比较全面的sqlHelper(详细注释)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace DAL
{

    public class SqlHelper
    {
        private SqlConnection con = null;//定义一些下面要用到的数据
        private SqlCommand cmd = null;
        private SqlDataReader sdr = null;



        /// <summary>
        /// 构造函数,初始化用
        /// </summary>
        /// 
        public SqlHelper()
        {
            string str = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["connStr"].ConnectionString;  //连接字符串
            con = new SqlConnection(str);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取数据库的链接
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>打开之后返回去</returns>
        private SqlConnection GetCon()
        {
            if (con.State == ConnectionState.Closed)//判断下con的状态
            {
                con.Open();//判断一下,如果是关闭的话,就打开
            }

            return con;
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 执行不带参数的增删改SQL语句或存储过程
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sql">增删改SQL语句或存储过程</param>
        /// <param name="ct">命令类型</param>
        /// <returns>返回受影响的行</returns>
        public int ExecuteNonQuery(string sql, CommandType ct)
        {
            int res;//用来存储返回的行数
            try
            {
                cmd.CommandType = ct;//给command类型定义
                cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, GetCon());//执行cmd,数据库执行语句,调用GetCon函数,判断下数据库是否open
                res = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {

                throw ex;
            }
            finally
            {
                if (con.State == ConnectionState.Open)//最后用完需要关闭一下数据库,这里我们用try catch来操作,其实可以不用这么麻烦的,我们可以用using,这里只是写给广大读者看下
                {
                    con.Close();
                }

            }
            return res;
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 执行带参数的sql增删改语句/查询过程
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sql">sql增删改语句</param>
        /// <param name="ps">参数集合</param>
        /// <param name="ct">存储过程名字,类型</param>
        /// <returns>返回受影响的行</returns>
        public int ExecuteNonQuery(string sql, SqlParameter[] ps, CommandType ct)
        {
            int res;
            using (cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, GetCon()))
            {
                cmd.CommandType = ct;
                cmd.Parameters.AddRange(ps);
                res = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
            }
            return res;
        }

      /// <summary>
      /// 该方法可以执行sql查询和存储过程查询
      /// </summary>
      /// <param name="sql">传入得sql语句</param>
      /// <param name="ct">存储过程名字</param>
      /// <returns>返回一张表</returns>
        public DataTable ExecuteQuery(string sql,CommandType ct)
        {
            DataTable dt = new DataTable();
            cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, GetCon());
            cmd.CommandType = ct;
            using ( sdr = cmd.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior.CloseConnection))//因为加了参数了,所以sdr关闭的时候con也随着关闭,多看看
            {
                dt.Load(sdr);
            }
            return dt;

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 执行带参数的sql查询语句
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sql">sql查询语句</param>
        /// <param name="ps">参数集合</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public DataTable ExecuteQuery(string sql, SqlParameter[] ps, CommandType ct)
        {
            DataTable dt = new DataTable();
            cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, GetCon());
            cmd.CommandType=ct;
            cmd.Parameters.AddRange(ps);
            using (sdr = cmd.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior.CloseConnection))//因为加了参数了,所以sdr关闭的时候con也随着关闭,多看看
            {
                dt.Load(sdr);
            }
            return dt;

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 返回一行一列的值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sql"></param>
        /// <param name="ct"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public string ExecuteScalar(string sql, CommandType ct)/这个主要用来操作分页的时候获取总页数的操作
        {
            cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, GetCon());
            object obj = cmd.ExecuteScalar();
            using (sdr = cmd.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior.CloseConnection))//因为加了参数了,所以sdr关闭的时候con也随着关闭,多看看
            {
                if (obj != null)
                {
                    return obj.ToString();
                }
            }
            return "";



        }

    }
}

 注意:CommandBehavior.CloseConnection其用在ExecuteReader(c)中,因为其返回对象前不能关闭数据库连接,须用CommandBehavior.CloseConnection;

它能够保证当SqlDataReader对象被关闭时,其依赖的连接也会被自动关闭。

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/guyali/p/5383950.html