深入了解Vue组件 — Prop(上)

1.Prop

1.1 Prop的大小写

HTML 中的特性名是大小写不敏感的,所以浏览器会把所有大写字符解释为小写字符。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">      
        <style>
            
        </style>
        <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/vue/2.4.2/vue.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
		<div id="app">
			<blog-post post-title="hello!"></blog-post>
		</div>
        <script>
			Vue.component('blog-post', {
			  // 在 JavaScript 中是 camelCase 的
			  props: ['postTitle'],
			  template: '<h3>{{ postTitle }}</h3>'
			})
			
			new Vue({
				el: '#app',
				data: {
					
				}
			});
        </script>
    </body>
</html>

注意到在JavaScript中使用postTitle(驼峰命名法),在自定义组件<blog-post>中使用post-title(短横线分隔命名法)。

1.2 Prop 类型

一般情况下,我们以字符串数组形式列出的 prop。

props: ['title', 'likes', 'isPublished', 'commentIds', 'author']

我们可以以对象形式列出prop。这些属性的名称和值分别是 prop 各自的名称和类型。

props: {
  title: String,
  likes: Number,
  isPublished: Boolean,
  commentIds: Array,
  author: Object,
  callback: Function,
  contactsPromise: Promise // or any other constructor
}

1.3 传递动态Prop

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">      
        <style>
            
        </style>
        <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/vue/2.4.2/vue.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div id="app">
            <blog-post v-bind:title="post.title"></blog-post>
        </div>
        <script>
            Vue.component('blog-post', {
              props: ['title'],
              template: '<h3>{{ title }}</h3>'
            })
            
            new Vue({
                el: '#app',
                data: {
                    post: {
						title: 'Hello'
					}
                }
            });
        </script>
    </body>
</html>

1.3.1 传入一个数字

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">      
        <style>
            
        </style>
        <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/vue/2.4.2/vue.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div id="app">
            <blog-post v-bind:likes="42" v-bind:likes1="post.likes1"></blog-post>
        </div>
        <script>
            Vue.component('blog-post', {
              props: {
				likes: Number,
				likes1: String,
			  },
              template: '<div><p>{{ typeof likes }}</p><p>{{ typeof likes1 }}</p></div>'
            })
            
            new Vue({
                el: '#app',
                data: {
					post: {
						// likes1: 10
						likes1: '10'
					}
                }
            });
        </script>
    </body>
</html>

注意:v-bind:likes="42"通过v-bind告诉 Vue 42是一个JavaScript表达式,而不是字符串;v-bind:likes1="post.likes1"则是用一个变量动态赋值。

1.3.2 传入一个布尔值

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">      
        <style>
            
        </style>
        <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/vue/2.4.2/vue.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div id="app">
			<!-- 包含该 prop 没有值的情况在内,都意味着 `true`。-->
            <blog-post is-published></blog-post>
			<blog-post v-bind:is-published="false"></blog-post>
			<blog-post v-bind:is-published="post.isPublished"></blog-post>
        </div>
        <script>
            Vue.component('blog-post', {
              props: {
				isPublished: Boolean,
			  },
              template: '<div><p>{{ isPublished }} - {{ typeof isPublished }}</p></div>'
            })
            
            new Vue({
                el: '#app',
                data: {
					post: {
						isPublished: false
					}
                }
            });
        </script>
    </body>
</html>

1.3.3 传入一个数组

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">      
        <style>
            
        </style>
        <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/vue/2.4.2/vue.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div id="app">
			<blog-post v-bind:comment-ids="[234, 266, 273]"></blog-post>
			<blog-post v-bind:comment-ids="post.commentIds"></blog-post>
        </div>
        <script>
            Vue.component('blog-post', {
              props: {
				commentIds: Array,
			  },
              template: '<ul><li v-for="(commentId, index) in commentIds" :key="index">{{ commentId }}</li></ul>'
            })
            
            new Vue({
                el: '#app',
                data: {
					post: {
						commentIds: [1, 2, 3]
					}
                }
            });
        </script>
    </body>
</html>

1.3.4 传入一个对象

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">      
        <style>
            
        </style>
        <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/vue/2.4.2/vue.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div id="app">
			<blog-post v-bind:author="{name: 'Veronica', company: 'Veridian Dynamics'}"></blog-post>
			<blog-post v-bind:author="post.author"></blog-post>
        </div>
        <script>
            Vue.component('blog-post', {
              props: {
				author: Object,
			  },
              template: '<div><p>name: {{ author.name }}</p><p>company: {{ author.company }}</p></div>'
            })
            
            new Vue({
                el: '#app',
                data: {
					post: {
						author: {name: 'Hjj', company: 'unknown'}
					}
                }
            });
        </script>
    </body>
</html>

1.3.5 传入一个对象的所有属性

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">      
        <style>
            
        </style>
        <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/vue/2.4.2/vue.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div id="app">
			<blog-post v-bind="post"></blog-post>
        </div>
        <script>
            Vue.component('blog-post', {
              template: '<div><p>hello</p></div>'
            })
            
            new Vue({
                el: '#app',
                data: {
					post: {
						id: 1,
						title: 'What'
					}
                }
            });
        </script>
    </body>
</html>

参考:

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/gzhjj/p/11772526.html