Linux操作、hadoop和sh脚本小结

近期一直在忙项目上的事情，今天对以前的工作做一个简单的小结。明天就是国庆节啦。

1  脚本可以手动执行，可是crontab缺总是找不到路径？

#!/bin/bash
. /etc/profile
. /home/sms/.bash_profile

请在脚本中加入 本机的环境变量和用户的环境变量的配置

2 config.ini文件总是出现乱码，导致读入的数据莫名其妙？

更改config的编码为ANSI, UTF-8不一定是更好的选择。

3 logback.xml配置不起作用

可能是pom文件引入jar文件相互之间有屏蔽的影响。把logback依赖的文件放入到前面试试。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
    <appender name="FILE-THREAD" class="ch.qos.logback.classic.sift.SiftingAppender">
        <discriminator>
            <key>logname</key>
            <defaultValue>rdjklog</defaultValue>
        </discriminator>
        <sift>
            <appender name="FILE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
                <file>${logname}.log</file>

                <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.FixedWindowRollingPolicy">
                    <fileNamePattern>${logname}.log.%i</fileNamePattern>
                    <minIndex>1</minIndex>
                    <maxIndex>10</maxIndex>
                </rollingPolicy>

                <triggeringPolicy
                        class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy">
                    <maxFileSize>10MB</maxFileSize>
                </triggeringPolicy>

                <!-- encoders are assigned the type
             ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder by default -->
                <encoder>
                    <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n</pattern>
                </encoder>
            </appender>

        </sift>
    </appender>

    <root level="debug">
        <appender-ref ref="FILE-THREAD"/>
    </root>
</configuration>
logback文件-样例

4 SVN提交总是冲突，是不是没有update

在操纵之前update源码，确保代码是最新的版本。

5 crontab 运行脚本是一个好的选择吗？

#!/bin/bash

# KpiAggregator run script(mainly for crontab)
# author: Alfred
# created: 2015/08/31
# history:
#   2015/08/31 - add sourcing /etc/profile and ~/.bash_profile to solve crontab env problem

. /etc/profile
. /home/sms/.bash_profile

v_dir=$(dirname $0)
v_basename=$(basename $0 .sh)
v_logname=${v_dir}/${v_basename}

# parameters
v_topo_index=$(echo $v_basename | awk -F'_' '{print $3}')
v_redis_url=$(grep "^${v_topo_index}.redis.url" $v_dir/config.ini | awk -F '=' '{print $2}' | head -1)
v_db_driver=$(grep "^${v_topo_index}.db.driver" $v_dir/config.ini | awk -F '=' '{print $2}' | head -1)
v_db_url=$(grep "^${v_topo_index}.db.url" $v_dir/config.ini | awk -F '=' '{print $2}' | head -1)
v_db_user=$(grep "^${v_topo_index}.db.user" $v_dir/config.ini | awk -F '=' '{print $2}' | head -1)
v_db_password=$(grep "^${v_topo_index}.db.password" $v_dir/config.ini | awk -F '=' '{print $2}' | head -1)
v_monitor_time=$(grep "^${v_topo_index}.monitor.time" $v_dir/config.ini | awk -F '=' '{print $2}' | head -1)
v_monitor_timedis=$(grep "^${v_topo_index}.monitor.timedis" $v_dir/config.ini | awk -F '=' '{print $2}' | head -1)
v_monitor_timeDistrict=$(grep "^${v_topo_index}.monitor.timeDistrict" $v_dir/config.ini | awk -F '=' '{print $2}' | head -1)
v_monitor_sender=$(grep "^${v_topo_index}.monitor.sender" $v_dir/config.ini | awk -F '=' '{print $2}' | head -1)
v_monitor_smtpHost=$(grep "^${v_topo_index}.monitor.smtpHost" $v_dir/config.ini | awk -F '=' '{print $2}' | head -1)
v_monitor_user=$(grep "^${v_topo_index}.monitor.user" $v_dir/config.ini | awk -F '=' '{print $2}' | head -1)
v_monitor_password=$(grep "^${v_topo_index}.monitor.password" $v_dir/config.ini | awk -F '=' '{print $2}' | head -1)
v_monitor_mailtitle=$(grep "^${v_topo_index}.monitor.mailtitle" $v_dir/config.ini | awk -F '=' '{print $2}' | head -1)
v_monitor_dirfielCount=$(grep "^${v_topo_index}.monitor.dirfielCount" $v_dir/config.ini | awk -F '=' '{print $2}' | head -1)
v_kloader_indir=$(grep "^${v_topo_index}.kloader.indir" $v_dir/config.ini | awk -F '=' '{print $2}' | head -1)
echo $
nohup java -cp $v_dir/../lib/log4j-1.2.9.jar:$(ls $v_dir/../jar/rta-*-with-dependencies.jar) DataMonitor redis.url=${v_redis_url} topo.index=${v_topo_index} db.driver=${v_db_driver} db.url=${v_db_url} db.user=${v_db_user} db.password=${v_db_password} monitor.time=${v_monitor_time} monitor.timedis=${v_monitor_timedis} monitor.timeDistrict=${v_monitor_timeDistrict} monitor.sender=${v_monitor_sender} monitor.smtpHost=${v_monitor_smtpHost} monitor.user=${v_monitor_user} monitor.password=${v_monitor_password} monitor.mailtitle=${v_monitor_mailtitle} monitor.dirfielCount=${v_monitor_dirfielCount} kloader.indir=${v_kloader_indir} logname=${v_logname} &
例子1
#!/bin/bash

. ~/.bash_profile

#外部JAR包引用

MY_LIB_PATH=/home/utxt/software/zdgh/SmsApplication_GG/lib

#定义通道数量
number='9'

#程序工作路径
work_path=/home/utxt/software/zdgh/SmsApplication_GG/bin


CLASSPATH=.:$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$MY_LIB_PATH/msutil.jar:$MY_LIB_PATH/msbase.jar:$MY_LIB_PATH/ojdbc14.jar:$MY_LIB_PATH/commons-pool-1.5.4.jar:$MY_LIB_PATH/commons-dbcp-1.2.2.jar:$MY_LIB_PATH/c3p0-0.9.1.jar:$MY_LIB_PATH/spring-2.5.5.jar:$MY_LIB_PATH/commons-logging.jar:$MY_LIB_PATH/commons-io-1.3.1.jar:$MY_LIB_PATH/commons-lang-2.2.jar:$MY_LIB_PATH/log4j-1.2.13.jar:$MY_LIB_PATH/commons-collections-2.1.1.jar:$MY_LIB_PATH/cglib-src-2.2.jar

export LANG="zh_CN.GBK"

PROC_DESC="CMPP网关短信下发程序"

is_proc_run(){
  result=`ps -ef| grep -P "CmppStart $i " | grep -v grep | wc -l`
  if [ "$result" -eq "0" ]; then
    return 0
  else 
    return 1
  fi
}

start(){
  for ((i=0;i<number;i=i+1))
  do
    is_proc_run $i
    #echo "$?"
    if [ "$?" -eq "1" ]; then
      echo "The Process is Exists"
      echo "$PROC_DESC 通道【$i】---->已运行" 
    else
      
      cd $work_path
      nohup java com.witsky.sms.cmpp.app.proc.CmppStart $i  -server -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps -XX:+PrintGCDetails -Xmx512m -Xms512m -Xmn512m -XX:PermSize=128m -Xss256k -XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=31 -XX:+DisableExplicitGC -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -XX:+UseParNewGC  -XX:+CMSParallelRemarkEnabled -XX:+UseCMSCompactAtFullCollection -XX:LargePageSizeInBytes=256m  -XX:+UseFastAccessorMethods  >/dev/null 2>&1 &
      sleep 1
  
      cmppid=`ps -ef|grep " com.witsky.sms.cmpp.app.proc.CmppStart $i " | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}'`
      if [ -n "$cmppid" ]; then
        echo "$i process spid is $cmppid"
        echo "$PROC_DESC [$i]通道进程号[$cmppid]"
      else
        echo "$i Process spid is not exists"
        echo "$PROC_DESC 通道【$i】---->不存在 "
      fi
    fi 
  done

}

stop(){
  for ((i=0;i<number;i=i+1))
  do
    is_proc_run $i
    if [ "$?" -eq "1" ]; then
      echo "Kill the Process"
      cmppid=`ps -ef|grep " com.witsky.sms.cmpp.app.proc.CmppStart $i " |grep -v grep|awk '{print $2 }'|wc -l`
      if [ "$cmppid" -eq "0" ]; then
        echo " The Process is not Exists"
        echo "$PROC_DESC 通道【$i】---->不存在 "  
        
      else
        cmppid=`ps -ef|grep " com.witsky.sms.cmpp.app.proc.CmppStart $i " | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}'`
        ps -ef |grep " com.witsky.sms.cmpp.app.proc.CmppStart $i " |grep -v grep|awk '{print $2 }'| xargs kill -9
        echo "$PROC_DESC 通道【$i】进程号[$cmppid]----->已杀死 "
      fi
    else
      echo "The Process is not Exists"
      echo "$PROC_DESC 通道【$i】---->不存在"
    fi

  done

}

status(){
  for ((i=0;i<number;i=i+1))
  do
    is_proc_run $i
    if [ "$?" -eq "1" ]; then
      cmppid=`ps -ef |grep " com.witsky.sms.cmpp.app.proc.CmppStart $i " |grep -v grep|awk '{print $2 }'`
      if [ -n "$cmppid" ]; then
        echo "$i process spid is $cmppid"
        echo "$PROC_DESC 通道【$i】---->已运行"
      else
        echo "The Process is not Exists"
        echo "$PROC_DESC 通道【$i】---->不存在"
      fi
    else
      echo "The Process is not Exists"
      echo "$PROC_DESC 通道【$i】---->不存在"
    fi
  done

}



usage(){
        echo ${PROC_DESC} usage:
        echo -e "`basename $0` <start|stop|status|restart>"
        echo -e "	start   - start   ${PROC_NAME}"
        echo -e "	stop    - stop    ${PROC_NAME}"
        echo -e "	status  - list    ${PROC_NAME}"
        echo -e "	restart - restart ${PROC_NAME}"
}

#=======================================================================
# 主发送程序启动，状态，停止，重启 2012-7-12  hzg
#=======================================================================
case $1 in
        start) 
      #          stop
                start
                ;;
        status)
                status
               
                ;;
        stop)
                stop
                ;;
        restart)
                stop
                start
                ;;
        *)
                usage
esac
例子2

可嵌入Strom运行，或者实时计算。

6 hadoop处理小文件，怎么办？

基本的办法是把众多小文件，合并为大文件。再MapReduce，实测确实比较快。
比如原来的文件是2000个500k的小文件，伪分布的MapReduce耗时4到5个小时。
合并为一个大文件后，耗时为1分钟左右。合并的方法也很简单，可参考如下代码。
public static void putMergeFunc(String LocalDir, String fsFile)
            throws IOException {

        Configuration conf = new Configuration();
        FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf); // fs是HDFS文件系统
        FileSystem local = FileSystem.getLocal(conf); // 本地文件系统
        FileStatus[] status = local.listStatus(new Path(LocalDir)); // 得到输入目录
        FSDataOutputStream out = fs.create(new Path(fsFile)); // 在HDFS上创建输出文件

        for (FileStatus st : status) {
            Path temp = st.getPath();
            FSDataInputStream in = local.open(temp);
            IOUtils.copyBytes(in, out, 4096, false); // 读取in流中的内容放入out
            in.close(); // 完成后，关闭当前文件输入流
        }
        out.close();
    }
合并本地小文件上传HDFS

7 hadoop怎么用java -cp的方式执行？

项目执行过程中，一般会把需要的jar包整体打包，一般不会用hadoop jar的方式执行。
只需注意两个地方就行。Configuration需要添加特定的xml和通信机制，否则访问不到HDFS文件系统。
在其它的函数中，调用createFS方法，就可以访问和写入HDFS文件了。
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.URI;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileStatus;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;

 /**
     * 客户端xml配置文件, 待更改
     * @return
     */
    public static Configuration getConf(){
        Configuration conf = new Configuration();
        conf.addResource("../../hadoop/core-site.xml");
        conf.addResource("../../hadoop/hdfs-site.xml");
        conf.addResource("../../hadoop/mapred-site.xml");
        conf.set("fs.hdfs.impl", org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DistributedFileSystem.class.getName());
        conf.set("fs.file.impl", org.apache.hadoop.fs.LocalFileSystem.class.getName());
        return conf;
    }

    /**
     * 返回特定的fs文件系统
     * @return
     */
    public static FileSystem createFS(){
        Configuration conf = getConf();
        try{
            URI uri = new URI(ConArgs.hdfsInPathDir, false);
            String hdfs = uri.getScheme() + "://" + uri.getHost() + ":" + uri.getPort();
            FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(java.net.URI.create(hdfs), conf);

            return fs;

        }catch(Exception e){

            logger.error("createFS() wrong, please check hdfsInPathDir.");
            System.exit(-1);
        }

        return null;
    }
getHDFS

java 指定内存运行命令行

java启动参数调整
nohup java -cp $v_dir/../cfg:$v_dir/../lib/icp.jar:$(ls $v_dir/../jar/bsssa-*-with-dependencies.jar) -server -Xms2g -Xmx2g -XX:MaxPermSize=256m -Xloggc:/utxt/soft/bss/proglog/gc.log -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -Diname=witskybss cn.witsky.smb.bss.Main &
指定内存

8 关键路径和关联规则，以及频繁项集之间的联系？

9 速度计算、拥堵指数计算，贝叶斯统计？

参考资料

1 Hadoop Map中获取当前spilt文件名    http://blog.csdn.net/shallowgrave/article/details/7757914

2 Linux中crontab的坑爹环境变量问题    http://blog.csdn.net/dancen/article/details/24355287

3 linux中crontable的用法   http://www.xuebuyuan.com/1791389.html

4 hadoop java-jar运行，yarn框架   http://blog.163.com/silver9886@126/blog/static/35971862201432163918529/

5 hadoop map读取参数     http://blog.csdn.net/zdy0_2004/article/details/46335195

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/hdu-2010/p/4848969.html