建立的表：
表名：REGIONS
|
序号 |
列名 |
数据类型 |
长度 |
小数位 |
标识 |
主键 |
允许空 |
默认值 |
说明 |
|
1 |
REGION_ID |
NUMBER |
|
|
|
是 |
否 |
|
|
|
2 |
REGION_NAME |
VARCHAR2 |
25 |
|
|
|
是 |
|
|
表名：COUNTRIES
|
序号 |
列名 |
数据类型 |
长度 |
小数位 |
标识 |
主键 |
允许空 |
默认值 |
说明 |
|
1 |
COUNTRY_ID |
CHAR |
2 |
|
|
是 |
否 |
|
|
|
2 |
COUNTRY_NAME |
VARCHAR2 |
40 |
|
|
|
是 |
|
|
|
3 |
REGION_ID |
NUMBER |
|
|
|
|
是 |
|
|
表名：LOCATIONS
|
序号 |
列名 |
数据类型 |
长度 |
小数位 |
标识 |
主键 |
允许空 |
默认值 |
说明 |
|
1 |
LOCATION_ID |
NUMBER |
4 |
0 |
|
是 |
否 |
|
|
|
2 |
STREET_ADDRESS |
VARCHAR2 |
40 |
|
|
|
是 |
|
|
|
3 |
POSTAL_CODE |
VARCHAR2 |
12 |
|
|
|
是 |
|
|
|
4 |
CITY |
VARCHAR2 |
30 |
|
|
|
否 |
|
|
|
5 |
STATE_PROVINCE |
VARCHAR2 |
25 |
|
|
|
是 |
|
|
|
6 |
COUNTRY_ID |
CHAR |
2 |
|
|
|
是 |
|
|
表名：DEPARTMENTS
|
序号 |
列名 |
数据类型 |
长度 |
小数位 |
标识 |
主键 |
允许空 |
默认值 |
说明 |
|
1 |
DEPARTMENT_ID |
NUMBER |
4 |
0 |
|
是 |
否 |
|
|
|
2 |
DEPARTMENT_NAME |
VARCHAR2 |
30 |
|
|
|
否 |
|
|
|
3 |
MANAGER_ID |
NUMBER |
6 |
0 |
|
|
是 |
|
|
|
4 |
LOCATION_ID |
NUMBER |
4 |
0 |
|
|
是 |
|
|
表名：JOBS
|
序号 |
列名 |
数据类型 |
长度 |
小数位 |
标识 |
主键 |
允许空 |
默认值 |
说明 |
|
1 |
JOB_ID |
VARCHAR2 |
10 |
|
|
是 |
否 |
|
|
|
2 |
JOB_TITLE |
VARCHAR2 |
35 |
|
|
|
否 |
|
|
|
3 |
MIN_SALARY |
NUMBER |
6 |
0 |
|
|
是 |
|
|
|
4 |
MAX_SALARY |
NUMBER |
6 |
0 |
|
|
是 |
|
|
表名：EMPLOYEES
|
序号 |
列名 |
数据类型 |
长度 |
小数位 |
标识 |
主键 |
允许空 |
默认值 |
说明 |
|
1 |
EMPLOYEE_ID |
NUMBER |
6 |
0 |
|
是 |
否 |
|
|
|
2 |
FIRST_NAME |
VARCHAR2 |
20 |
|
|
|
是 |
|
|
|
3 |
LAST_NAME |
VARCHAR2 |
25 |
|
|
|
否 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
VARCHAR2 |
25 |
|
|
|
否 |
|
|
|
5 |
PHONE_NUMBER |
VARCHAR2 |
20 |
|
|
|
是 |
|
|
|
6 |
HIRE_DATE |
DATE |
7 |
|
|
|
否 |
|
|
|
7 |
JOB_ID |
VARCHAR2 |
10 |
|
|
|
否 |
|
|
|
8 |
SALARY |
NUMBER |
8 |
2 |
|
|
是 |
|
|
|
9 |
COMMISSION_PCT |
NUMBER |
2 |
2 |
|
|
是 |
|
|
|
10 |
MANAGER_ID |
NUMBER |
6 |
0 |
|
|
是 |
|
|
|
11 |
DEPARTMENT_ID |
NUMBER |
4 |
0 |
|
|
是 |
|
|
ER图：
用SQL完成以下问题列表：
1. 各个部门平均、最大、最小工资、人数，按照部门号升序排列。
2. 各个部门中工资大于5000的员工人数。
3. 各个部门平均工资和人数，按照部门名字升序排列。
4. 列出每个部门中有同样工资的员工的统计信息，列出他们的部门号，工资，人数。
5. 列出同部门中工资高于1000 的员工数量超过2 人的部门，显示部门名字、地区名称。
6. 哪些员工的工资，高于整个公司的平均工资，列出员工的名字和工资（降序）。
7. 哪些员工的工资，介于50号 和80号部门平均工资之间。
8. 所在部门平均工资高于5000 的员工名字。
9. 列出各个部门中工资最高的员工的信息：名字、部门号、工资。
10. 最高的部门平均工资是多少。
各试题解答如下（欢迎大家指出不同的方法或建议！）：
/*--------1、各个部门平均、最大、最小工资、人数，按照部门号升序排列。---------*/
SQL> SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID AS 部门号,AVG(SALARY) AS 平均工资
2 ,MAX(SALARY) AS 最高工资,MIN(SALARY) AS 最低工资
3 ,COUNT(*) AS 人数
4 FROM EMPLOYEES
5 GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_ID
6 ORDER BY DEPARTMENT_ID ASC;
部门号 平均工资 最高工资 最低工资 人数
------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
10 4400 4400 4400 1
20 9500 13000 6000 2
30 4150 11000 2500 6
40 6500 6500 6500 1
50 3475.55555 8200 2100 45
60 5760 9000 4200 5
70 10000 10000 10000 1
80 8973.85294 14000 6100 34
90 21333.3333 24000 20000 3
100 8600 12000 6900 6
110 10150 12000 8300 2
7000 7000 7000 1
12 rows selected
/*--------2、各个部门中工资大于5000的员工人数。---------*/
SQL> SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID,COUNT(*) FROM EMPLOYEES
2 WHERE SALARY > 5000
3 GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_ID;
DEPARTMENT_ID COUNT(*)
------------- ----------
20 2
30 1
40 1
50 5
60 2
70 1
80 34
90 3
100 6
110 2
1
11 rows selected
/*--------3、各个部门平均工资和人数，按照部门名字升序排列。---------*/
SQL> SELECT DPTNAME,AVG(SALARY),COUNT(*) FROM
2 (SELECT
3 (SELECT DEPT.DEPARTMENT_NAME FROM DEPARTMENTS DEPT
4 WHERE DEPT.DEPARTMENT_ID = EMP.DEPARTMENT_ID) DPTNAME,
5 EMP.SALARY
6 FROM EMPLOYEES EMP)
7 GROUP BY DPTNAME
8 ORDER BY DPTNAME;
DPTNAME AVG(SALARY) COUNT(*)
------------------------------ ----------- ----------
Accounting 10150 2
Administration 4400 1
Executive 21333.33333 3
Finance 8600 6
Human Resources 6500 1
IT 5760 5
Marketing 9500 2
Public Relations 10000 1
Purchasing 4150 6
Sales 8973.852941 34
Shipping 3475.555555 45
7000 1
12 rows selected
--或者--
SQL> SELECT DEPT.DEPARTMENT_NAME,AVG(EMP.SALARY),COUNT(*)
2 FROM EMPLOYEES EMP,DEPARTMENTS DEPT
3 WHERE EMP.DEPARTMENT_ID = DEPT.DEPARTMENT_ID
4 GROUP BY DEPT.DEPARTMENT_NAME
5 ORDER BY DEPT.DEPARTMENT_NAME;
DEPARTMENT_NAME AVG(EMP.SALARY) COUNT(*)
------------------------------ --------------- ----------
Accounting 10150 2
Administration 4400 1
Executive 21333.333333333 3
Finance 8600 6
Human Resources 6500 1
IT 5760 5
Marketing 9500 2
Public Relations 10000 1
Purchasing 4150 6
Sales 8973.8529411764 34
Shipping 3475.5555555555 45
11 rows selected
--可以看到，这种方式，对于部门号为空的没有统计出来
/*--------4、列出每个部门中有同样工资的员工的统计信息，
列出他们的部门号，工资，人数。---------*/
SQL> SELECT EMP1.DEPARTMENT_ID,EMP1.SALARY,COUNT(*) CNT
2 FROM EMPLOYEES EMP1,EMPLOYEES EMP2
3 WHERE EMP1.DEPARTMENT_ID = EMP2.DEPARTMENT_ID AND
4 EMP1.SALARY = EMP2.SALARY
5 AND EMP1.EMPLOYEE_ID <> EMP2.EMPLOYEE_ID
6 GROUP BY EMP1.DEPARTMENT_ID,EMP1.SALARY;
DEPARTMENT_ID SALARY CNT
------------- ---------- ----------
50 2200.00 2
50 2400.00 2
50 2500.00 20
50 2600.00 6
50 2700.00 2
50 2800.00 6
50 2900.00 2
50 3000.00 2
50 3100.00 6
50 3200.00 12
50 3300.00 2
50 3600.00 2
60 4800.00 2
80 7000.00 2
80 7500.00 2
80 8000.00 6
80 9000.00 2
80 9500.00 6
80 10000.00 6
80 10500.00 2
80 11000.00 2
90 20000.00 2
22 rows selected
/*--------5、列出同部门中工资高于1000 的员工数量超过2 人的部门，
显示部门名字、地区名称。---------*/
SQL> SELECT D.DEPARTMENT_NAME,L.CITY,COUNT(*)
2 FROM EMPLOYEES E,DEPARTMENTS D,LOCATIONS L
3 WHERE E.DEPARTMENT_ID = D.DEPARTMENT_ID AND
4 D.LOCATION_ID = L.LOCATION_ID AND
5 E.SALARY > 1000
6 GROUP BY D.DEPARTMENT_NAME,L.CITY
7 HAVING COUNT(*) > 2;
DEPARTMENT_NAME CITY COUNT(*)
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ----------
IT Southlake 5
Sales Oxford 34
Finance Seattle 6
Shipping South San Francisco 45
Executive Seattle 3
Purchasing Seattle 6
6 rows selected
/*--------6、哪些员工的工资，高于整个公司的平均工资，
列出员工的名字和工资（降序）。---------*/
SQL> SELECT FIRST_NAME || ' ' || LAST_NAME,SALARY
2 FROM EMPLOYEES
3 WHERE SALARY > (
4 SELECT AVG(SALARY)
5 FROM EMPLOYEES
6 )
7 ORDER BY SALARY DESC;
FIRST_NAME||''||LAST_NAME SALARY
---------------------------------------------- ----------
Steven King 24000.00
Neena Kochhar 20000.00
Lex De Haan 20000.00
John Russell 14000.00
Karen Partners 13500.00
Michael Hartstein 13000.00
Nancy Greenberg 12000.00
Alberto Errazuriz 12000.00
Shelley Higgins 12000.00
Lisa Ozer 11500.00
Den Raphaely 11000.00
Gerald Cambrault 11000.00
Ellen Abel 11000.00
Eleni Zlotkey 10500.00
Clara Vishney 10500.00
Peter Tucker 10000.00
Janette King 10000.00
Harrison Bloom 10000.00
Hermann Baer 10000.00
Tayler Fox 9600.00
--共50条数据
/*--------7、哪些员工的工资，介于50号 和80号 部门平均工资之间。---------*/
SQL> SELECT FIRST_NAME || ' ' || LAST_NAME AS NAME,SALARY
2 FROM EMPLOYEES
3 WHERE SALARY
4 BETWEEN
5 (SELECT AVG(SALARY) FROM EMPLOYEES
6 WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID = 50)
7 AND (SELECT AVG(SALARY) FROM EMPLOYEES
8 WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID = 80);
NAME SALARY
---------------------------------------------- ----------
Bruce Ernst 6000.00
David Austin 4800.00
Valli Pataballa 4800.00
Diana Lorentz 4200.00
John Chen 8200.00
Ismael Sciarra 7700.00
Jose Manuel Urman 7800.00
Luis Popp 6900.00
Matthew Weiss 8000.00
Adam Fripp 8200.00
Payam Kaufling 7900.00
Shanta Vollman 6500.00
Kevin Mourgos 5800.00
Renske Ladwig 3600.00
Trenna Rajs 3500.00
Christopher Olsen 8000.00
Nanette Cambrault 7500.00
Oliver Tuvault 7000.00
Lindsey Smith 8000.00
Louise Doran 7500.00
Sarath Sewall 7000.00
Mattea Marvins 7200.00
David Lee 6800.00
Sundar Ande 6400.00
Amit Banda 6200.00
William Smith 7400.00
Elizabeth Bates 7300.00
Sundita Kumar 6100.00
Alyssa Hutton 8800.00
Jonathon Taylor 8600.00
Jack Livingston 8000.00
Kimberely Grant 7000.00
Charles Johnson 7211.00
Nandita Sarchand 4200.00
Alexis Bull 4100.00
Kelly Chung 3800.00
Jennifer Dilly 3600.00
Sarah Bell 4000.00
Britney Everett 3900.00
Jennifer Whalen 4400.00
Pat Fay 6000.00
Susan Mavris 6500.00
William Gietz 8300.00
43 rows selected
/*--------8、所在部门平均工资高于5000 的员工名字。---------*/
SQL> SELECT FIRST_NAME || ' ' || LAST_NAME AS NAME,SALARY
2 FROM EMPLOYEES
3 WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID IN
4 (SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID FROM EMPLOYEES
5 GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_ID
6 HAVING AVG(SALARY) > 5000);
NAME SALARY
---------------------------------------------- ----------
Michael Hartstein 13000.00
Pat Fay 6000.00
Susan Mavris 6500.00
Alexander Hunold 9000.00
Bruce Ernst 6000.00
David Austin 4800.00
Valli Pataballa 4800.00
Diana Lorentz 4200.00
Hermann Baer 10000.00
John Russell 14000.00
Karen Partners 13500.00
Alberto Errazuriz 12000.00
Gerald Cambrault 11000.00
Eleni Zlotkey 10500.00
Peter Tucker 10000.00
David Bernstein 9500.00
Peter Hall 9000.00
Christopher Olsen 8000.00
Nanette Cambrault 7500.00
Oliver Tuvault 7000.00
--等54行数据…
/*--------9、列出各个部门中工资最高的员工的信息：名字、部门号、工资。---------*/
SQL> SELECT FIRST_NAME || ' ' || LAST_NAME AS NAME
2 ,SALARY,DEPARTMENT_ID
3 FROM EMPLOYEES
4 WHERE (DEPARTMENT_ID,SALARY) IN
5 (SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID,MAX(SALARY)
6 FROM EMPLOYEES
7 GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_ID);
NAME SALARY DEPARTMENT_ID
---------------------------------------------- ---------- -------------
Jennifer Whalen 4400.00 10
Michael Hartstein 13000.00 20
Den Raphaely 11000.00 30
Susan Mavris 6500.00 40
Adam Fripp 8200.00 50
Alexander Hunold 9000.00 60
Hermann Baer 10000.00 70
John Russell 14000.00 80
Steven King 24000.00 90
Nancy Greenberg 12000.00 100
Shelley Higgins 12000.00 110
11 rows selected
/*--------10、最高的部门平均工资是多少。---------*/
SQL> SELECT MAX(AVGSALARY)
2 FROM(SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID,AVG(SALARY) AVGSALARY
3 FROM EMPLOYEES
4 GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_ID);
MAX(AVGSALARY)
--------------
21333.33333333
本文使用的实例表结构与表的数据如下：
scott.emp员工表结构如下：
scott.dept部门表
提示：工资＝薪金＋佣金
scott.emp表的现有数据如下：
Scott.dept表的现有数据如下：
用SQL完成以下问题列表：
各答案如下，欢迎大家给出不出的解答方式。
--------2．列出薪金比“SMITH”多的所有员工。---------- SQL> select * from emp where sal > (select sal from emp where ename = 'SMITH'); EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO ----- ---------- --------- ----- ----------- --------- --------- ------ 7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 1981-2-20 1600.00 300.00 30 7521 WARD SALESMAN 7698 1981-2-22 1250.00 500.00 30 7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 1981-4-2 2975.00 20 7654 MARTIN SALESMAN 7698 1981-9-28 1250.00 1400.00 30 7698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 1981-5-1 2850.00 30 7782 CLARK MANAGER 7839 1981-6-9 2450.00 10 7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 1987-4-19 4000.00 20 7839 KING PRESIDENT 1981-11-17 5000.00 10 7844 TURNER SALESMAN 7698 1981-9-8 1500.00 0.00 30 7876 ADAMS CLERK 7788 1987-5-23 1100.00 20 7900 JAMES CLERK 7698 1981-12-3 950.00 30 7902 FORD ANALYST 7566 1981-12-3 3000.00 20 7934 MILLER CLERK 7782 1982-1-23 1300.00 10 102 EricHu Developer 1455 2011-5-26 1 5500.00 14.00 10 104 huyong PM 1455 2011-5-26 1 5500.00 14.00 10 105 WANGJING Developer 1455 2011-5-26 1 5500.00 14.00 10 16 rows selected
--------3．列出所有员工的姓名及其直接上级的姓名。---------- SQL> select a.ename,(select ename from emp b where b.empno=a.mgr) as boss_name from emp a; ENAME BOSS_NAME ---------- ---------- SMITH FORD ALLEN BLAKE WARD BLAKE JONES KING MARTIN BLAKE BLAKE KING CLARK KING SCOTT JONES KING TURNER BLAKE ADAMS SCOTT JAMES BLAKE FORD JONES MILLER CLARK EricHu huyong WANGJING 17 rows selected
--------4．列出受雇日期早于其直接上级的所有员工。---------- SQL> select a.ename from emp a where a.hiredate<(select hiredate from emp b where b.empno=a.mgr); ENAME ---------- SMITH ALLEN WARD JONES BLAKE CLARK 6 rows selected
--------5．列出部门名称和这些部门的员工信息，同时列出那些没有员工的部门---------- SQL> select a.dname,b.empno,b.ename,b.job,b.mgr,b.hiredate,b.sal,b.deptno 2 from dept a left join emp b on a.deptno=b.deptno; DNAME EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL DEPTNO -------------- ----- ---------- --------- ----- ----------- --------- ------ RESEARCH 7369 SMITH CLERK 7902 1980-12-17 800.00 20 SALES 7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 1981-2-20 1600.00 30 SALES 7521 WARD SALESMAN 7698 1981-2-22 1250.00 30 RESEARCH 7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 1981-4-2 2975.00 20 SALES 7654 MARTIN SALESMAN 7698 1981-9-28 1250.00 30 SALES 7698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 1981-5-1 2850.00 30 ACCOUNTING 7782 CLARK MANAGER 7839 1981-6-9 2450.00 10 RESEARCH 7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 1987-4-19 4000.00 20 ACCOUNTING 7839 KING PRESIDENT 1981-11-17 5000.00 10 SALES 7844 TURNER SALESMAN 7698 1981-9-8 1500.00 30 RESEARCH 7876 ADAMS CLERK 7788 1987-5-23 1100.00 20 SALES 7900 JAMES CLERK 7698 1981-12-3 950.00 30 RESEARCH 7902 FORD ANALYST 7566 1981-12-3 3000.00 20 ACCOUNTING 7934 MILLER CLERK 7782 1982-1-23 1300.00 10 ACCOUNTING 102 EricHu Developer 1455 2011-5-26 1 5500.00 10 ACCOUNTING 104 huyong PM 1455 2011-5-26 1 5500.00 10 ACCOUNTING 105 WANGJING Developer 1455 2011-5-26 1 5500.00 10 50abc OPERATIONS Developer 20 rows selected
--------6．列出所有“CLERK”（办事员）的姓名及其部门名称。---------- SQL> select a.ename,b.dname from emp a join dept b on a.deptno=b.deptno and a.job='CLERK'; ENAME DNAME ---------- -------------- SMITH RESEARCH ADAMS RESEARCH JAMES SALES MILLER ACCOUNTING
--------7．列出最低薪金大于1500的各种工作。---------- SQL> select distinct job as HighSalJob from emp group by job having min(sal)>1500; HIGHSALJOB ---------- ANALYST Developer MANAGER PM PRESIDENT
--------8．列出在部门“SALES”（销售部）工作的员工的姓名，假定不知道销售部的部门编号。---------- SQL> select ename from emp where deptno=(select deptno from dept where dname='SALES'); ENAME ---------- ALLEN WARD MARTIN BLAKE TURNER JAMES 6 rows selected
--------9．列出薪金高于公司平均薪金的所有员工。---------- SQL> select ename from emp where sal>(select avg(sal) from emp); ENAME ---------- JONES BLAKE SCOTT KING FORD EricHu huyong WANGJING 8 rows selected
--------10．列出与“SCOTT”从事相同工作的所有员工。-------- SQL> select ename from emp where job=(select job from emp where ename='SCOTT'); ENAME ---------- SCOTT FORD
--------11．列出薪金等于部门30中员工的薪金的所有员工的姓名和薪金。--------- SQL> select a.ename,a.sal from emp a where a.sal in (select b.sal 2 from emp b where b.deptno=30) and a.deptno<>30; ENAME SAL ---------- --------- --------12．列出薪金高于在部门30工作的所有员工的薪金的员工姓名和薪金。--------- SQL> select ename,sal from emp where sal>(select max(sal) from emp where deptno=30); ENAME SAL ---------- --------- JONES 2975.00 SCOTT 4000.00 KING 5000.00 FORD 3000.00 EricHu 5500.00 huyong 5500.00 WANGJING 5500.00 7 rows selected
--------13．列出在每个部门工作的员工数量、平均工资和平均服务期限。--------- SQL> select (select b.dname from dept b where a.deptno=b.deptno) as deptname ,count(deptno) as deptcount,avg(sal) as deptavgsal 2 from emp a group by deptno; DEPTNAME DEPTCOUNT DEPTAVGSAL -------------- ---------- ---------- ACCOUNTING 6 4208.33333 RESEARCH 5 2375 SALES 6 1566.66666
--------14．列出所有员工的姓名、部门名称和工资。--------- SQL> select a.ename,(select b.dname from dept b where b.deptno=a.deptno) as deptname,sal from emp a; ENAME DEPTNAME SAL ---------- -------------- --------- SMITH RESEARCH 800.00 ALLEN SALES 1600.00 WARD SALES 1250.00 JONES RESEARCH 2975.00 MARTIN SALES 1250.00 BLAKE SALES 2850.00 CLARK ACCOUNTING 2450.00 SCOTT RESEARCH 4000.00 KING ACCOUNTING 5000.00 TURNER SALES 1500.00 ADAMS RESEARCH 1100.00 JAMES SALES 950.00 FORD RESEARCH 3000.00 MILLER ACCOUNTING 1300.00 EricHu ACCOUNTING 5500.00 huyong ACCOUNTING 5500.00 WANGJING ACCOUNTING 5500.00 17 rows selected
--------15．列出所有部门的详细信息和部门人数。--------- SQL> select a.deptno,a.dname,a.loc,(select count(deptno) from emp b where b.deptno=a.deptno group by b.deptno) as deptcount from dept a; DEPTNO DNAME LOC DEPTCOUNT ------ -------------- ------------- ---------- 10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK 6 20 RESEARCH DALLAS 5 30 SALES CHICAGO 6 40 OPERATIONS BOSTON 50 50abc 50def 60 Developer HaiKou 6 rows selected
--------16．列出各种工作的最低工资。--------- SQL> select job,avg(sal) from emp group by job; JOB AVG(SAL) --------- ---------- ANALYST 3500 CLERK 1037.5 Developer 5500 MANAGER 2758.33333 PM 5500 PRESIDENT 5000 SALESMAN 1400 7 rows selected
--------17．列出各个部门的MANAGER（经理）的最低薪金。-------- SQL> select deptno,min(sal) from emp where job='MANAGER' group by deptno; DEPTNO MIN(SAL) ------ ---------- 10 2450 20 2975 30 2850
--------18．列出所有员工的年工资,按年薪从低到高排序。--------- SQL> select ename,(sal+nvl(comm,0))*12 as salpersal from emp order by salpersal; ENAME SALPERSAL ---------- ---------- SMITH 9600 JAMES 11400 ADAMS 13200 MILLER 15600 TURNER 18000 WARD 21000 ALLEN 22800 CLARK 29400 MARTIN 31800 BLAKE 34200 JONES 35700 FORD 36000 SCOTT 48000 KING 60000 EricHu 66168 huyong 66168 WANGJING 66168 17 rows selected
本文使用的实例表结构与表的数据如下：
scott.emp员工表结构如下：
scott.dept部门表
scott.emp表的现有数据如下：
Scott.dept表的现有数据如下：
用SQL完成以下问题列表：
各试题解答如下（欢迎大家指出不同的方法或建议！）：
-------2. 找出EMP表员工名字中含有A 和N的员工姓名。---------- SQL> SELECT ENAME FROM SCOTT.EMP WHERE ENAME LIKE '%A%' AND ENAME LIKE '%N%'; ENAME ---------- ALLEN MARTIN WANGJING --------或-------- SQL> SELECT ENAME FROM SCOTT.EMP WHERE ENAME LIKE '%A%N%'; ENAME ---------- ALLEN MARTIN WANGJING
/*--------3. 找出所有有佣金的员工，列出姓名、工资、佣金，显示结果按工资从小到大， 佣金从大到小。----------*/ SQL> SELECT ENAME,SAL + COMM AS WAGE,COMM 2 FROM SCOTT.EMP 3 ORDER BY WAGE,COMM DESC; ENAME WAGE COMM ---------- ---------- --------- TURNER 1500 0.00 WARD 1750 500.00 ALLEN 1900 300.00 MARTIN 2650 1400.00 EricHu 5514 14.00 WANGJING 5514 14.00 huyong 5514 14.00 SMITH JONES JAMES MILLER FORD ADAMS BLAKE CLARK SCOTT KING 17 rows selected
-------4. 列出部门编号为20的所有职位。---------- SQL> SELECT DISTINCT JOB FROM EMP WHERE DEPTNO = 20; JOB --------- ANALYST CLERK MANAGER
-------5. 列出不属于SALES 的部门。---------- SQL> SELECT DISTINCT * FROM SCOTT.DEPT WHERE DNAME <> 'SALES'; DEPTNO DNAME LOC ------ -------------- ------------- 10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK 20 RESEARCH DALLAS 40 OPERATIONS BOSTON 50 50abc 50def 60 Developer HaiKou 110 信息科 海口 6 rows selected
--或者： SQL> SELECT DISTINCT * FROM SCOTT.DEPT WHERE DNAME != 'SALES'; SQL> SELECT DISTINCT * FROM SCOTT.DEPT WHERE DNAME NOT IN('SALES'); SQL> SELECT DISTINCT * FROM SCOTT.DEPT WHERE DNAME NOT LIKE 'SALES';
---6. 显示工资不在1000 到1500 之间的员工信息：名字、工资，按工资从大到小排序。--------- SQL> SELECT ENAME,SAL + COMM AS WAGE FROM SCOTT.EMP 2 WHERE SAL + COMM NOT BETWEEN 1000 AND 1500 3 ORDER BY WAGE DESC; ENAME WAGE ---------- ---------- EricHu 5514 huyong 5514 WANGJING 5514 MARTIN 2650 ALLEN 1900 WARD 1750 6 rows selected --或者 SQL> SELECT ENAME,SAL + COMM AS WAGE FROM SCOTT.EMP 2 WHERE SAL + COMM < 1000 OR SAL + COMM > 1500 3 ORDER BY WAGE DESC; ENAME WAGE ---------- ---------- EricHu 5514 huyong 5514 WANGJING 5514 MARTIN 2650 ALLEN 1900 WARD 1750 6 rows selected
/*----- 7. 显示职位为MANAGER 和SALESMAN，年薪在15000 和20000 之间的员工的信息：名字、职位、年薪。----------*/ SQL> SELECT ENAME 姓名,JOB 职位,(SAL + COMM) * 12 AS 年薪 2 FROM SCOTT.EMP 3 WHERE (SAL + COMM) * 12 BETWEEN 15000 AND 20000 4 AND JOB IN('MANAGER','SALESMAN'); 姓名 职位 年薪 ---------- --------- ---------- TURNER SALESMAN 18000
/*----- 8. 说明以下两条SQL语句的输出结果： SELECT EMPNO,COMM FROM EMP WHERE COMM IS NULL; SELECT EMPNO,COMM FROM EMP WHERE COMM = NULL; ----------*/ SQL> SELECT EMPNO,COMM FROM EMP WHERE COMM IS NULL; EMPNO COMM ----- --------- 7369 7566 7698 7782 7788 7839 7876 7900 7902 7934 10 rows selected
--------------------------------------------------------------- SQL> SELECT EMPNO,COMM FROM EMP WHERE COMM = NULL; EMPNO COMM ----- --------- --说明：IS NULL是判断某个字段是否为空，为空并不等价于为空字符串或为数字0； --而 =NULL 是判断某个值是否等于 NULL，NULL = NULL和NULL <> NULL都为 FALSE。 /*-----9. 让SELECT 语句的输出结果为 SELECT * FROM SALGRADE; SELECT * FROM BONUS; SELECT * FROM EMP; SELECT * FROM DEPT; …… 列出当前用户有多少张数据表，结果集中存在多少条记录。 ----------*/
SQL> SELECT 'SELECT * FROM '||TABLE_NAME||';' FROM USER_TABLES; 'SELECT*FROM'||TABLE_NAME||';' --------------------------------------------- SELECT * FROM BONUS; SELECT * FROM EMP; SELECT * FROM DEPT; --......等等，在此不列出。 ---10. 语句SELECT ENAME,SAL FROM EMP WHERE SAL > '1500'是否抱错？--------- SQL> SELECT ENAME,SAL FROM EMP WHERE SAL > '1500'; ENAME SAL ---------- --------- ALLEN 1600.00 JONES 2975.00 BLAKE 2850.00 CLARK 2450.00 SCOTT 4000.00 KING 5000.00 FORD 3000.00 EricHu 5500.00 huyong 5500.00 WANGJING 5500.00 10 rows selected SQL> SELECT ENAME,SAL FROM EMP WHERE SAL > 1500; ENAME SAL ---------- --------- ALLEN 1600.00 JONES 2975.00 BLAKE 2850.00 CLARK 2450.00 SCOTT 4000.00 KING 5000.00 FORD 3000.00 EricHu 5500.00 huyong 5500.00 WANGJING 5500.00 10 rows selected --说明不会抱错，这儿存在隐式数据类型的。
本文使用的实例表结构与表的数据如下：
scott.emp员工表结构如下：
scott.dept部门表
scott.emp表的现有数据如下：
Scott.dept表的现有数据如下：
用SQL完成以下问题列表：
各试题解答如下（欢迎大家指出不同的方法或建议！）：
-------2. 找出EMP表员工名字中含有A 和N的员工姓名。---------- SQL> SELECT ENAME FROM SCOTT.EMP WHERE ENAME LIKE '%A%' AND ENAME LIKE '%N%'; ENAME ---------- ALLEN MARTIN WANGJING --------或-------- SQL> SELECT ENAME FROM SCOTT.EMP WHERE ENAME LIKE '%A%N%'; ENAME ---------- ALLEN MARTIN WANGJING
/*--------3. 找出所有有佣金的员工，列出姓名、工资、佣金，显示结果按工资从小到大， 佣金从大到小。----------*/ SQL> SELECT ENAME,SAL + COMM AS WAGE,COMM 2 FROM SCOTT.EMP 3 ORDER BY WAGE,COMM DESC; ENAME WAGE COMM ---------- ---------- --------- TURNER 1500 0.00 WARD 1750 500.00 ALLEN 1900 300.00 MARTIN 2650 1400.00 EricHu 5514 14.00 WANGJING 5514 14.00 huyong 5514 14.00 SMITH JONES JAMES MILLER FORD ADAMS BLAKE CLARK SCOTT KING 17 rows selected
-------4. 列出部门编号为20的所有职位。---------- SQL> SELECT DISTINCT JOB FROM EMP WHERE DEPTNO = 20; JOB --------- ANALYST CLERK MANAGER
-------5. 列出不属于SALES 的部门。---------- SQL> SELECT DISTINCT * FROM SCOTT.DEPT WHERE DNAME <> 'SALES'; DEPTNO DNAME LOC ------ -------------- ------------- 10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK 20 RESEARCH DALLAS 40 OPERATIONS BOSTON 50 50abc 50def 60 Developer HaiKou 110 信息科 海口 6 rows selected
--或者： SQL> SELECT DISTINCT * FROM SCOTT.DEPT WHERE DNAME != 'SALES'; SQL> SELECT DISTINCT * FROM SCOTT.DEPT WHERE DNAME NOT IN('SALES'); SQL> SELECT DISTINCT * FROM SCOTT.DEPT WHERE DNAME NOT LIKE 'SALES';
---6. 显示工资不在1000 到1500 之间的员工信息：名字、工资，按工资从大到小排序。--------- SQL> SELECT ENAME,SAL + COMM AS WAGE FROM SCOTT.EMP 2 WHERE SAL + COMM NOT BETWEEN 1000 AND 1500 3 ORDER BY WAGE DESC; ENAME WAGE ---------- ---------- EricHu 5514 huyong 5514 WANGJING 5514 MARTIN 2650 ALLEN 1900 WARD 1750 6 rows selected --或者 SQL> SELECT ENAME,SAL + COMM AS WAGE FROM SCOTT.EMP 2 WHERE SAL + COMM < 1000 OR SAL + COMM > 1500 3 ORDER BY WAGE DESC; ENAME WAGE ---------- ---------- EricHu 5514 huyong 5514 WANGJING 5514 MARTIN 2650 ALLEN 1900 WARD 1750 6 rows selected
/*----- 7. 显示职位为MANAGER 和SALESMAN，年薪在15000 和20000 之间的员工的信息：名字、职位、年薪。----------*/ SQL> SELECT ENAME 姓名,JOB 职位,(SAL + COMM) * 12 AS 年薪 2 FROM SCOTT.EMP 3 WHERE (SAL + COMM) * 12 BETWEEN 15000 AND 20000 4 AND JOB IN('MANAGER','SALESMAN'); 姓名 职位 年薪 ---------- --------- ---------- TURNER SALESMAN 18000
/*----- 8. 说明以下两条SQL语句的输出结果： SELECT EMPNO,COMM FROM EMP WHERE COMM IS NULL; SELECT EMPNO,COMM FROM EMP WHERE COMM = NULL; ----------*/ SQL> SELECT EMPNO,COMM FROM EMP WHERE COMM IS NULL; EMPNO COMM ----- --------- 7369 7566 7698 7782 7788 7839 7876 7900 7902 7934 10 rows selected
--------------------------------------------------------------- SQL> SELECT EMPNO,COMM FROM EMP WHERE COMM = NULL; EMPNO COMM ----- --------- --说明：IS NULL是判断某个字段是否为空，为空并不等价于为空字符串或为数字0； --而 =NULL 是判断某个值是否等于 NULL，NULL = NULL和NULL <> NULL都为 FALSE。 /*-----9. 让SELECT 语句的输出结果为 SELECT * FROM SALGRADE; SELECT * FROM BONUS; SELECT * FROM EMP; SELECT * FROM DEPT; …… 列出当前用户有多少张数据表，结果集中存在多少条记录。 ----------*/
SQL> SELECT 'SELECT * FROM '||TABLE_NAME||';' FROM USER_TABLES; 'SELECT*FROM'||TABLE_NAME||';' --------------------------------------------- SELECT * FROM BONUS; SELECT * FROM EMP; SELECT * FROM DEPT; --......等等，在此不列出。 ---10. 语句SELECT ENAME,SAL FROM EMP WHERE SAL > '1500'是否抱错？--------- SQL> SELECT ENAME,SAL FROM EMP WHERE SAL > '1500'; ENAME SAL ---------- --------- ALLEN 1600.00 JONES 2975.00 BLAKE 2850.00 CLARK 2450.00 SCOTT 4000.00 KING 5000.00 FORD 3000.00 EricHu 5500.00 huyong 5500.00 WANGJING 5500.00 10 rows selected SQL> SELECT ENAME,SAL FROM EMP WHERE SAL > 1500; ENAME SAL ---------- --------- ALLEN 1600.00 JONES 2975.00 BLAKE 2850.00 CLARK 2450.00 SCOTT 4000.00 KING 5000.00 FORD 3000.00 EricHu 5500.00 huyong 5500.00 WANGJING 5500.00 10 rows selected --说明不会抱错，这儿存在隐式数据类型的。
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