Filter案例

1、有选择的被访问

　　描述：首先若用户没有在页面提交注册（直接访问list.jsp），就只能被允许访问a.jsp。其他页面均不被允许访问

在login.jsp提交信息之后，可以在b.jsp访问，

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代码如下：

创建留个页面（login.jsp、list.jsp、a.jsp、b.jsp、c.jsp、d.jsp），这里就不写了，可以参考全部代码（在本文的最后面有链接）

创建Logservlet去处理登入后的逻辑处理

package com.gqx.login;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class LogServlet extends HttpServlet {
	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		String name=request.getParameter("user");
		
		if (name!=null && name!="") {
			request.getSession().setAttribute("user", name);
			response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/login/list.jsp");
		}else {
			response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/login/login.jsp");
		}
		
	}

	
	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		this.doGet(request, response);
	}

}

然后是最重要的Filter过滤器了，这里对权限的设置实在web.xml里面配置实现的，如下

<!-- 用户信息放入到session中的关键字 -->
	<context-param>
		<param-name>userSession</param-name>
		<param-value>USERSISSION</param-value>
	</context-param>
	<!-- 未登入，需重定向的页面 -->
	<context-param>
		<param-name>rediretPage</param-name>
		<param-value>/login/login.jsp</param-value>
	</context-param>
	<!-- 不需要拦截或检查的url，可以被外界直接访问的-->
	<context-param>
		<param-name>uncheckedUrl</param-name>
		<param-value>/login/a.jsp,/login/list.jsp,/login/login.jsp,/LogServlet</param-value>
	</context-param>
	
	<filter>
		<filter-name>LoginFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>com.gqx.login.LoginFilter</filter-class>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>LoginFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/login/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>

接着是根据xml里面的配置去做有选择性的去做过滤

package com.gqx.login;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

import javax.jms.Session;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class LoginFilter implements Filter {
	
	private String userSession;
	private String rediretPage;
	private String uncheckedUrl;
	
	@Override
	public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		ServletContext servletContext=arg0.getServletContext();
		
		userSession=servletContext.getInitParameter("userSession");
		rediretPage=servletContext.getInitParameter("rediretPage");
		uncheckedUrl=servletContext.getInitParameter("uncheckedUrl");
	}

	@Override
	public void destroy() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void doFilter(ServletRequest arg0, ServletResponse arg1,
			FilterChain arg2) throws IOException, ServletException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		HttpServletRequest request=(HttpServletRequest)arg0;
		HttpServletResponse response=(HttpServletResponse)arg1;
		
		//1、获取来的请求的URL
		String requestUrl=request.getRequestURL().toString();	// http://localhost:8080/FilterDemo/login/login.jsp
		String requestUri=request.getRequestURI().toString();// /FilterDemo/login/login.jsp
		String  servletPath=request.getServletPath();// /login/login.jsp

		//2、检查1获取的servletPath是否为不需要检查的URL中的而一个
		List<String> urls=Arrays.asList(uncheckedUrl.split(","));
		if (urls.contains(servletPath)) {
			arg2.doFilter(request, response);
			return;
		}
		
		//3、从session中获取userSession，判断值是否存在
		Object user=request.getSession().getAttribute("user");
		
		if (user==null) {
			response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+rediretPage);
			return;
		}
		
		//4、存在，就允许访问
		arg2.doFilter(request, response);
	}

	

}

根据以上的代码就可以实现那些功能了。

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（2）、管理权限的去访问

 问题描述：通过设置允许用户去访问某些页面，若设置某用户可以访问某些页面，提交之后，去登入，在列表页根据用户的权限去及时的反应。（由于没有存数据库，本地自己自己认为的加上了两个用户AAA和BBB）

 

权限修改之后，提交，再去login.jsp去访问，输入用户，便可以去访问相对应权限的文章

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实现代码

（1）、首先两个javaBean。User（用于管理其对应的名字和所有的权限）和Authority类（每一个权限以及他的url，通过url去访问其文章）。 

package com.gqx.demo1;

import java.util.List;
// 封装用户信息: User
public class User {
	private String username;
	private List<Authority> authorities;

	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}

	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}

	public List<Authority> getAuthorities() {
		return authorities;
	}

	public void setAuthorities(List<Authority> authorities) {
		this.authorities = authorities;
	}

	public User(String username, List<Authority> authorities) {
		super();
		this.username = username;
		this.authorities = authorities;
	}

	public User() {
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
}

package com.gqx.demo1;

public class Authority {

	//显示到页面上的权限的名字
	private String displayName;
	
	//权限对应的 URL 地址: 已权限对应着一个 URL, 例如 Article-1 -> /article-1.jsp
	private String url;

	public String getDisplayName() {
		return displayName;
	}

	public void setDisplayName(String displayName) {
		this.displayName = displayName;
	}

	public String getUrl() {
		return url;
	}

	public void setUrl(String url) {
		this.url = url;
	}

	public Authority(String displayName, String url) {
		super();
		this.displayName = displayName;
		this.url = url;
	}

	public Authority() {
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}

	@Override
	public int hashCode() {
		final int prime = 31;
		int result = 1;
		result = prime * result + ((url == null) ? 0 : url.hashCode());
		return result;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean equals(Object obj) {
		if (this == obj)
			return true;
		if (obj == null)
			return false;
		if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
			return false;
		Authority other = (Authority) obj;
		if (url == null) {
			if (other.url != null)
				return false;
		} else if (!url.equals(other.url))
			return false;
		return true;
	}
	
	
}

用户权限的管理（UserDao）

package com.gqx.demo1;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
//用户的权限管理，获取和修改操作
public class UserDao {
	private static Map<String, User> users;    //用户所有的权限
	private static List<Authority> authorities =null;	//权限的种类
	
	static{
		//在authorities中一共有多少种权限
		authorities=new ArrayList<Authority>();
		authorities.add(new Authority("Article-1", "/article-1.jsp"));
		authorities.add(new Authority("Article-2", "/article-2.jsp"));
		authorities.add(new Authority("Article-3", "/article-3.jsp"));
		authorities.add(new Authority("Article-4", "/article-4.jsp"));
		
		users=new HashMap<String, User>();
		User user1=new User("AAA",authorities.subList(0, 2)); //sublist:左闭右关
		users.put("AAA", user1);
		User user2=new User("BBB",authorities.subList(2,4)); //sublist:左闭右关
		users.put("BBB", user2);
	}
	
	//获取用户的全部信息
	User get(String username){
		return users.get(username); 
	}
	//修改用户的信息
	void update(String name,List<Authority> authorities){
		users.get(name).setAuthorities(authorities);
	}
	
	//获取所有的Authorities(一共有多少种authority)
	public static List<Authority> getAuthorities() {
		return authorities;
	}
	
	public List<Authority> getAuthorities(String[] urls) {
		List<Authority> authorities2 = new ArrayList<>();
		
		for(Authority authority: authorities){
			if(urls != null){
				for(String url: urls){
					if(url.equals(authority.getUrl())){
						authorities2.add(authority);
					}
				}
			}			
		}
		
		return authorities2;
	}
	
	
}

 还有两个servlet，第一个是处理用户权限的访问（显示登入者所有的权限）以及修改其对应的权限

package com.gqx.demo1;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class AuthorityServlet extends HttpServlet {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	
	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		String methodName=request.getParameter("method");
		//为了让一个servlet响应多个请求，这里可以使用反射
		try {
			Method method=getClass().getMethod(methodName, HttpServletRequest.class,HttpServletResponse.class);
			method.invoke(this, request,response); 
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		this.doGet(request, response);
	}
	
	private UserDao userDao=new UserDao();
	//获取用户所有的信息
	public void getAuthorities(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		String userName=request.getParameter("username");
		User user =userDao.get(userName);
		request.setAttribute("user", user);
		request.setAttribute("authorities", userDao.getAuthorities());
		request.getRequestDispatcher("/authority-manager.jsp").forward(request, response);
	}
							
	public void updateAuthority(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		String username = request.getParameter("username");
	
			String [] authorities = request.getParameterValues("authority");
			List<Authority> authorityList = userDao.getAuthorities(authorities);
			
			userDao.update(username, authorityList);
			response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/authority-manager.jsp");
		
	}
	
}

另一个是登入的servlet（主要是完成登入和注销的功能）

package com.gqx.demo1;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		String methodName=request.getParameter("method");
		//为了让一个servlet响应多个请求，这里可以使用反射
		try {
			Method method=getClass().getMethod(methodName, HttpServletRequest.class,HttpServletResponse.class);
			method.invoke(this, request,response); 
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		this.doGet(request, response);
	}
	
	private UserDao userDao=new UserDao();
	public void login(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		//1、获取用户的username
		String name=request.getParameter("name");
		//2、调用userDao获取信息，把用户信息放入到session中，
		User user=userDao.get(name);
		request.getSession().setAttribute("user", user);
		//3、重定向到article.jsp
		response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/articles.jsp");
	}
	
	public void logout(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
			//1. 获取 HttpSession
		
				//2. 使 HttpSession 失效
				request.getSession().invalidate();
				
				//3. 重定向到 /loign.jsp
				response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/login.jsp");
	}

}

最后是最重要的过滤器了，指定了哪些情况下是可以去访问哪些资源的，以及如何处理没有权限的访问。这里如果没有权限，则会统一去到一个页面（403.jsp）。

package com.gqx.demo1;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class AuthorityFilter implements Filter {

	@Override
	public void destroy() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void doFilter(ServletRequest arg0, ServletResponse arg1,
			FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		HttpServletRequest request=(HttpServletRequest)arg0;
		HttpServletResponse response=(HttpServletResponse)arg1;
//		- 获取 servletPath, 类似于 /app_3/article1.jsp
		String servletPath = request.getServletPath();
		
		//不需要被拦截的 url 列表. 
		List<String> uncheckedUrls = Arrays.asList("/403.jsp", "/articles.jsp", 
				"/authority-manager.jsp", "/login.jsp", "/logout.jsp");
		
		if(uncheckedUrls.contains(servletPath)){
			filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
			return;
		}
		
//		- 在用户已经登录(可使用 用户是否登录 的过滤器)的情况下, 获取用户信息. session.getAttribute("user")
		User user = (User)request.getSession().getAttribute("user");
		if(user == null){
			response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/login.jsp");
			return;
		}
		
//		- 再获取用户所具有的权限的信息: List<Authority>
		List<Authority> authorities = user.getAuthorities();
		
		// - 检验用户是否有请求 servletPath 的权限: 可以思考除了遍历以外, 有没有更好的实现方式
		Authority authority = new Authority(null, servletPath);
		// - 若有权限则: 响应
		if (authorities.contains(authority)) {
			filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
			return;
		}
		
//		- 若没有权限: 重定向到 403.jsp 
		response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/403.jsp");
		return;
	
	}

	@Override
	public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

}

其他的html代码，在文中最后部分有下载

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代码下载