web测试-赠送课程

参考链接 

官网：https://www.selenium.dev/

（下载IDE）

https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/docs/api/py/

chromedriver下载路径：https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/chromedriver/

selenium IDE的安装

firefox的安装

 学会找报错信息，以及理解报错信息的含义

1.从后往前看，找到最后几个E

2.找到【当前文件名：行号】，点到代码中，分析是否由于书写问题，定位的问题

隐式等待

隐式等待：动态地等待原色，最好在实例化driver之后立刻去设置隐式的等待

 1.先配置环境变量

右键-属性

 配置到path环境变量里

 

 cmd里输入

chrome --remote-debugging-port=9222

需要重启chrome浏览器才能生效

 通过http://127.0.0.1:9222/

可以验证是否配置成功

# Generated by Selenium IDE
import pytest
import time
import json
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities


class TestTestdemo0():
    def setup_method(self, method):
        option = Options()
        option.debugger_address = '127.0.0.1:9222'
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(options = option)
        self.vars = {}

    def teardown_method(self, method):
        self.driver.quit()

    def test_testdemo0(self):
        # self.driver.get("https://ceshiren.com/")
        self.driver.set_window_size(1382, 754)
        self.driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "所有分类").click()
        class_ddd = self.driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "所有分类")
        print(class_ddd.get_attribute("class"))
        assert  'active' == class_ddd.get_attribute("class")

# Generated by Selenium IDE
import shelve

import pytest
import time
import json
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities


class TestTestdemo0():
    def setup_method(self, method):
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
        # option = Options()
        # option.debugger_address = '127.0.0.1:9222'
        # self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(options = option)
        self.vars = {}

    def teardown_method(self, method):
        self.driver.quit()

    def test_cookie(self):
        self.driver.get("https://work.weixin.qq.com/wework_admin/frame#index")
        # cookies = self.driver.get_cookies()
        # print(cookies)
        cookies =[{'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'httpOnly': True, 'name': 'wwrtx.refid', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': '2576825472129297'}, {'domain': 'work.weixin.qq.com', 'expiry': 1614025265, 'httpOnly': True, 'name': 'ww_rtkey', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': '212r40h'}, {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'httpOnly': True, 'name': 'wwrtx.ref', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': 'direct'}, {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'expiry': 1645529729, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'wwrtx.c_gdpr', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': '0'}, {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'expiry': 1616585732, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'wwrtx.i18n_lan', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': 'zh'}]
        for cookie in cookies:
            self.driver.add_cookie(cookie)

        self.driver.get("https://work.weixin.qq.com/wework_admin/frame#index")
        time.sleep(3)

    def test_shelve(self):
        cookies = [
            {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'httpOnly': True, 'name': 'wwrtx.refid', 'path': '/', 'secure': False,
             'value': '2576825472129297'},
            {'domain': 'work.weixin.qq.com', 'expiry': 1614025265, 'httpOnly': True, 'name': 'ww_rtkey', 'path': '/',
             'secure': False, 'value': '212r40h'},
            {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'httpOnly': True, 'name': 'wwrtx.ref', 'path': '/', 'secure': False,
             'value': 'direct'},
            {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'expiry': 1645529729, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'wwrtx.c_gdpr',
             'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': '0'},
            {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'expiry': 1616585732, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'wwrtx.i18n_lan',
             'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': 'zh'}]

        db = shelve.open('./mydbs/cookies')
        db['cookie'] = cookies
        db.close()

 如何获取cookies

先复用浏览器，然后打印cookies

复用浏览器步骤：

1，cmd中输入：chrome --remote-debugging-port=9222

2，在弹出的浏览器中打开企业微信，然后扫码登录企业微信

3，代码如下：

# Author:Han
# python:3.9
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

class TestGetCookies:
    def setup(self):
        option = Options()
        option.debugger_address='127.0.0.1:9889'
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=option)
        # self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
        self.driver.implicitly_wait(5)  # 隐式等待

    def teardown(self):
        pass

    def test_getcookie(self):
        cookies = self.driver.get_cookies()
        print(cookies)
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options


class TestTestdemo0():
    def setup_method(self, method):
        option = Options()
        option.debugger_address = '127.0.0.1:9222'
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=option)

    def teardown_method(self, method):
        self.driver.quit()

    def test_cookie(self):
        cookies = self.driver.get_cookies()
        print(cookies)

 4，将打印的cookies复制，就获取了cookies

获取到cookies之后，就不用复用浏览器了，直接用cookies传入登录信息

import time

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options


class TestDemo:
    def setup(self):
        # option = Options()
        # option.debugger_address = '127.0.0.1:9222'
        # self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=option)
        self.driver =webdriver.Chrome()
        self.driver.implicitly_wait(5)

    def teardown(self):
        pass

    def test_demo(self):
        # cookies = self.driver.get_cookies()
        # print(cookies)
        self.driver.get("https://work.weixin.qq.com/wework_admin/frame")
        cookies = [{'domain': '.qq.com', 'expiry': 1614607133, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': '_gat', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': '1'}, {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'wwrtx.vid', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': '1688851249090396'}, {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'wxpay.vid', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': '1688851249090396'}, {'domain': '.qq.com', 'expiry': 2147385600, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'pgv_pvi', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': '9748397056'}, {'domain': '.qq.com', 'expiry': 2147385600, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'pgv_pvid', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': '1494316890'}, {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'wxpay.corpid', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': '1970325033411576'}, {'domain': '.qq.com', 'expiry': 1614687677, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': '_gid', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': 'GA1.2.863358477.1614601266'}, {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'httpOnly': True, 'name': 'wwrtx.sid', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': 'HwY4ZsCGmxPh6xSr_anuufNSquUoxye2Gy-ndCOgKmbcKtzTmQ72JiPSAoTR8-yv'}, {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'wwrtx.d2st', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': 'a1821517'}, {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'Hm_lpvt_9364e629af24cb52acc78b43e8c9f77d', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': '1614601266'}, {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'httpOnly': True, 'name': 'wwrtx.refid', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': '2576825471264635'}, {'domain': 'work.weixin.qq.com', 'expiry': 1614632800, 'httpOnly': True, 'name': 'ww_rtkey', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': '2nu1rhr'}, {'domain': '.qq.com', 'expiry': 1616550822, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'ptui_loginuin', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': '1219964985'}, {'domain': '.qq.com', 'expiry': 2147385600, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'o_cookie', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': '584415353'}, {'domain': '.qq.com', 'expiry': 2147483647, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'ptcz', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': '4fd65c76325acf822b8b528a15f2a392297a3039452f348bfeb11c12a0fc3b62'}, {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'expiry': 1617199077, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'wwrtx.i18n_lan', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': 'zh'}, {'domain': '.qq.com', 'expiry': 1677673277, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': '_ga', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': 'GA1.2.1688755123.1613182480'}, {'domain': '.qq.com', 'expiry': 1897288226, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'tvfe_boss_uuid', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': '9ab0ba39789428ab'}, {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'expiry': 1641100817, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'wwrtx.c_gdpr', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': '0'}, {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'httpOnly': True, 'name': 'wwrtx.vst', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': '8rtbdgOvW4-Pwq4GD-d1FyrzjyvHObw6VQKzwIGJmzMchan5_EMrQb13KS0tjUFwSkwi9KfOp6khp4i2y64UQKErTsIM82uZluBBKRG3XJy9hdO32Cc7NDL25DbA-UkJn3AdxXhX4KtXiu620RaQVACELRDoQOOgeFdhgmUxeuFz-_2m9EAPpFY0ggIt-SDkqIITRmhtdZFZlcqFjtPOXKVrDRlrAB1YLvOj92BVSWDdI7uFtNCnlWeqVlxW7J4wco47GfW-RvsgzoJZ4kmC7w'}, {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'expiry': 1646137265, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'Hm_lvt_9364e629af24cb52acc78b43e8c9f77d', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': '1613993294,1614340017,1614434715,1614601266'}, {'domain': '.qq.com', 'expiry': 1904971625, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'pac_uid', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': '1_584415353'}, {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'httpOnly': True, 'name': 'wwrtx.ltype', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': '1'}, {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'httpOnly': True, 'name': 'wwrtx.ref', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': 'direct'}, {'domain': '.qq.com', 'expiry': 2147483647, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'RK', 'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': 'n8KwV1gpaD'}]
        for cookie in cookies:
            self.driver.add_cookie(cookie)
        self.driver.get("https://work.weixin.qq.com/wework_admin/frame")
        time.sleep(5)

 注意事项：

获取的cookies中有个expiry，如果expiry为浮点型，则执行上述代码，会报错，

因为cookie不支持浮点型

解决办法就是删掉获取的cookies中的expiry

 for cookie in cookies:
            if 'expiry' in cookie.keys():
                cookie.pop('expiry')
            self.driver.add_cookie(cookie)

 cookies如果数据太多，就可以使用shelve放到一个小型数据库里面

    def test_shelve(self):
        cookies = [
            {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'wwrtx.vid', 'path': '/', 'secure': False,
             'value': '1688851249090396'},
            {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'wxpay.vid', 'path': '/', 'secure': False,
             'value': '1688851249090396'},
            {'domain': '.qq.com', 'expiry': 2147385600, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'pgv_pvi', 'path': '/',
             'secure': False, 'value': '9748397056'},
            {'domain': '.qq.com', 'expiry': 2147385600, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'pgv_pvid', 'path': '/',
             'secure': False, 'value': '1494316890'},
            {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'wxpay.corpid', 'path': '/', 'secure': False,
             'value': '1970325033411576'},
            {'domain': '.qq.com', 'expiry': 1614767746, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': '_gid', 'path': '/', 'secure': False,
             'value': 'GA1.2.863358477.1614601266'},
            {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'httpOnly': True, 'name': 'wwrtx.sid', 'path': '/', 'secure': False,
             'value': 'HwY4ZsCGmxPh6xSr_anuuSbfXT47jQDTAoJO2AXYb9Z4Z0C5saVlGJ_Tixb1wGn-'},
            {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'wwrtx.d2st', 'path': '/', 'secure': False,
             'value': 'a9134412'},
            {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'Hm_lpvt_9364e629af24cb52acc78b43e8c9f77d',
             'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': '1614681337'},
            {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'httpOnly': True, 'name': 'wwrtx.refid', 'path': '/', 'secure': False,
             'value': '34522847332136937'},
            {'domain': 'work.weixin.qq.com', 'expiry': 1614712006, 'httpOnly': True, 'name': 'ww_rtkey', 'path': '/',
             'secure': False, 'value': '2da5fhc'},
            {'domain': '.qq.com', 'expiry': 1616550822, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'ptui_loginuin', 'path': '/',
             'secure': False, 'value': '1219964985'},
            {'domain': '.qq.com', 'expiry': 2147385600, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'o_cookie', 'path': '/',
             'secure': False, 'value': '584415353'},
            {'domain': '.qq.com', 'expiry': 2147483647, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'ptcz', 'path': '/', 'secure': False,
             'value': '4fd65c76325acf822b8b528a15f2a392297a3039452f348bfeb11c12a0fc3b62'},
            {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'expiry': 1617273349, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'wwrtx.i18n_lan',
             'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': 'zh'},
            {'domain': '.qq.com', 'expiry': 1677753346, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': '_ga', 'path': '/', 'secure': False,
             'value': 'GA1.2.1688755123.1613182480'},
            {'domain': '.qq.com', 'expiry': 1897288226, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'tvfe_boss_uuid', 'path': '/',
             'secure': False, 'value': '9ab0ba39789428ab'},
            {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'expiry': 1641100817, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'wwrtx.c_gdpr',
             'path': '/', 'secure': False, 'value': '0'},
            {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'httpOnly': True, 'name': 'wwrtx.vst', 'path': '/', 'secure': False,
             'value': 'ThMZD0y5mw0-lQgOlJQPXUq6uWsnpLp9xwhDezLIT0U1AGzjmx9Cy1Ps_qQ1H9dm7pLCdxExWg2uOPZgXcnlS1sjyzb5xpepHnQrCwrw_dMRzzSl1253wcHbqetXdVB4yJVCn3udHNxYEQ4Zp9JeM0qQdSx-MwS4Vr0Ihx37xx19Np3DhT3-VO-SG-OnH8m4EBgGqP-Fvly5wx_WLDGkQcejEMuBMkEnhH2P5JapqqkpjvrcNPOscsAvVZUf8Sh4l9Sh7hcXpW2A7RogH2Ot_Q'},
            {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'expiry': 1646217337, 'httpOnly': False,
             'name': 'Hm_lvt_9364e629af24cb52acc78b43e8c9f77d', 'path': '/', 'secure': False,
             'value': '1614647406,1614680471,1614681094,1614681337'},
            {'domain': '.qq.com', 'expiry': 1904971625, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'pac_uid', 'path': '/',
             'secure': False, 'value': '1_584415353'},
            {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'httpOnly': True, 'name': 'wwrtx.ltype', 'path': '/', 'secure': False,
             'value': '1'},
            {'domain': '.work.weixin.qq.com', 'httpOnly': True, 'name': 'wwrtx.ref', 'path': '/', 'secure': False,
             'value': 'direct'},
            {'domain': '.qq.com', 'expiry': 1614681397, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': '_gat', 'path': '/', 'secure': False,
             'value': '1'},
            {'domain': '.qq.com', 'expiry': 2147483647, 'httpOnly': False, 'name': 'RK', 'path': '/', 'secure': False,
             'value': 'n8KwV1gpaD'}]
        db = shelve.open("./mydbs/cookies")
        db['cookie'] = cookies
        db.close()

然后再把文件读取出来

    def test_shelve(self):
        db = shelve.open("./mydbs/cookies")
        cookies = db['cookie']
        self.driver.get('https://work.weixin.qq.com/wework_admin/frame')
        for cookie in cookies:
            if "expiry" in cookie.keys():
                cookie.pop('expiry')
            self.driver.add_cookie(cookie)
        self.driver.get('https://work.weixin.qq.com/wework_admin/frame')
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ".index_service_cnt_itemWrap:nth-child(2)").click()
        self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "js_upload_file_input").send_keys('D:outlooksmybook.xlsx')
        assert "mybook.xlsx" == self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "upload_file_name").text

作业：

使用cookie登录企业微信，完成导入联系人，加上断言验证

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/hantongxue/p/14429685.html