使用Java客户端对Redis进行操作

一、背景

　　上篇文章我们介绍了如何在centos7下面进行安装单机版redis以及redis集群。这篇文章，我们来聊一聊如何使用java客户端来进行操作redis。我们知道redis的java客户端有很多,如：jedis、redission等。这篇文章着重介绍我们平常使用最多的redis的java客户端jedis。

二、通过单元测试来小试牛刀

　　1.首先在maven的pom.xml中引入jedis-client的依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
    <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
    <version>2.7.2</version>
</dependency>

　　2.使用junit进行单元测试

package com.hafiz.redis.test;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import org.junit.Test;

import redis.clients.jedis.HostAndPort;
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisCluster;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool;

public class JedisTest {

    @Test
    public void testJedisSingle() {
        // 创建一个jedis连接
        Jedis client = new Jedis("192.168.25.153", 6379);
        client.set("name", "zhangsan");
        String name = client.get("name");
        System.out.println(name);
        // 关闭连接
        client.close();
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testJedisPoolSingle() {
        // 创建一个连接池对象，系统中应该是单例的
        JedisPool pool = new JedisPool("192.168.25.153", 6379);
        // 从连接池中获取一个连接
        Jedis client = pool.getResource();
        client.set("age", "100");
        String name = client.get("name");
        String age = client.get("age");
        System.out.println(name);
        System.out.println(age);
        // jedis必须关闭连接
        client.close();
        
        // 关闭连接池
        pool.close();
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testJedisCluster() {
        // 创建一个jedisCluster对象的节点集合
        Set<HostAndPort> nodes = new HashSet<>();
        // 在nodes中指定每个节点的地址
        nodes.add(new HostAndPort("192.168.25.153", 7001));
        nodes.add(new HostAndPort("192.168.25.153", 7002));
        nodes.add(new HostAndPort("192.168.25.153", 7003));
        nodes.add(new HostAndPort("192.168.25.153", 7004));
        nodes.add(new HostAndPort("192.168.25.153", 7005));
        nodes.add(new HostAndPort("192.168.25.153", 7006));
        // 创建一个jedisCluster对象，该对象在系统中应该是单例的
        JedisCluster cluster = new JedisCluster(nodes);
        cluster.set("id", "100");
        cluster.set("value", "Hello Jedis");
        System.out.println(cluster.get("id"));
        System.out.println(cluster.get("value"));
        
        // 系统关闭时，关闭集群
        cluster.close();
    }
}

三、在项目中，使用Spring集成Redis

1.redis.properties文件如下：

#Redis stand-alone config
redis.single.host=192.168.25.153
redis.single.port=6379

#Redis cluster config
redis.cluster.node1.host=192.168.25.153
redis.cluster.node1.port=7001
redis.cluster.node2.host=192.168.25.153
redis.cluster.node2.port=7002
redis.cluster.node3.host=192.168.25.153
redis.cluster.node3.port=7003
redis.cluster.node4.host=192.168.25.153
redis.cluster.node4.port=7004
redis.cluster.node5.host=192.168.25.153
redis.cluster.node5.port=7005
redis.cluster.node6.host=192.168.25.153
redis.cluster.node6.port=7006

2.spring-redis配置文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
　　 xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
　　 xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
　　　　http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
    　 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
　　　　http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
    　 http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
　　　　http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
　　　　http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
　　　　http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
    　 http://www.springframework.org/schema/util 
　　　　http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd">

    <!-- Redis stand-alone config -->
    <bean id = "jedisPool" class = "redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool">
        <constructor-arg name="host" value="${redis.single.host}"/>
        <constructor-arg name="port" value="${redis.single.port}"/>
    </bean>
    <bean id = "singleJedisClient" class = "com.taotao.rest.component.impl.SingleJedisClient"/>

　　 <!-- Redis cluster config -->
　　 <!-- <bean id="jedisCluster" class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisCluster">
        <constructor-arg name="nodes">
            <set>
                <bean class="redis.clients.jedis.HostAndPort">
                    <constructor-arg name="host" value="${redis.cluster.node1.host}"/>
                    <constructor-arg name="port" value="${redis.cluster.node1.port}"/>
                </bean>
                <bean class="redis.clients.jedis.HostAndPort">
                    <constructor-arg name="host" value="${redis.cluster.node2.host}"/>
                    <constructor-arg name="port" value="${redis.cluster.node2.port}"/>
                </bean>
                <bean class="redis.clients.jedis.HostAndPort">
                    <constructor-arg name="host" value="${redis.cluster.node3.host}"/>
                    <constructor-arg name="port" value="${redis.cluster.node3.port}"/>
                </bean>
                <bean class="redis.clients.jedis.HostAndPort">
                    <constructor-arg name="host" value="${redis.cluster.node4.host}"/>
                    <constructor-arg name="port" value="${redis.cluster.node4.port}"/>
                </bean>
                <bean class="redis.clients.jedis.HostAndPort">
                    <constructor-arg name="host" value="${redis.cluster.node5.host}"/>
                    <constructor-arg name="port" value="${redis.cluster.node5.port}"/>
                </bean>
                <bean class="redis.clients.jedis.HostAndPort">
                    <constructor-arg name="host" value="${redis.cluster.node6.host}"/>
                    <constructor-arg name="port" value="${redis.cluster.node6.port}"/>
                </bean>
            </set>
        </constructor-arg>
    </bean>
    <bean id="clusterJedisClient" class="com.hafiz.rest.component.impl.ClusterJedisClient"/> -->
</beans>

默认放开的是单机版配置，如需使用集群版请注释上面单机版配置，并打开下面集群版配置。

3.接着我们编写一个JedisClient接口类

package com.hafiz.component;

public interface JedisClient {
    
    String set(String key, String value);
    String get(String key);
    Long del(String key);
    Long hset(String key, String item, String value);
    String hget(String key, String item);
    Long hdel(String key, String... item);
    Long incr(String key);
    Long decr(String key);
    Long expire(String key, int seconds);
    Long ttl(String key);
}

4.然后我们给出单机版的实现类：SingleJedisClient.java 

package com.hafiz.component.impl;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import com.taotao.rest.component.JedisClient;

import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool;

/**
 * Redis单机客户端工具类
 * @author Administrator
 */
public class SingleJedisClient implements JedisClient {
    
    @Autowired
    private JedisPool jedisPool;

    @Override
    public String set(String key, String value) {
        Jedis client = jedisPool.getResource();
        String result = client.set(key, value);
        client.close();
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public String get(String key) {
        Jedis client = jedisPool.getResource();
        String result = client.get(key);
        client.close();
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public Long del(String key) {
        Jedis client = jedisPool.getResource();
        Long result = client.del(key);
        client.close();
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public Long hset(String key, String item, String value) {
        Jedis client = jedisPool.getResource();
        Long result = client.hset(key, item, value);
        client.close();
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public String hget(String key, String item) {
        Jedis client = jedisPool.getResource();
        String result = client.hget(key, item);
        client.close();
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public Long hdel(String key, String... item) {
        Jedis client = jedisPool.getResource();
        Long result = client.hdel(key, item);
        client.close();
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public Long incr(String key) {
        Jedis client = jedisPool.getResource();
        Long result = client.incr(key);
        client.close();
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public Long decr(String key) {
        Jedis client = jedisPool.getResource();
        Long result = client.decr(key);
        client.close();
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public Long expire(String key, int seconds) {
        Jedis client = jedisPool.getResource();
        Long result = client.expire(key, seconds);
        client.close();
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public Long ttl(String key) {
        Jedis client = jedisPool.getResource();
        Long result = client.ttl(key);
        client.close();
        return result;
    }

}

5.我们再提供集群版的实现类:ClusterJedisClient.java 

package com.hafiz.component.impl;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import com.taotao.rest.component.JedisClient;

import redis.clients.jedis.JedisCluster;

/**
 * Redis集群客户端工具类
 * @author Administrator
 */
public class ClusterJedisClient implements JedisClient {

    @Autowired
    private JedisCluster jedisCluster;
    
    @Override
    public String set(String key, String value) {
        return jedisCluster.set(key, value);
    }

    @Override
    public String get(String key) {
        return jedisCluster.get(key);
    }

    @Override
    public Long del(String key) {
        return jedisCluster.del(key);
    }

    @Override
    public Long hset(String key, String item, String value) {
        return jedisCluster.hset(key, item, value);
    }

    @Override
    public String hget(String key, String item) {
        return jedisCluster.hget(key, item);
    }

    @Override
    public Long hdel(String key, String... item) {
        return jedisCluster.hdel(key, item);
    }

    @Override
    public Long incr(String key) {
        return jedisCluster.incr(key);
    }

    @Override
    public Long decr(String key) {
        return jedisCluster.decr(key);
    }

    @Override
    public Long expire(String key, int seconds) {
        return jedisCluster.expire(key, seconds);
    }

    @Override
    public Long ttl(String key) {
        return jedisCluster.ttl(key);
    }

}

6.spring集成redis单元测试

package com.taotao.rest.test;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.taotao.rest.component.JedisClient;

public class SpringJedisTest {
    
    @Test
    public void testJedisClientSpring() throws Exception {
        //创建一个spring容器
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:spring/applicationContext-*.xml");
        //从容器中获得JedisClient对象
        JedisClient jedisClient = applicationContext.getBean(JedisClient.class);
        //jedisClient操作redis
        jedisClient.set("cliet1", "1000");
        String string = jedisClient.get("cliet1");
        System.out.println(string);
    }
}

四、总结

　　通过本文我们对jedis的使用有了进一步的了解，知道了如何使用spring对redis进行集成，也对jedisClient做了单机以及集群的实现。很有成就感，未来走向架构师的路还有很远，继续努力吧！