LVM

对硬盘分区

sudo fdisk /dev/sdb

m 帮助

l 有8e可选

n 新建

p 主分区

回车默认开始 n之后直接回车默认从1开始

+5G 设置大小为5G last

t #改变格式

1 选择为sdb1

8e # LVM格式

p #打印查看

w #保存

到这里/dev/就会多出几个sdbX 如果找不到就运行partprobe进行不关机重新读取分区表

上面操作是对sdb1和sdb2进行lvm格式操作

pvcreate /dev/sdb{1,2} #创建物理卷

vgcreate zzxvg /dev/sdb{1,2} #创建卷组把两个物理卷组成一个卷组

lvcreate -L +1G -n zzxlv1 zzxvg ＃把卷组 zzxvg 中创建一个大小为1G的逻辑卷 zzxlv1 剩下的空间还可以接着创建逻辑卷之后这些逻辑卷的大小可以互相增减

mkfs.ext2 /dev/zzxvg/zzxlv1 #格式化逻辑卷

增加空间

增加到9G （原来9G的话会提示nothing to do）（ lvextend -L +10G /dev/mapper/mVG-appdata）

lvextend -L 9G /dev/zzxvg/zzxlv

resize2fs /dev/mapper/mVG-appdata(否则df -h还是不变)

减少一定要umount后再操作！！！！！！！！！

减少（lvreduce -L -30G -f -r /dev/mapper/mVG-appdata）

lvreduce -L 3G -f -r /dev/zzxvg/zzxlv（一般不用e2fsck，e2fsck -f /dev/zzxvg/zzxlv #先umount然后运行此命令强制umount 出错就需要重启电脑）

partprobe #将内核的分区表更新

LVM扩容

vgextend VolGroup00 /dev/hda6 #扩展卷组VolGroup00 添加dha6这个划分好的pv到卷组VolGroup00

lvdisplay #查看已经存在的LV信息，以存在LV：LogVol01为例

lvextend –L 1G /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01 #扩展LV（加-r 就不用下面那一句了）

resize2fs /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01 #执行该重设大小，对于当前正在使用的LogVol01有效

df –h #查看挂载情况，已经扩容

vgextent datavg /dev/sdb2 # 扩容vg

lvextent -L +38G -f -r /dev/mapper/datavg-lv_appdata

/dev/datavg/lv_appdata

df-h

xfs不能动态减小lvreduce 加了-r会提示无法减小如果不加-r就会减小不过还是报错，就要卸载再强制格式化 mkfs.xfs -f /dev/mapper/myvg-appdata 后再挂载

所以xfs可以把磁盘数据拷贝出来，然后lvreduce 不加-r

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 48G 5.8G 42G 12% /
devtmpfs 474M 0 474M 0% /dev
tmpfs 489M 7.2M 482M 2% /run
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs 98M 32K 98M 1% /run/user/1000
/dev/sda1 297M 141M 156M 48% /boot
/dev/mapper/myvg-appdata 11G 33M 11G 1% /appdata
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# lvreduce -L -3G -f -r /dev/mapper/myvg-appdata
fsadm: Xfs filesystem shrinking is unsupported.
/usr/sbin/fsadm failed: 1
Filesystem resize failed.
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# lvreduce -L -3G -f /dev/mapper/myvg-appdata
WARNING: Reducing active and open logical volume to 8.00 GiB.
THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
Size of logical volume myvg/appdata changed from 11.00 GiB (2816 extents) to 8.00 GiB (2048 extents).
Logical volume myvg/appdata successfully resized.
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 48G 5.8G 42G 12% /
devtmpfs 474M 0 474M 0% /dev
tmpfs 489M 7.2M 482M 2% /run
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs 98M 32K 98M 1% /run/user/1000
/dev/sda1 297M 141M 156M 48% /boot
/dev/mapper/myvg-appdata 11G 33M 11G 1% /appdata
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# resize2fs /dev/mapper/myvg-appdata
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
resize2fs: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/mapper/myvg-appdata
Couldn't find valid filesystem superblock.
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# cd /appdata/
[root@nmserver-7 appdata]# ll
total 0
[root@nmserver-7 appdata]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 48G 5.8G 42G 12% /
devtmpfs 474M 0 474M 0% /dev
tmpfs 489M 7.2M 482M 2% /run
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs 98M 32K 98M 1% /run/user/1000
/dev/sda1 297M 141M 156M 48% /boot
/dev/mapper/myvg-appdata 11G 33M 11G 1% /appdata
[root@nmserver-7 appdata]# umount /appdata/
umount: /appdata: target is busy.
(In some cases useful info about processes that use
the device is found by lsof(8) or fuser(1))
[root@nmserver-7 appdata]# umount -f /appdata/
umount: /appdata: target is busy.
(In some cases useful info about processes that use
the device is found by lsof(8) or fuser(1))
[root@nmserver-7 appdata]# fuser -uv /appdata/
USER PID ACCESS COMMAND
/appdata: root kernel mount (root)/appdata
root 2384 ..c.. (root)bash
[root@nmserver-7 appdata]# ps -ef|grep 2384
root 2384 2362 0 22:43 pts/0 00:00:03 -bash
root 3529 2384 0 23:11 pts/0 00:00:00 ps -ef
root 3530 2384 0 23:11 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto 2384
[root@nmserver-7 appdata]# kill -15 2384
[root@nmserver-7 appdata]# ps -ef|grep 2384
root 2384 2362 0 22:43 pts/0 00:00:03 -bash
root 3531 2384 0 23:12 pts/0 00:00:00 ps -ef
root 3532 2384 0 23:12 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto 2384
[root@nmserver-7 appdata]# kill -9 2384

Connection closed by foreign host.

Disconnected from remote host(192.168.67.135:22) at 14:12:20.

Type `help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt.
[c:~]$ ssh root@192.168.67.135

Connecting to 192.168.67.135:22...
Connection established.
To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.

Last login: Sat Mar 31 22:43:52 2018 from 192.168.67.1
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# umount /appdata/
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# xfs_repair /dev/mapper/myvg-appdata
Phase 1 - find and verify superblock...
error reading superblock 3 -- seek to offset 8858370048 failed
couldn't verify primary superblock - attempted to perform I/O beyond EOF !!!

attempting to find secondary superblock...
.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................found candidate secondary superblock...
verified secondary superblock...
writing modified primary superblock
xfs_repair: error - read only 0 of 512 bytes

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# mount /dev/mapper/myvg-appdata /appdata/
mount: /dev/mapper/myvg-appdata: can't read superblock
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/myvg-appdata
mkfs.xfs: /dev/mapper/myvg-appdata appears to contain an existing filesystem (xfs).
mkfs.xfs: Use the -f option to force overwrite.
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# mkfs.xfs -f /dev/mapper/myvg-appdata
meta-data=/dev/mapper/myvg-appdata isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=524288 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=2097152, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# mount /dev/mapper/myvg-appdata /appdata/
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 48G 5.8G 42G 12% /
devtmpfs 474M 0 474M 0% /dev
tmpfs 489M 7.2M 482M 2% /run
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs 98M 32K 98M 1% /run/user/1000
/dev/sda1 297M 141M 156M 48% /boot
tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/myvg-appdata 8.0G 33M 8.0G 1% /appdata