spring的元注解

Spring的元注解:注解上的注解。

1.@Target(ElementType.TYPE)

使用java.lang.annotation.Target可以定义其使用时机,在定义时要时要指定java.lang.annotaton.ElementType的枚举值之一。

@Documented
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.ANNOTATION_TYPE)
public @interface Target {
    /**
     * Returns an array of the kinds of elements an annotation type
     * can be applied to.
     * @return an array of the kinds of elements an annotation type
     * can be applied to
     */
    ElementType[] value();
}

下面看一下ElementType:

public enum ElementType {
    /** Class, interface (including annotation type), or enum declaration */
    TYPE,

    /** Field declaration (includes enum constants) */
    FIELD,

    /** Method declaration */
    METHOD,

    /** Formal parameter declaration */
    PARAMETER,

    /** Constructor declaration */
    CONSTRUCTOR,

    /** Local variable declaration */
    LOCAL_VARIABLE,

    /** Annotation type declaration */
    ANNOTATION_TYPE,

    /** Package declaration */
    PACKAGE,

    /**
     * Type parameter declaration
     *
     * @since 1.8
     */
    TYPE_PARAMETER,

    /**
     * Use of a type
     *
     * @since 1.8
     */
    TYPE_USE
}

ANNOTATION_TYPE: 注解只能修饰注解,不能修饰其他的东西

CONSTRUCTOR: 注解只能修饰构造方法

FIELD: 注解只能修饰属性(成员变量)

LOCAL_VARIABLE: 注解只能修饰局部变量

METHOD: 注解只能修饰方法

PACKAGE: 注解只能修饰包

PARAMETER: 注解只能修饰方法的参数

TYPE: 注解只能修饰类、接口、枚举

2.@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)

@Documented
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.ANNOTATION_TYPE)
public @interface Retention {
    /**
     * Returns the retention policy.
     * @return the retention policy
     */
    RetentionPolicy value();
}

下面看一下RetentionPolicy:

public enum RetentionPolicy {
    /**
     * Annotations are to be discarded by the compiler.
     */
    SOURCE,

    /**
     * Annotations are to be recorded in the class file by the compiler
     * but need not be retained by the VM at run time.  This is the default
     * behavior.
     */
    CLASS,

    /**
     * Annotations are to be recorded in the class file by the compiler and
     * retained by the VM at run time, so they may be read reflectively.
     *
     * @see java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement
     */
    RUNTIME
}
SOURCE:编译程序处理完Annotation信息后就完成任务,编译时忽略
CLASS:编译程序将Annotation存储于class档中,JVM忽略
RUNTIME:编译程序将Annotation储存于class档中,可由VM使用反射机制的代码所读取和使用。

3.Documented
Documented 注解表明这个注解应该被 javadoc工具记录. 默认情况下,javadoc是不包括注解的. 但如果声明注解时指定了 @Documented,则它会被 javadoc 之类的工具处理, 所以注解类型信息也会被包括在生成的文档中。
@Documented
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.ANNOTATION_TYPE)
public @interface Documented {
}

4.@Inherited

这是一个稍微复杂的注解类型. 它指明被注解的类会自动继承. 更具体地说,如果定义注解时使用了 @Inherited 标记,然后用定义的注解来标注另一个父类, 父类又有一个子类(subclass),则父类的所有属性将被继承到它的子类中.
@Documented
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.ANNOTATION_TYPE)
public @interface Inherited {
}




原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/heqiyoujing/p/12995522.html