c#中操作word文档-二、比较全的一份示例

最近两天研究了一下如何使用VS2008(C#语言)输出Word文档。以下是几点总结：

1、非常简单。

2、开发及运行环境要求。操作系统为：WindowsXP(安装.net framework2.0)/Vista/Win7；在操作系统必须安装Word2003完全安装版。这里必须要强调是Word2003完全安装版，因为软件开发及运行都需要一个com组件:Microsoft word 11.0 Object Library。如果不是Word2003完全安装版，可以下载这个com组件，并手动的安装这个com组件。下载地址为：http://www.microsoft.com/download/en/details.aspx?displaylang=en&id=20923，文件不大，只有4M左右。

3、C#工程设置。这里的工程设置，就是添加com组件。步骤为：在工程资源管理器中"添加引用"->"com"选项卡->在下拉列表中选Microsoft word 11.0 Object Library。ok了，看上去，跟添加一般的dll一样,但实际上vs2008在这个过程中完成一系列复杂的关于.net调用com组件的操作，不过，幸好我们不用管这个。

4、接下就是写代码了。在这里，使用Word的com对像，跟使用一般的非com对像一样，非常流畅，好像根本就不管它什么com不com的。为了使代码比较简洁，可以在源代码文件顶添加这样的一条语句：using Word = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word;

5、最好是对word对像模型有一定的了解，这样在写代码的时候就不会那么“迷茫”了。wore对像模型中有几个比较重要的对像，它们是Application、Document、Selection、Range、Bookmark，以及其它的一些对像,如:Paragraph、Section、Table等级。刚开始学的时候，感觉Selection、Range、Bookmark这几个对像有点迷惑人，Selection可能好理解，就是表示当前的选择区域，如果没有选择就表示光标所在位置。Range和Bookmark，其实在很多地方很像，不过也有一些区别，在这里就不多说了，google一下"word.Range"就行了。

6、在写代码的过程中，经常会想要实现的一些操作，但是由于对word对像不熟悉而不知怎么用代码实现。比如设置页眉、添加页码什么的，如果在Word程序里手动的操作当然很简单，但是要用代码来实现，对初学者来说就可能不那么容易了。遇到这种情况，一般有两种方法可以选择：一种是"百度/google法"，别一种，也是我所推荐的一种就是，利用Word的“录制宏”功能把想要实现的操作录成宏之后，再看宏里的代码，宏里的代码其实几乎就是你想要的代码了（只不过语法有一点不一样而已）。

7、以下给出一个示例，这个示例里面包括了一些常用的图、文、表、公式的编辑与排版以及页面设置、页眉、页码的操作，里面都有注释，写得很清楚。

  1 using System;
  2 using System.Collections.Generic;
  3 using System.ComponentModel;
  4 using System.Data;
  5 using System.Drawing;
  6 using System.Text;
  7 using Microsoft.Office.Interop;
  8 using Word = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word;
  9 using System.Runtime.InteropServices; 
 10 
 11 namespace WindowsFormsApplication1
 12 {
 13     public partial class Form1 :System.Windows.Forms. Form
 14     {
 15 
 16         [DllImport("shell32.dll ")]
 17         public static extern int ShellExecute(IntPtr hwnd, String lpszOp, String lpszFile, String lpszParams, String lpszDir, int FsShowCmd); 
 18         public Form1()
 19         {
 20             InitializeComponent();
 21         }
 22 
 23         private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
 24         {
 25             //新建文档
 26            // Word.Application newapp = new Word.Application();//用这句也能初始化
 27             Word.Application newapp = new Word.ApplicationClass();
 28             Word.Document newdoc;
 29             object nothing=System.Reflection.Missing.Value;//用于作为函数的默认参数
 30             newdoc = newapp.Documents.Add(ref nothing, ref nothing, ref nothing, ref nothing);//生成一个word文档
 31             newapp.Visible = true ;//是否显示word程序界面
 32 
 33             //页面设置
 34             //newdoc.PageSetup.Orientation = Word.WdOrientation.wdOrientLandscape ;
 35             //newdoc.PageSetup.PageWidth = newapp.CentimetersToPoints(21.0f);
 36             //newdoc.PageSetup.PageHeight = newapp.CentimetersToPoints(29.7f);
 37             newdoc.PageSetup.PaperSize = Word.WdPaperSize.wdPaperA4;
 38             newdoc.PageSetup.Orientation = Word.WdOrientation.wdOrientPortrait;
 39             newdoc.PageSetup.TopMargin = 57.0f;
 40             newdoc.PageSetup.BottomMargin = 57.0f;
 41             newdoc.PageSetup.LeftMargin = 57.0f;
 42             newdoc.PageSetup.RightMargin = 57.0f;
 43             newdoc.PageSetup.HeaderDistance = 30.0f;//页眉位置
 44 
 45             //设置页眉
 46             newapp.ActiveWindow.View.Type = Word.WdViewType.wdOutlineView;//视图样式。
 47             newapp.ActiveWindow.View.SeekView = Word.WdSeekView.wdSeekPrimaryHeader;//进入页眉设置，其中页眉边距在页面设置中已完成
 48             newapp.Selection.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphRight;
 49             //插入页眉图片
 50             string headerfile = "d:\header.jpg";
 51             this.outpicture(headerfile, Properties.Resources.header);
 52             Word.InlineShape shape1= newapp.ActiveWindow.ActivePane.Selection.InlineShapes.AddPicture(headerfile, ref nothing, ref nothing, ref nothing);
 53             shape1.Height = 30;
 54             shape1.Width = 80;
 55             newapp.ActiveWindow.ActivePane.Selection.InsertAfter("中建东北院");
 56             //去掉页眉的那条横线
 57             newapp.ActiveWindow.ActivePane.Selection.ParagraphFormat.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderBottom].LineStyle = Word.WdLineStyle.wdLineStyleNone;
 58             newapp.ActiveWindow.ActivePane.Selection.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderBottom].Visible = false;
 59             newapp.ActiveWindow.ActivePane.View.SeekView = Word.WdSeekView.wdSeekMainDocument;//退出页眉设置
 60 
 61             //添加页码
 62             Word.PageNumbers pns= newapp.Selection.Sections[1].Headers[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdHeaderFooterIndex.wdHeaderFooterEvenPages].PageNumbers;
 63             pns.NumberStyle = Word.WdPageNumberStyle.wdPageNumberStyleNumberInDash;
 64             pns.HeadingLevelForChapter = 0;
 65             pns.IncludeChapterNumber = false;
 66             pns.ChapterPageSeparator = Word.WdSeparatorType.wdSeparatorHyphen;
 67             pns.RestartNumberingAtSection = false;
 68             pns.StartingNumber = 0;
 69             object pagenmbetal=Word.WdPageNumberAlignment.wdAlignPageNumberCenter;
 70             object first=true; 
 71             newapp.Selection.Sections[1].Footers[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdHeaderFooterIndex.wdHeaderFooterEvenPages ].PageNumbers.Add(ref pagenmbetal, ref first);
 72 
 73             //文字设置(Selection表示当前选择集，如果当前没有选择对像，则指对光标所在处进行设置)
 74             newapp.Selection.Font.Size = 14;
 75             newapp.Selection.Font.Bold = 0;
 76             newapp.Selection.Font.Color = Word.WdColor.wdColorBlack;
 77             newapp.Selection.Font.Name = "宋体";
 78 
 79             //段落设置
 80             newapp.Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingRule = Word.WdLineSpacing.wdLineSpaceExactly;
 81             newapp.Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacing = 20;
 82             newapp.Selection.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphLeft;
 83             newapp.Selection.ParagraphFormat.FirstLineIndent = 30;
 84             newdoc.Content.InsertAfter( WindowsFormsApplication1.Properties.Resources.PreViewWords);
 85            
 86             
 87 
 88             //插入公式
 89             object oEndOfDoc="\endofdoc";
 90             Word.Range rang1 = newdoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;
 91             object fieldType = Word.WdFieldType.wdFieldEmpty;
 92             object formula = @"eq i(a,b,ξxdx)";
 93             object presrveFormatting = false;
 94             rang1.Text = formula.ToString();
 95             rang1.Font.Size = 14;
 96             rang1.Font.Bold = 0;
 97             rang1.Font.Subscript = 0;
 98             rang1.Font.Color = Word.WdColor.wdColorBlue;
 99             rang1.Font.Name = "宋体";
100             rang1.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingRule = Word.WdLineSpacing.wdLineSpaceSingle;
101             rang1.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphRight;
102             newdoc.Fields.Add(rang1, ref fieldType, ref formula, ref presrveFormatting);
103 
104             //将文档的前三个字替换成"asdfasdf"，并将其颜色设为蓝色
105             object start=0;
106             object end=3;
107             Word.Range rang2 = newdoc.Range(ref start, ref end);
108             rang2.Font.Color = Word.WdColor.wdColorBlue;
109             rang2.Text = "as签";
110 
111             //将文档开头的"as"替换成"袁波"
112             rang1.Start = 0;
113             rang1.End = 2;
114             rang1.Text = "这是一个";
115             rang1.InsertAfter("书");
116             //rang1.Select();
117             object codirection = Word.WdCollapseDirection.wdCollapseStart;
118             rang1.Collapse(ref codirection);//将rang1的起点和终点都定于起点或终点
119 
120             //对前三个字符进行加粗
121             newdoc.Range(ref start, ref end).Bold = 1;
122             object rang = rang2;
123             newdoc.Bookmarks.Add("yb",ref rang);
124             
125             
126             object unite = Word.WdUnits.wdStory;
127             newapp.Selection.EndKey(ref unite, ref nothing);//将光标移至文末
128             newapp.Selection.Font.Size = 10;
129             newapp.Selection.TypeText("...............................(式1)
");
130 
131 
132             //插入图片
133             newapp.Selection.EndKey(ref unite, ref nothing);//将光标移至文末
134             //newapp.Selection.HomeKey(ref unite, ref nothing);//将光标移至文开头
135             newapp.Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingRule = Word.WdLineSpacing.wdLineSpaceSingle;
136             newapp.Selection.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphCenter;
137             object LinkToFile = false;
138             object SaveWithDocument = true;
139             object Anchor = newapp.Selection.Range;
140             string picname = "d:\kk.jpg";
141             this.outpicture(picname, Properties.Resources.IMG_2169);
142             newdoc.InlineShapes.AddPicture(picname, ref LinkToFile, ref SaveWithDocument, ref Anchor);
143             newdoc.InlineShapes[1].Height = 200;
144             newdoc.InlineShapes[1].Width = 200;
145             newdoc.Content.InsertAfter("
");
146             newapp.Selection.EndKey(ref unite, ref nothing);//将光标移至文末
147             newapp.Selection.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphCenter;
148             newapp.Selection.Font.Size = 10;
149             newapp.Selection.TypeText("图1  袁冶
");
150             newapp.Selection.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphRight;
151             newdoc.Content.InsertAfter("
"); 
152             newdoc.Content.InsertAfter("
");
153 
154             //用这种方式也可以插入公式，并且这种方法更简单
155             newapp.Selection.Font.Size = 14;
156             newapp.Selection.InsertFormula(ref formula, ref nothing);
157             newapp.Selection.Font.Size = 10;
158             newapp.Selection.TypeText("..............................(式2)
");
159             newapp.Selection.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphCenter;
160             newapp.Selection.TypeText("表1  电子产品
");
161 
162             //插入表格
163             Word.Table table1 = newdoc.Tables.Add(newapp.Selection.Range, 4, 3, ref nothing, ref nothing);
164             newdoc.Tables[1].Cell(1, 1).Range.Text = "产品
项目";
165             newdoc.Tables[1].Cell(1, 2).Range.Text = "电脑";
166             newdoc.Tables[1].Cell(1, 3).Range.Text = "手机";
167             newdoc.Tables[1].Cell(2, 1).Range.Text = "重量(kg)";
168             newdoc.Tables[1].Cell(3, 1).Range.Text = "价格(元)";
169             newdoc.Tables[1].Cell(4, 1).Range.Text = "共同信息";
170             newdoc.Tables[1].Cell(4, 2).Range.Text = "信息A";
171             newdoc.Tables[1].Cell(4,3).Range.Text = "信息B";
172             
173 
174             table1.Select();
175             table1.Rows.Alignment = Word.WdRowAlignment.wdAlignRowCenter;//整个表格居中
176             newapp.Selection.Cells.VerticalAlignment = Word.WdCellVerticalAlignment.wdCellAlignVerticalCenter;
177             newapp.Selection.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphCenter;
178             newapp.Selection.Cells.HeightRule = Word.WdRowHeightRule.wdRowHeightExactly;
179             newapp.Selection.Cells.Height = 40;
180             table1.Rows[2].Height = 20;
181             table1.Rows[3].Height = 20;
182             table1.Rows[4].Height = 20;
183             table1.Range.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphCenter;
184             newapp.Selection.Cells.Width=150;
185             table1.Columns[1].Width = 75;
186             table1.Cell(1, 1).Range.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphRight;
187             table1.Cell(1, 1).Range.Paragraphs[2].Format.Alignment = Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphLeft;
188 
189             
190             
191 
192             //表头斜线
193             table1.Cell(1, 1).Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderDiagonalDown ].Visible = true;
194             table1.Cell(1, 1).Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderDiagonalDown].Color = Word.WdColor.wdColorGreen;
195             table1.Cell(1, 1).Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderDiagonalDown].LineWidth = Word.WdLineWidth.wdLineWidth050pt;
196 
197             //表格边框
198             table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderHorizontal ].Visible = true;
199             table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderHorizontal].Color = Word.WdColor.wdColorGreen;
200             table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderHorizontal].LineWidth = Word.WdLineWidth.wdLineWidth050pt;
201 
202             table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderVertical].Visible = true;
203             table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderVertical].Color = Word.WdColor.wdColorGreen;
204             table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderVertical].LineWidth = Word.WdLineWidth.wdLineWidth050pt;
205 
206             table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderLeft].Visible = true;
207             table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderLeft].Color = Word.WdColor.wdColorGreen;
208             table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderLeft].LineWidth = Word.WdLineWidth.wdLineWidth050pt;
209             table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderLeft].LineStyle = Word.WdLineStyle.wdLineStyleDoubleWavy;
210 
211             table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderRight].Visible = true;
212             table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderRight].Color = Word.WdColor.wdColorGreen;
213             table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderRight].LineWidth = Word.WdLineWidth.wdLineWidth050pt;
214             table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderRight].LineStyle = Word.WdLineStyle.wdLineStyleDoubleWavy;
215 
216             table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderBottom ].Visible = true;
217             table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderBottom].Color = Word.WdColor.wdColorGreen;
218             table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderBottom].LineWidth = Word.WdLineWidth.wdLineWidth050pt;
219             table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderBottom].LineStyle = Word.WdLineStyle.wdLineStyleDouble;
220 
221             table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderTop ].Visible = true;
222             table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderTop].Color = Word.WdColor.wdColorGreen;
223             table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderTop].LineWidth = Word.WdLineWidth.wdLineWidth050pt;
224             table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderTop].LineStyle = Word.WdLineStyle.wdLineStyleDouble;
225 
226             //合并单元格
227             newdoc.Tables[1].Cell(4, 2).Merge(table1.Cell(4, 3));
228 
229             //删除图片
230             this.delpictfile(headerfile);
231             this.delpictfile(picname);
232 
233 
234             //保存文档
235             object name = "c:\yb3.doc";
236             newdoc.SaveAs(ref name, ref nothing, ref nothing, ref nothing, ref nothing, ref nothing, ref nothing,
237                           ref nothing, ref nothing, ref nothing, ref nothing, ref nothing, ref nothing, ref nothing,
238                           ref nothing, ref nothing);
239             
240             //关闭文档
241             object saveOption = Word.WdSaveOptions.wdDoNotSaveChanges;
242             newdoc.Close(ref nothing , ref nothing, ref nothing);
243             newapp.Application.Quit(ref saveOption, ref nothing, ref nothing);
244             newdoc = null;
245            newapp = null;
246            ShellExecute(IntPtr.Zero, "open", "c:\yb3.doc", "", "", 3);
247         }
248 
249         private void outpicture(string filename,System.Drawing.Bitmap bmap)
250         {
251             bmap.Save(filename);
252         }
253 
254         private void delpictfile(string filename)
255         {
256             System.IO.File.Delete(filename);
257         }
258       
259     }
260 
261 }

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