1.准备依赖库
sudo apt-get install build-essential sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev
2.下载对应的版本的Opencv与Opencv_contrib并解压，将Opencv_contrib解压到Opencv文件夹中，以便编译
※Opencv_contrib要在官网下载，版本号要对应，否则编译会出很多问题
Opencv： https://opencv.org/releases.html Opencv_contrib： https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/releases?after=3.4.3
3.Cmake构建并编译安装
cd opencv-3.2.0 mkdir build cd build cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=/home/×××/opencv-3.2.0/opencv_contrib/modules/ .. sudo make -j8 (8指8线程,尽量用sudo获取权限） sudo make install
安装完成
检测是否安装成功
python -c "import cv2; print cv2.__version__"
ERROR：
1.遇到：nvcc fatal：Unsupported gpu architecture 'compute_20'
解决办法：
cmake命令加上
-D CUDA_GENERATION=Kepler
2.遇到
CMake Error: The following variables are used in this project, but they are set to NOTFOUND. Please set them or make sure they are set and tested correctly in the CMake files: CUDA_nppi_LIBRARY (ADVANCED)
解决办法：
在Opencv文件夹：
（1）找到FindCUDA.cmake文件
①find_cuda_helper_libs(nppi)
>>
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppial)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppicc)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppicom)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppidei)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppif)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppig)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppim)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppist)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppisu)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppitc)
②unset(CUDA_nppi_LIBRARY CACHE)
>>
unset(CUDA_nppial_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppicc_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppicom_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppidei_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppif_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppig_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppim_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppist_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppisu_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppitc_LIBRARY CACHE)
③set(CUDA_npp_LIBRARY "${CUDA_nppc_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppi_LIBRARY};${CUDA_npps_LIBRARY}")
>>
set(CUDA_npp_LIBRARY "${CUDA_nppc_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppial_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppicc_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppicom_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppidei_LIBRARY};
${CUDA_nppif_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppig_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppim_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppist_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppisu_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppitc_LIBRARY};${CUDA_npps_LIBRARY}")
（2）找到文件OpenCVDetectCUDA.cmake
注释掉#
if(CUDA_GENERATION STREQUAL "Fermi") set(__cuda_arch_bin "2.0")
③在 opencvmodulescudevincludeopencv2cudevcommon.hpp中添加头文件
#include <cuda_fp16.h>
3.遇到××××××.hpp无法找到文件opencv2/xfeatures2d/cuda.hpp
解决办法：
在opencv/modules/stitching/CMakeLists.txt文件中加入xfeatures2d/include的指定路径，即
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES("××××××[绝对路径]××××××/opencv_contrib/modules/xfeatures2d/include")
重新编译即可
4.如果网络不好，出现ippicv_linux_20151201.tgz无法在终端下载的情况，则可以先单独下载ippicv_linux_20151201.tgz之后，把其移动到终端所提示的路径（终端会提示该路径找不到文件如果同样有其他类似的文件无法下载，方法同上。