android (java) 网络发送get/post请求参数设置

最近做了一段时间android网络编程方面的项目,现在总结一下android中网络连接方式,

android中网络通信分为socket编程和http编程,这里只介绍htt方面。网络请求方式可分为get请求,post两种请求方式,GET方式在进行数据请求时,会把数据附加到URL后面传递给服务器,比如常见的:http://XXX.XXX.XXX/XX.aspx?id=1,POST方式则是将请求的数据放到HTTP请求头中,作为请求头的一部分传入服务器。
所以,在进行HTTP编程前,首先要明确究竟使用的哪种方式进行数据请求的。

android中Http编程有两种:1、HttpURLConnection;2、HttpClient


首先介绍一下HttpURLConnection方式的get请求和post请求方法:


private Map<String, String> paramsValue;
	String urlPath=null;
	
	// 发送地http://192.168.100.91:8080/myweb/login?username=abc&password=123
	public void initData(){
		
		urlPath="http://192.168.100.91:8080/myweb/login";
		paramsValue=new HashMap<String, String>();
		paramsValue.put("username", "111");
		paramsValue.put("password", "222"); 	
	}
	

get方式发起请求:

private boolean sendGETRequest(String path, Map<String, String> params) throws Exception {
		boolean success=false; 
		
		// StringBuilder是用来组拼请求地址和参数
		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
		sb.append(path).append("?");
		if (params != null && params.size() != 0) {
			for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
				// 如果请求参数中有中文,需要进行URLEncoder编码 gbk/utf8
				sb.append(entry.getKey()).append("=").append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), "utf-8"));
				sb.append("&");
			}
			sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length() - 1);
		}
		
		URL url = new URL(sb.toString());	
		HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
		conn.setConnectTimeout(20000);
		conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
		
		if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200) {
			success= true;
		}
		if(conn!=null)
		conn.disconnect();
		return success;
	}


postt方式发起请求:

private boolean sendPOSTRequest(String path,Map<String, String> params) throws Exception{
		boolean success=false; 
		//StringBuilder是用来组拼请求参数
		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

		if(params!=null &¶ms.size()!=0){

            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {

                   sb.append(entry.getKey()).append("=").append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), "utf-8"));
                   sb.append("&");                          

            }
            sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length()-1);
		}

		//entity为请求体部分内容
		//如果有中文则以UTF-8编码为username=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD&password=123
		byte[] entity = sb.toString().getBytes();

		 URL url = new URL(path);
	     HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
	     conn.setConnectTimeout(2000);
	     // 设置以POST方式  
	     conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
	    // Post 请求不能使用缓存  
        //  urlConn.setUseCaches(false); 
	     //要向外输出数据,要设置这个
	     conn.setDoOutput(true);
	     // 配置本次连接的Content-type,配置为application/x-www-form-urlencoded
         //设置content-type获得输出流,便于想服务器发送信息。
	    //POST请求这个一定要设置
	     conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
	     conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", entity.length+"");
	  // 要注意的是connection.getOutputStream会隐含的进行connect。 
	     OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream();
	     //写入参数值
	     out.write(entity);
	    //刷新、关闭  
         out.flush();  
         out.close();
	
	     if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200) {
				success= true;
			}
	     if(conn!=null)
				conn.disconnect();
			return success;
	
	 }

在介绍一下HttpClient方式,相比HttpURLConnection,HttpClient封装的得更简单易用一些,看一下实例:

get方式发起请求:

public String getRequest(String UrlPath,Map<String, String> params){
		String content=null;
		StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
		if(params!=null &¶ms.size()!=0){

            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {

            	buf.append(entry.getKey()).append("=").append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), "utf-8"));
            	buf.append("&");                          

            }
            buf.deleteCharAt(buf.length()-1);
		}
		content= buf.toString();
		
		HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
		HttpGet getMethod = new HttpGet(content);
		
		HttpResponse response = null;
		try {
			response = httpClient.execute(getMethod);	
		} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} 
		
		if (response!=null&&response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) { 
			try {
				content = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
			} catch (ParseException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		 
		return content;
	}

postt方式发起请求:

private boolean sendPOSTRequestHttpClient(String path,Map<String, String> params) throws Exception {
		boolean success = false;
		// 封装请求参数
		List<NameValuePair> pair = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
		if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
			for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
				pair.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry
						.getValue()));
			}
		}
		// 把请求参数变成请求体部分
		UrlEncodedFormEntity uee = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pair, "utf-8");
		// 使用HttpPost对象设置发送的URL路径
		HttpPost post = new HttpPost(path);
		// 发送请求体
		post.setEntity(uee);
		// 创建一个浏览器对象,以把POST对象向服务器发送,并返回响应消息
		DefaultHttpClient dhc = new DefaultHttpClient();
		HttpResponse response = dhc.execute(post);
		if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
			success = true;
		}
		return success;
	}


android网络交互还是很重要的,还是值得研究的,ok,好了就先写到这里了。



原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/happyxiaoyu02/p/6818951.html