使用Quicktime 实现视频直播(Live video using Quicktime) (转)

Quicktime是一个跨浏览器的播放插件，可以实现RTSP视频直播，可用于电视直播或视频监控平台。本文主要讲了关于播放器如何实现直播、事件响应、播放器全屏、动态修改播放路径等问题。

需要准备的软件：quicktime安装文件、RTSP模拟器（或VLC播放器）。
以下是我的实现方式：

1. 播放器HTML静态代码

01
<div id="player"> 

02
  <!--[if IE]><object id="qt_event_source" classid="clsid:CB927D12-4FF7-4a9e-A169-56E4B8A75598" style="display:none;"></object><![endif]-->

03
  <object classid="clsid:02BF25D5-8C17-4B23-BC80-D3488ABDDC6B" width="640" height="480" codebase="http://www.apple.com/qtactivex/qtplugin.cab#version=7,6,9,0" standby="控件加载中..." name="QT_OBJ" id="QT_OBJ" style="behavior:url(#qt_event_source);overflow:hidden;"> 

04
    <param name="src" value="ress/preview.mov"/> 

05
    <!-- <param name="qtsrc" value="rtsp://"/> -->

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    <param name="enablejavascript" value="true"/> 

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    <param name="postdomevents" value="true"/> 

08
    <param name="controller" value="false"/> 

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    <param name="scale" value="tofit"/> 

10
    <param name="kioskmode" value="true"/> 

11
    <param name="bgcolor" value="#000000"/> 

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    <param name="qtsrcdontusebrowser" value="true"/> 

13
    <param name="cache" value="false"/> 

14
    <!-- qtsrc=""  -->

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    <embed src="ress/preview.mov" width="640" height="480" pluginspage="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" name="QT_EMB" id="QT_EMB" enablejavascript="true" postdomevents="true" controller="false" scale="tofit" kioskmode="true" bgcolor="#000000" qtsrcdontusebrowser="true" cache="false" style="overflow:hidden;"></embed> 

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  </object> 

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</div>

代码说明：
1. object 用于IE浏览器，而 embed 用于非IE浏览器；
2. qt_event_source 对象是为了给IE浏览器注册事件，通过style（ style="behavior:url(#qt_event_source);overflow:hidden;"）绑定行为；
3. src="ress/preview.mov" 用于在页面加载后初始化控件，因为在上述代码中没有初始化 qtsrc 直播路径（便于动态切换播放路径）；

4. kioskmode="true" 隐藏播放器右键菜单。

2. Javascript代码实现（部分）

001
var Player = { 

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    /** 

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     * 播放器对象 

004
     */

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    object : null, 

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    stream : { 

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        /** 

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         * 视频初始化原始宽度 

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         */

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        width : 640, 

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        /** 

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         * 视频初始化原始高度 

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         */

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        height : 480 

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    }, 

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    /** 

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     * 设置播放路径 

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     *  

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     * @param url 

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     */

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    setPlayerParameters : function(url) { 

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        try { 

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            if (Player.object) { 

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                var qt = Player.object; 

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                if (!$.browser.msie && !qt.SetURL) { 

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                    return this; 

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                } 

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                qt.SetURL(url); 

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                qt.SetControllerVisible(false); 

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                qt.SetKioskMode(true); 

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                qt.SetVolume(100); 

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                qt.SetBgColor('#ffffff'); 

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            } 

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        } catch (e) { 

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            alert('resetPlayerParameters - ' + e.toString()); 

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        } 

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        return this; 

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    }, 

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    /** 

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     * 设置播放速率 

041
  
042
     * 实现实时播放 

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     */

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    setRate : function() { 

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        if (Player.object) 

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            Player.object.SetRate(10); 

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    }, 

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    /** 

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     * 初始化播放路径，如：rtsp://192.168.0.100:554/3 

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     *  

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     * @param stream 

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     * @returns 

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     */

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    initGUrl : function(stream) { 

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        var host = location.hostname; 

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        var port = '';// ':'+554; 

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        var url = [ 'rtsp://', host, port, '/', stream ].join(''); 

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        return url; 

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    }, 

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    /** 

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     * 注册事件,为IE浏览器注册时要多加个'on'在事件前面 

062
     */

063
    regQuickTimeEvents : function() { 

064
        var listerners = Player.listerners; 

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        if (document.addEventListener) { 

066
            var obj = document.QT_EMB; 

067
            if (obj) { 

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                Player.object = obj; 

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                obj.addEventListener("qt_timechanged", 

070
                        listerners._qt_timechanged_listerner); 

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                obj.addEventListener("qt_stalled", 

072
                        listerners._qt_stalled_listerner); 

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                obj 

074
                        .addEventListener("qt_error", 

075
                                listerners._qt_error_listerner); 

076
            } 

077
        } else { 

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            var obj = document.QT_OBJ; 

079
            if (obj) { 

080
                Player.object = obj; 

081
                obj.attachEvent("onqt_timechanged", 

082
                        listerners._qt_timechanged_listerner); 

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                obj.attachEvent("onqt_stalled", 

084
                        listerners._qt_stalled_listerner); 

085
                obj.attachEvent("onqt_error", listerners._qt_error_listerner); 

086
            } 

087
        } 

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        return this; 

089
    }, 

090
    listerners : { 

091
        _qt_timechanged_listerner : function() { 

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            if (Player.object) { 

093
                var qt = Player.object; 

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                if (!$.browser.msie && !qt.SetRate) { 

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                    return false; 

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                } 

097
                // 通过设置播放率快速播放来消耗缓存达到实时播放 

098
                qt.SetRate(10); 

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                qt.SetBgColor('#000000'); 

100
                Player.getStreamWidthHeight(qt, true); 

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                Player.adaptation(); 

102
            } 

103
        }, 

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        _qt_stalled_listerner : function() { 

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            alert('连接已终断，正在尝试重新连接...'); 

106
        }, 

107
        _qt_error_listerner : function() { 

108
            alert('播放时发生错误，请刷新页面或重新登录来解决此问题！'); 

109
        } 

110
    }, 

111
    /** 

112
     * 将视频填充到当前播放器大小一致,并维持原始长宽比 

113
  
114
     * SetRectangle参数中每个值都必须是整形，不能有小数 在计算时可能出现高度或宽度相差一个像素 

115
     */

116
    adaptation : function() { 

117
        try { 

118
            if (!Player.object) 

119
                return false; 

120
            var object = Player.object; 

121
            var qt = $(object); 

122
            var w_box = qt.width(); 

123
            var h_box = qt.height(); 

124
            var wh = Player.getStreamWidthHeight(object, false); 

125
            if (!wh) 

126
                return false; 

127
            var w_per = wh.width || 640; 

128
            var h_per = wh.height || 480; 

129
            var rect = [ 0, 0, 640, 480 ]; 

130
            var dw = w_per / w_box; 

131
            var dh = h_per / h_box; 

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            if (dw == dh) { 

133
                rect[2] = parseInt(w_box); 

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                rect[3] = parseInt(h_box); 

135
            } else if (dw > dh) { 

136
                var h_per_new = h_per / dw; 

137
                var offset = (h_box - h_per_new) / 2; 

138
                rect[1] = parseInt(offset); 

139
                rect[2] = parseInt(w_box); 

140
                rect[3] = parseInt(h_per_new + offset); 

141
            } else { 

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                var w_per_new = w_per / dh; 

143
                var offset = (w_box - w_per_new) / 2; 

144
                rect[0] = parseInt(offset); 

145
                rect[2] = parseInt(w_per_new + offset); 

146
                rect[3] = parseInt(h_box); 

147
            } 

148
            if (!$.browser.msie && !object.SetRectangle) { 

149
                return false; 

150
            } 

151
            object.SetRectangle(rect.join(',')); 

152
        } catch (e) { 

153
            // TODO 

154
        } 

155
    }, 

156
    /** 

157
     * 获取播放器对象的高度和宽度 

158
     *  

159
     * @param playerObj 

160
     * @param isInit 

161
     *            是否将 Player.stream中的参数重写 

162
     * @returns 

163
     */

164
    getStreamWidthHeight : function(playerObj, isFlash) { 

165
        try { 

166
            if (!playerObj) 

167
                return false; 

168
            if (!$.browser.msie && !playerObj.GetRectangle) { 

169
                return false; 

170
            } 

171
            var rect = playerObj.GetRectangle().split(','); 

172
            var width = parseInt(rect[2]) - parseInt(rect[0]); 

173
            var height = parseInt(rect[3]) - parseInt(rect[1]); 

174
            if (isFlash) { 

175
                this.stream.width = width; 

176
                this.stream.height = height; 

177
            } 

178
            return { 

179
                width : width || this.stream.width, 

180
                height : height || this.stream.height 

181
            }; 

182
        } catch (e) { 

183
            // TODO 

184
        } 

185
    }, 

186
    /** 

187
     * @param{Object} el 被放大对象 

188
     */

189
    requestFullScreen : function(el) { 

190
        var agent = '';// TODO 获取浏览器名称 

191
        var obj = $(el); 

192
          
193
        // 支持大多数浏览器全屏功能，除了FCK IE！ 

194
        var requestMethod = el.requestFullScreen || el.webkitRequestFullScreen 

195
                || el.mozRequestFullScreen || el.msRequestFullScreen; 

196
          
197
        if (requestMethod) { 

198
            requestMethod.call(el); 

199
            var stream = Player.stream; 

200
            el.SetRectangle([ 0, 0, stream.width, stream.height ].join(',')); 

201
            obj.width(window.screen.width); 

202
            obj.height(window.screen.height); 

203
  
204
            // 根据不同浏览器作相应调整 

205
            if (agent.name == 'safari') { 

206
                obj.offset({ 

207
                    top : 0, 

208
                    left : 0 

209
                }); 

210
            } 

211
        } else { 

212
            // 如果浏览器没有全屏接口就放大显示区 

213
            // TODO 

214
        } 

215
    } 

216
};

代码说明：

1. 上述代码并不完整，需要根据实际情况作相应调整；
2. 基本使用方式：Player.regQuickTimeEvents().setPlayerParameters(url)；
3. Quicktime在播放RTSP时会有3-5秒延迟，这是缓存所至，但控件没有提供相应清空缓存方法，只有通过SetRate()来设置播放速率来清除缓存。

播放截图：

可能出现的问题：
1. 在显示/隐藏播放控件、全屏/恢复时会导致重新加载视频；

4. Quicktime插件函数列表

AddCuePoint(time, fcnName, pause)	void
Clear()	void
GetAutoPlay()	Number
GetBgColor()	String	获取播放器背景颜色
GetChapterCount()	Number
GetChapterName(chapterNum)	String
GetComponentVersion(type, subType, manufacturer)	String
GetControllerVisible()	Number
GetCurrentChapterIndex()	Number
GetDuration()	Number
GetEndTime()	Number
GetFieldOfView()	Number
GetHotspotTarget(hotspotID)	String
GetHotspotUrl(hotspotID)	String
GetHREF()	Number
GetIsLooping()	Number
GetIsQuickTimeRegistered()	Number
GetIsVRMovie()	Number
GetKioskMode()	Number
GetLanguage()	String
GetLoopIsPalindrome()	Number
GetMatrix()	String
GetMaxBytesLoaded()	Number
GetMaxTimeLoaded()	Number
GetMIMEType()	String
GetMovieID()	Number
GetMovieName()	String
GetMovieSize()	Number
GetMute()	Number
GetNodeCount()	Number
GetNodeID()	Number
GetPanAngle()	Number
GetPlayEveryFrame()	Number
GetPluginStatus()	String
GetPluginVersion()	String
GetQTNEXTUrl(index)	String
GetQuickTimeConnectionSpeed()	Number
GetQuickTimeLanguage()	String
GetQuickTimeVersion()	String
GetRate()	Number
GetRectangle()	String
GetResetPropertiesOnReload()	Number
GetSpriteTrackVariable(trackIndex, variableIndex)	String
GetStartTime()	Number
GetTarget()	String
GetTiltAngle()	Number
GetTime()	Number
GetTimeScale()	Number
GetTrackCount()	Number
GetTrackEnabled(index)	Number
GetTrackName(index)	String
GetTrackType(index)	String
GetURL()	String
GetUserData(type)	String
GetVolume()	Number
GoPreviousNode()	void
GoToChapter(chapterName)	void
Hide()	void
Play()	void
RemoveCuePoint(time, fcnName)	void
Rewind()	void
SendSpriteEvent(trackIndex, spriteID, messageID)	void
SetAutoPlay(autoPlay)	void
SetBgColor(color)	void
SetControllerVisible(visible)	void
SetCurrentChapterIndex(chapterIndex)	void
SetEndTime(time)	void
SetFieldOfView(fov)	void
SetHotspotTarget(hotspotID, target)	void
SetHotspotUrl(hotspotID, url)	void
SetHREF(url)	void
SetIsLooping(loop)	void
SetKioskMode(kioskMode)	void
SetLanguage(language)	void
SetLoopIsPalindrome(loop)	void
SetMatrix(matrix)	void
SetMovieID(movieID)	void
SetMovieName(movieName)	void
SetMute(mute)	void
SetNodeID(id)	void
SetPanAngle(angle)	void
SetPlayEveryFrame(playAll)	void
SetQTNEXTUrl(index, url)	void
SetRate(rate)	void	设置播放速度。可设置较大速度以此作清除缓存的辅助工具。
SetRectangle(rect)	void	设置显示画面大小和位置。
SetResetPropertiesOnReload(reset)	void
SetSpriteTrackVariable(trackIndex, variableIndex, value)	void
SetStartTime(time)	void
SetTarget(target)	void
SetTiltAngle(angle)	void
SetTime(time)	void
SetTrackEnabled(index, enabled)	void
SetURL(url)	void
SetVolume(volume)	void
Show()	void
ShowDefaultView()	void
Step(count)	void
Stop()	void