SpringMVC Controller接收参数总结

本文中Controller的开发环境如下表格所示，Maven对应POM配置如下代码段所示：

系统/工具版本号
OS Windows 7 Home Basic
Java 1.7.0_79
Eclipse Mars.1 Release (4.5.1)
Maven 3.3.9
Postman 4.8.1
Tomcat 7.0.47

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

基本数据类型
SpringMVC Controller各方法参数绑定首先支持Java所有基本类型（包括： byte、short、int、long、float、double、char、string、boolean），以及基本类型对应封装高级类（包括：StringBuilder、StringBuffer）。

代码示例如下所示（这里仅以int及Integer类型做例子，其他类型实现方式与此类同）：

@Controller
@RequestMapping("param")
public class ParamController {

@RequestMapping(value="/int", method=RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public String requestInt(int param) {
return "Request successful. Post param : Int - " + param;
}

@RequestMapping(value="/integer", method=RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public String requestInteger(Integer param) {
return "Request successful. Post param : Integer - " + param;
}

//......

}

集合类型
List
除了基本类型，Spring Controller各方法参数绑定还支持集合类型，这里拿常用的List和Map举例，如果直接拿集合类作为绑定参数，写法上与基本类型类似，不同的是需要在参数处增加注解@RequestParam()，具体代码示例如下所示：

@RequestMapping(value="/list", method=RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public String requestList(@RequestParam("listParam[]") List<String> param) {
return "Request successful. Post param : List<String> - " + param.toString();
}

对应Postman的请求如下：

对应Ajax的请求如下：

Map类型作为参数，只需要使用@RequestParam注解即可，这里Map对应的key-value基本是String类型，value可以为Object，代码示例如下所示：

@RequestMapping(value="/map", method=RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public String requestList(@RequestParam Map<String, Object> param) {
return "Request successful. Post param : Map - " + param;
}

对应Postman的请求如下：

对应Ajax的请求如下：

function postMap() {
$.ajax({
type:"POST",
url:"http://localhost:8080/Learn-Spring-MVC/map",
data:{field1:"field1",field2:1},
dataType:"json",
success:function(result) {
//......
},
error:function(result) {
//......
}
});
}

Map作为参数的话，会把Ajax请求中的全部数据转换为key-value存入Map对应中，具体可参见Spring官方文档关于@RequestParam部分

自定义类型
自定义People类，具体类内容如下代码所示：

public class People implements Serializable{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String name;
private short age;
private Map<String, String> relationship;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public short getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(short age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Map<String, String> getRelationship() {
return relationship;
}
public void setRelationship(Map<String, String> relationship) {
this.relationship = relationship;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "People [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", relationship=" + relationship + "]";
}
}

对应Controller方法代码如下所示，主要的不同点就是需要在自定义类前添加@ModelAttribute注解：

@RequestMapping(value="/people", method=RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public String requestPeople(@ModelAttribute People people) {
return "Get request is successful. Post param : User Class - " + people.toString();
}

对应Ajax的请求如下：

var people = {
name:"Heacewalker",
age:25,
relationship:{"boss":"BigBoss"}
}
function postClick() {
$.ajax({
type:"POST",
url:"http://localhost:8080/Learn-Spring-MVC/people",
data:people,
dataType:"json",
success:function(result) {
//......
},
error:function(result) {
//......
}
});
}

对应Postman的请求如下：

这里再说一下，如果自定义类中包含集合的话，要如何处理参数的问题，首先定义包含集合的类，具体代码如下所示：

public class Address {
private String code;
private String address;
public String getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(String code) {
this.code = code;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Address [code=" + code + ", address=" + address + "]";
}
}

public class Link {
private List<Address> address;
public List<Address> getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(List<Address> address) {
this.address = address;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Link [address=" + address + "]";
}
}

最后是Controller部分的代码，示例如下：

@RequestMapping(value="/link", method=RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public String requestLink(@ModelAttribute Link link) {
return "Get request is successful. Post param : User Class - " + link.toString();
}

对应Postman的请求如下：

对应Ajax的请求如下：

<form onsubmit="return PostData()">
<input name="address[0].address" value="AKB"/>
<input name="address[0].code" value="48"/>
<input name="address[1].address" value="HKT"/>
<input name="address[1].code" value="48"/>
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>

function PostData() {
$.ajax({
type:"POST",
url:"http://localhost:8080/Learn-Spring-MVC/link",
data:'',
success:function(result) {
//......
},
error:function(result) {
//......
}
});
}

通过URL路径传递参数并接收，具体Controller代码如下所示：

@RequestMapping(value="/path/{key}/{value}", method=RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public String requestPath(@PathVariable String key, @PathVariable String value) {
return "Get request is successful. Path param : key - " + key + "; value - " + value;
}

对应Postman的请求如下：

最后，说一下用HttpServletRequest接收请求参数的方法，Controller代码如下所示，Controller接收到的参数值均为String类型：

@RequestMapping(value="/request", method=RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public String request(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1) {
return "Get request is successful. Post param : param1 - " + arg0.getParameter("param1") +
"; param2 - " + arg0.getParameter("param2") +
"; param3 - " + arg0.getParameter("param3");
}

对应Ajax请求：

参考资料：SpringMVC的各种参数绑定方式
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原文：https://blog.csdn.net/theHeacewalker/article/details/54563500