事情大概例如以下（以Python为例）：

from appium import webdriver

Instead of:

代替原来的：

from selenium import webdriver

New desired capabilities

新的capabilities选项

The following capabilities are no longer used: 

下面的capabilities将不再使用：

  • device
  • version

Instead, use these capabilities:

下面的capabilities将取而代之：

  • platformName (either "iOS" or "Android")
  • platformVersion (the mobile OS version you want)
  • deviceName (the kind of device you want, like "iPhone Simulator")
  • automationName ("Selendroid" if you want to use Selendroid, otherwise, this can be omitted)

The app capability remains the same, but now refers exclusively to non-browser apps. To use browsers like Safari or Chrome, use the standard browserName cap. This means that app and browserName are exclusive.

之前的app这项capability保留不变，但该项如今专门用在非browser类型的app上面。假设你要測试的是基于Safari或Chrome等浏览器的应用，请使用标准的browserName这项capability。也就是说app和browserName都是专用的选项。

We have also standardized on camelCase for Appium server caps. That means caps like app-package or app-wait-activity are now appPackage and appWaitActivity respectively. Of course, since Android app package and activity are now auto-detected, you should be able to omit them entirely in most cases.

同一时候我们也用骆驼命名法又一次统一命名了我们的Appium Server的capabilities。比方说原来的app-package和app-wait-activity将改成appPackage和appWaitActivity。当然，鉴于我们能自己主动检測到Android应用的包和activity，所以你能够大多时候忽略掉这些选项了。

New locator strategies 

新的控件查找器策略

We've removed the following locator strategies:

我们把下面的控件查找器策略给移除掉了：

  • name
  • tag name

We have now added the accessibility_id strategy to do what name used to do. The specifics will be relative to your Appium client.

我们如今引入了accessibility_id这个策略来代替原来name所做的事情（译者注：也就是说原来的AppiumDriver.findElementByName将会被如今的AppiumDriver.findElementByAccessibilityId代替）。其中细节将会依据你使用的Appiumclient（译者注：client语言）而有所不同。

tag name has been replaced by class name. So to find an element by its UI type, use the class name locator strategy for your client.

新的class name将会代替原来的tag name（译者注：也就说原来的findElementByTagName将会被想在的findElementByClassName代替），所以假设你要依据一个控件的UI类型来查找出该控件，请使用class name这个控件查找器。

Note about class name and xpath strategies: these now require the fully-qualified class name for your element. This means that if you had an xpath selector that looked like this:

注意class name和xpath策略的变化：你如今须要使用FQCN来描写叙述你的控件。也就是说假设你由一个xpath选择子例如以下所述：

//table/cell/button

It would now need to be:

那么如今要改为（译者注：也就是说原来的findElementByXpath(""//TextView[contains(@text,'Add note')]"")将须要改成findElementByXpath("//android.widget.TextView[contains(@text,'Add note')]")：

//UIATableView/UIATableCell/UIAButton

(And likewise for Android: button now needs to be android.widget.Button)

(如此类推：button如今就要写成android.widget.Button)

We've also added the following locator strategies:

同一时候我们也加入�了例如以下的控件定位器策略（译者注：也就是说入Andoid添加�了AppiumDriver.findElementByUiAutomator）：

  • -ios uiautomation
  • -android uiautomator

Refer to your client for ways to use these new locator strategies.

请依据你使用的client（依据不同语言）库来确定怎样使用新的控件定位器策略。

XML, not JSON 

使用JSON代替XML

App source methods, which previously returned JSON, now return XML, so if you have code that relies on parsing the app source, it will need to be updated.

取得当前窗体的源代码（译者注：也就是AppiumDriver.getPageSource函数）返回的格式将从原来的JSON改成XML。所以假设你之前的代码有依赖分析控件源代码的地方必须做对应的更新。

Hybrid support through context, not window

混合应用通过context而非window进行支持

Hybrid apps were previously supported by switching between "windows" using：

之前的混合应用是通过切换"windows"来获得支持的：

  • window_handles
  • window
  • switch_to.window

Now Appium supports the more conceptually consistent concept of "context". To get all of the available contexts, or the particular context the application is is, you use

现在Appium支持（跟切换上下文这个概念）更加概念一致的的“context”。为了取得全部可用的上下文或者你的应用特有的上下文，请使用例如以下方式：

# python
driver.contexts
current = driver.context

// javascript
driver.contexts().then(function (contexts) { /*...*/ })

// c#
driver.GetContexts ()
driver.GetContext ()

// java
Set<String> contextNames = driver.getContextHandles();
String context = driver.getContext();

// php
$contexts = $this->contexts();
$context = $this->context();

# ruby
contexts = available_contexts
context = current_context

And to switch between them, you use

请使用例如以下方式进行切换：

# python
driver.switch_to.context("WEBVIEW")

// javascript
driver.currentContext().then(function (context) { /*...*/ })

// c#
driver.SetContext ("WEBVIEW");

java
driver.context(contextName);

// php
$this->context('WEBVIEW');

# ruby
set_context "WEBVIEW"

No more execute_script("mobile: xxx")

execute_script("mobile: xxx")将销声匿迹

All the mobile: methods have been removed, and have been replaced by native methods in the Appium client libraries. This means that a method call like driver.execute("mobile: lock", [5]) will now look something more likedriver.lock(5) (where lock has been turned into a native client method). Of course, the details on calling these methods will differ by client.

全部”mobile：”相关的方法讲都会被剔除掉，而且被Appiumclient库的原生方法给替代掉。比如原来的driver.execute("mobile:lock",[5])将会被如今的driver.lock(5)所代替（这里lock这个功能已经成为了原生的客户方法了）。当然，详细的调用方法将会依据你所使用的不同的client库而有所不同了。

Of particular note, the gesture methods have been replaced by the new TouchAction / MultiAction API which allows for a much more powerful and general way of putting gestural automation together. Refer to your Appium client for usage notes on TouchAction / MultiAction.

须要特别声明的是，手势操作相关的方法将会被新的TouchAction/MultiAction API所替代，把这些手势操作集合在一起将会使得你的手势操作相关的自己主动化更强大和通俗易懂。更具体的TouchAction/MultiAction的使用请查看你的的Appiumclient。

And that's it! Happy migrating!

完！迁移快乐！

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/hrhguanli/p/4078733.html