T-SQL :SQL Server 定义数据完整性 5大约束

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1.首先创建一客户张表

IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.Employees', 'U') IS NOT NULL

  DROP TABLE dbo.Employees;


CREATE TABLE dbo.Employees

(

  empid     INT         NOT NULL,

  firstname VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,

  lastname  VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,

  hiredate  DATE        NOT NULL,

  mgrid     INT         NULL,

  ssn       VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,

  salary    MONEY       NOT NULL

);

2.主键约束


-- Primary key

ALTER TABLE dbo.Employees

  ADD CONSTRAINT PK_Employees

  PRIMARY KEY(empid);

  

对于主键约束后台将创建一个唯一索引,以物理机制强制逻辑的唯一性约束


3.唯一约束


-- Unique

ALTER TABLE dbo.Employees

  ADD CONSTRAINT UNQ_Employees_ssn

  UNIQUE(ssn);

4.外键约束 创建一张订单表 插入外键



IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.Orders', 'U') IS NOT NULL

  DROP TABLE dbo.Orders;


CREATE TABLE dbo.Orders

(

  orderid   INT         NOT NULL,

  empid     INT         NOT NULL,

  custid    VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,

  orderts   DATETIME2   NOT NULL,

  qty       INT         NOT NULL,

  CONSTRAINT PK_Orders

    PRIMARY KEY(orderid)

);


-- Foreign keys

ALTER TABLE dbo.Orders

  ADD CONSTRAINT FK_Orders_Employees

  FOREIGN KEY(empid)

  REFERENCES dbo.Employees(empid);


5.CHECK约束


-- Check

ALTER TABLE dbo.Employees

  ADD CONSTRAINT CHK_Employees_salary

  CHECK(salary > 0.00);


6.默认约束



-- Default

ALTER TABLE dbo.Orders

  ADD CONSTRAINT DFT_Orders_orderts

  DEFAULT(SYSDATETIME()) FOR orderts;


-- Cleanup

DROP TABLE dbo.Orders, dbo.Employees;



原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/hgmyz/p/12352016.html