Hibernate POJO在序列化(JSON)时遇到的若干问题

假设某 POJO 有属性如下:

private Set<User> users = new HashSet<>(0);

@OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, mappedBy = "xuser")
 public Set<User> getUsers() {
    return this.users;
}

如果我们使用jackson将其序列化,运行时会报错:

failed to lazily initialize a collection of role ...

解决方法一:

通过 Hibernate 的 OpenSessionInViewFilter 使得 FetchType 为 LAZY 的属性在序列化时为空,在 web.xml 中添加代码如下:

<filter>  
    <filter-name>openSession</filter-name>  
    <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>  
    <init-param>  
        <param-name>singleSession</param-name>  
        <param-value>false</param-value>  
    </init-param>  
</filter>  
<filter-mapping>  
    <filter-name>openSession</filter-name>  
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
</filter-mapping>

尽管 users 为空,但字段依然保留,对应输出:

{...,"users":[],...}

解决方法二:

在属性的 get 方法之前加上注解 @JsonIgnore,如此在转换为 JSON 时该字段被忽略:

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore;
 
private Set<User> users = new HashSet<>(0);
@JsonIgnore
@OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, mappedBy = "xuser")
 public Set<User> getUsers() {
    return this.users;
}

注意引入的类是 com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore,如果使用 org.codehaus.jackson.annotate.JsonIgnore 则不能生效,见 Spring @JsonIgnore not working

解决方法三:

fetch = FetchType.LAZY 改为 fetch = FetchType.EAGER,但这样会导致每次查询数据库都要立即提取 OneToMany 的所有对象,所以非常不推荐

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/gugia/p/5117735.html