Sqoop是一个用来完成Hadoop和关系型数据库中的数据相互转移的工具，
他可以将关系型数据库（MySql,Oracle,Postgres等）中的数据导入Hadoop的HDFS中，
也可以将HDFS的数据导入关系型数据库中。
前期准备：
1.Sqoop需要安装在成功部署的Hadoop平台上，并且要求Hadoop已经正常启动。hadoop集群的搭建
2.安装了mysql数据库，并且已经启动.CentOS安装mysql源码包
3.下载mysql-connector-java-5.1.12.tar.gz。
安装过程；
1.下载sqoop-1.4.7.bin__hadoop-2.6.0.tar.gz压缩包。
2.上传至/usr/local/src
3.解压缩并且移动到上级目录（/usr/local）
4.解压缩mysql-connector-java-5.1.12.tar.gz文件，
并且复制文件mysql-connector-java-5.1.12-bin.jar到/usr/local/sqoop-1.4.7.bin__hadoop-2.6.0/lib中。
5.配置环境变量
cd /usr/local/sqoop-1.4.7.bin__hadoop-2.6.0/conf
cp sqoop-env-template.sh sqoop-env.sh
vim sqoop-env.sh
根据情况添加配置信息 内容如下：
# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more # contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with # this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. # The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 # (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with # the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. # included in all the hadoop scripts with source command # should not be executable directly # also should not be passed any arguments, since we need original $* # Set Hadoop-specific environment variables here. #Set path to where bin/hadoop is available export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop-2.6.5 #Set path to where hadoop-*-core.jar is available export HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop-2.6.5 #set the path to where bin/hbase is available export HBASE_HOME=/usr/local/hbase-1.4.8 #Set the path to where bin/hive is available export HIVE_HOME=/usr/local/apache-hive-2.1.0-bin #Set the path for where zookeper config dir is export ZOOCFGDIR=/usr/local/zookeeper/conf
6.配置linux的环境变量
cd
vim .bash_profile
在结尾添加如下代码：
#sqoop export SQOOP_HOME=/usr/local/sqoop-1.4.7.bin__hadoop-2.6.0/ export PATH=$PATH:$SQOOP_HOME/bin
7.保存退出；时文件生效：
source .bash_profile
8.测试与mysql的连接：
cd /usr/local/sqoop-1.4.7.bin__hadoop-2.6.0/bin
sqoop list-databases --connect jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306 --username root -P
输入密码后会显示具体的数据库列表
9.查看具体数据库中的 表信息：
sqoop list-tables --connect jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db1 --username root -P
10.执行查询语句：
sqoop -eval --connect jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db1 --username root -P --query "select * from a limit 5"