抓取主板市盈率，市净率和股息率

思想：
1. 分析中国指数有限公司的网页数据存储情况。
2.交易日的获取，之后拼接为网页链接
3.逐个的访问网页连接获取数据
4.数据储存为CSV文件。
使用的知识：
1.网页解析BeautifulSoup标签的获得，标签内容的获取。
2.正则表达式的使用，提取url的时间。
3.数据存储，写入
4.意外情况的处理。
5.时间的记录
代码：
  1 # hanbb
  2 # come on!!!
  3 import tushare as ts
  4 import datetime
  5 import requests
  6 from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
  7 import csv
  8 import re
  9 
 10 # 交易时间的获取
 11 end = datetime.date.today()
 12 data = ts.get_hist_data('000012',start='2015-01-01',end='end')  # 可以在这里修改开始时间
 13 date = list(data.index)
 14 
 15 # 网站链接的拼接
 16 urls = []
 17 urls_3 = []
 18 urls_2= []
 19 urls_1= []
 20 for date_time in date:
 21     url = 'http://www.csindex.com.cn/zh-CN/downloads/industry-price-earnings-ratio?type=zy4&date=' + date_time
 22     urls.append(url)
 23     url_3 = 'http://www.csindex.com.cn/zh-CN/downloads/industry-price-earnings-ratio?type=zy3&date=' + date_time
 24     urls_3.append(url_3)
 25     url_2 = 'http://www.csindex.com.cn/zh-CN/downloads/industry-price-earnings-ratio?type=zy2&date=' + date_time
 26     urls_2.append(url_2)
 27     url_1 = 'http://www.csindex.com.cn/zh-CN/downloads/industry-price-earnings-ratio?type=zy1&date=' + date_time
 28     urls_1.append(url_1)
 29 # print(urls)
 30 
 31 # 网页的访问
 32 def get_html_text(url):
 33     try:
 34         r = requests.get(url)
 35         r.raise_for_status()
 36         r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding
 37         return r.text
 38     except:
 39         return ""
 40 
 41 # 网页的解析 和 获取信息
 42 def getinfo(url):
 43     html = get_html_text(url)
 44     soup = BeautifulSoup(html,"html.parser")
 45     td = soup.find_all("td")
 46     
 47     # 将url的时间提取出来作为列表的索引
 48     infodate = re.findall(r'd{4}-d{2}-d{2}',url)[0]
 49     #print(infodate)
 50     #print(td)
 51     #print(len(td)
 52     
 53     # 提取列表的时间
 54     if len(td) == 48:
 55         info = infodate,td[0].string, td[1].string, td[2].string, td[3].string, td[4].string, td[5].string, td[6].string, td[
 56             7].string, 
 57                td[8].string, td[9].string, td[10].string, td[11].string, td[12].string, td[13].string, td[14].string, 
 58                td[15].string, 
 59                td[16].string, td[17].string, td[18].string, td[19].string, td[20].string, td[21].string, td[22].string, 
 60                td[23].string, 
 61                td[24].string, td[25].string, td[26].string, td[27].string, td[28].string, td[29].string, td[30].string, 
 62                td[31].string, 
 63                td[32].string, td[33].string, td[34].string, td[35].string, td[36].string, td[37].string, td[38].string, 
 64                td[39].string, 
 65                td[40].string, td[41].string, td[42].string, td[43].string, td[44].string, td[45].string, td[46].string, 
 66                td[47].string,
 67     else:
 68         info = infodate,0.0,1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0,6.0,7.0,
 69                0.0,1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0,6.0,7.0,
 70                0.0,1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0,6.0,7.0,
 71                0.0,1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0,6.0,7.0,
 72                0.0,1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0,6.0,7.0,
 73                0.0,1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0,6.0,7.0,
 74     return info
 75 
 76 # 数据储存
 77 def save(filename,info):
 78     file = open('E:\download\{}.csv'.format(filename), 'a', newline='')  # 打开的文件名称，追加模式，不写newline=''会出现行间距变大
 79     writerfile = csv.writer(file)  # 写入命令
 80     writerfile.writerow(info)  # 写入内容
 81     file.close()  # 关闭文件
 82 
 83 def main():
 84     guxilv = "guxilv"
 85     shijinglv = 'shijinglv'
 86     gundongshiyinglv = "gundongshiyinglv"
 87     jingtaishiyinglv = "jingtaishiyinglv"
 88     print("正在采集数据,请稍后")
 89     start_time = datetime.datetime.now()
 90     count = 0
 91     
 92     # 采集数据 股息率
 93     for url in urls:
 94         save(guxilv,getinfo(url))
 95         count+=1
 96     print("已完成股息率的采集，共{}条数据存入{}文件夹".format(count*48,guxilv))
 97     end_time = datetime.datetime.now()
 98     print((end_time - start_time).seconds)
 99 
100     # 采集数据 市净率
101     count = 0
102     for url in urls_3:
103         save(shijinglv, getinfo(url))
104         count += 1
105     print("已完成市净率的采集，共{}条数据存入{}文件夹".format(count*48,shijinglv))
106     end_time = datetime.datetime.now()
107     print((end_time - start_time).seconds)
108 
109     # 采集数据 动态市盈率
110     count = 0
111     for url in urls_2:
112         save(gundongshiyinglv, getinfo(url))
113         count += 1
114     print("已完成滚动市盈率的采集，共{}条数据存入{}文件夹".format(count*48, gundongshiyinglv))
115     end_time = datetime.datetime.now()
116     print((end_time - start_time).seconds)
117 
118     # 采集数据 静态市盈率
119     count = 0
120     for url in urls_1:
121         save(jingtaishiyinglv, getinfo(url))
122         count += 1
123     print("已完成静态市盈率的采集，共{}条数据存入{}文件夹".format(count*48,jingtaishiyinglv))
124     end_time = datetime.datetime.now()
125     print((end_time - start_time).seconds)
126 
127 main()