Tomcat可以使用Apache Portable Runtime来提供卓越的性能及可扩展性,更好地与本地服务器技术的集成。Apache Portable Runtime是一个高度可移植的库,位于Apache HTTP Server 2.x的核心。APR有许多用途,包括访问高级IO功能(如sendfile,epoll和OpenSSL),操作系统级功能(随机数生成,系统状态等)以及本地进程处理(共享内存,NT管道和Unix套接字)。

这些功能不仅仅是一个后端集中的技术,还可以让Tomcat成为通用的网络服务器,可以实现与本地的其他Web技术更好的集成,并使Java成为一个完整的网络服务器平台。

官方要求:

APR 1.2+ development headers (libapr1-dev package)
OpenSSL 1.0.2+ development headers (libssl-dev package)
JNI headers from Java compatible JDK 1.4+
GNU development environment (gcc, make)

生产环境:

CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core) x86 64
Server version: Apache Tomcat/8.5.16
java version “1.8.0_131”

Apache Tomcat/8.5.16 的安装请查看《Linux Apache Tomcat 8.5 安装与配置

1.安装相关依赖包

# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ libtool* autoconf automake expat-devel perl perl-devel

2.下载安装包

# cd /tmp/
# wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/apr/apr-1.6.2.tar.gz
# wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/apr/apr-iconv-1.2.1.tar.gz
# wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.0.tar.gz
# wget https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.1.0f.tar.gz

3.安装APR

# tar zxvf apr-1.6.2.tar.gz
# cd apr-1.6.2
# vim configure

默认值:

RM='$RM'

修改为:

RM='$RM -f'
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
# make && make install

4.安装apr-iconv

# tar zxvf apr-iconv-1.2.1.tar.gz
# cd apr-iconv-1.2.1
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-iconv --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
# make && make install

5.安装apr-util

# tar zxvf apr-util-1.6.0.tar.gz
# cd apr-util-1.6.0
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-iconv=/usr/local/apr-iconv/bin/apriconv
# make && make install

6.安装OpenSSL

# tar zxvf openssl-1.1.0f.tar.gz
# cd openssl-1.1.0f
# ./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl
# make -j 4 && make install

7.安装tomcat-native

# cd /usr/local/tomcat/bin/
# tar zxvf tomcat-native.tar.gz
# cd tomcat-native-1.2.12-src/native
# ./configure --with-ssl=/usr/local/openssl --with-apr=/usr/bin/apr-1-config --with-java-home=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_131
# make && make install

注意:如果以上 configure 失败,可以执行 make distclean 清除

8.添加变量内容

# vim /etc/profile.d/jdk.sh
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/apr/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
# source /etc/profile.d/jdk.sh

至此APR安装成功。

9.接下来需要修改tomcat配置文件中的APR运行模式,并测试是否安装成功。

# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml

默认值:

<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
 connectionTimeout="20000"
 redirectPort="8443" />

修改为:

<Connector port="8080" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol"
 connectionTimeout="20000"
 redirectPort="8443" />

默认值:

<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />

修改为:

<Connector port="8009" protocol="org.apache.coyote.ajp.AjpAprProtocol" redirectPort="8443" />

10.现在重启tomcat服务,并查看启动日志

# systemctl restart tomcat
# cat /usr/local/tomcat/logs/catalina.out
...
INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener.lifecycleEvent The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: [/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib64:/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib]
INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.init Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
INFO [main] org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool.getSharedSelector Using a shared selector for servlet write/read
INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.init Initializing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
INFO [main] org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool.getSharedSelector Using a shared selector for servlet write/read
...

注意:可以看到红色部分,提示找不到基于APR的Apache Tomcat Native库,因此无法使用APR模式启动。

解决方案:

# cp -R /usr/local/apr/lib/* /usr/lib64
# cp -R /usr/local/apr/lib/* /usr/lib

再次重启tomcat,并查看启动日志

# cat /usr/local/tomcat/logs/catalina.out
...
INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.start Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-apr-8080"]
INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.start Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-apr-8009"]
...

可以看到已经以apr协议模式启动成功,经基于APR的技术web压力测试,Tomcat的性能飙升。

转载:Tomcat 8.5 基于 Apache Portable Runtime(APR)库性能优化 | 任我乐