1、检查CPU是否支持虚拟化
sh-4.2# grep -E '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo # 若是无任何显示，则表示CPU不支持kvm虚拟化
2、关闭selinux
sh-4.2# sed -i '1,$ s/enforcing/disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config sh-4.2# reboot
3、卸载防火墙
sh-4.2# rpm -qa | grep "iptables" | xargs rpm -e --nodeps sh-4.2# rpm -qa | grep "firewall" | xargs rpm -e --nodeps
4、配置本地源
sh-4.2# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/GuGe.repo [GuGe] name=GuGe baseurl=ftp://192.168.1.125 gpgcheck=0 enable=1 # 这里仅使用了iso镜像源
5、安装软件
sh-4.2# yum install qemu-kvm libvirt virt-install bridge-utils -y # 检查安装是否成功，如果出现下列显示，则表示成功 sh-4.2# lsmod | grep kvm kvm_intel 170086 0 kvm 566340 1 kvm_intel irqbypass 13503 1 kvm
6、启动程序
sh-4.2# systemctl start libvirtd sh-4.2# systemctl enable libvirtd
7、配置程序
# 配置桥接网卡 sh-4.2# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0 sh-4.2# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0 BOOTPROTO=static DEVICE=br0 TYPE=Bridge NM_CONTROLLED=no IPADDR=192.168.1.125 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 GATEWAY=192.168.1.1 DNS1=8.8.8.8 sh-4.2# cp /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp7s0 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp7s0.bak sh-4.2# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp7s0 sh-4.2# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp7s0 BOOTPROTO=none DEVICE=enp7s0 NM_CONTROLLED=no ONBOOT=yes BRIDGE=br0 sh-4.2# systemctl restart network.service sh-4.2# ifconfig br0 br0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.1.125 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255 ether 00:e0:2b:68:0a:ad txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 78 bytes 5593 (5.4 KiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 57 bytes 6390 (6.2 KiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 # 配置kvm虚拟机存放位置，这里就做过多描述了；看后续操作即可明白 sh-4.2# parted /dev/sdb GNU Parted 3.1 Using /dev/sdb Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands. (parted) mkpart Error: /dev/sdb: unrecognised disk label (parted) mk mklabel mkpart mktable (parted) mklabel New disk label type? gpt (parted) mkpart /dev/sdb File system type? [ext2]? xfs Start? 1 End? 2T (parted) quit Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab. sh-4.2# partprobe sh-4.2# lsblk -f NAME FSTYPE LABEL UUID MOUNTPOINT sda ├─sda1 xfs 3abc71fb-6c9d-4fe6-a432-b5a48643f8bb /boot ├─sda2 xfs fd28aad6-4cc8-48a7-beed-91624ea06746 / ├─sda3 swap 76b8f6e8-33b3-4fc0-90fc-b243c1d69cfb [SWAP] └─sda4 xfs b34c005c-15dd-4ade-b6d4-3cda14127116 /FTP sdb └─sdb1 sh-4.2# mkfs -t xfs /dev/sdb1 meta-data=/dev/sdb1 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=122094592 blks = sectsz=4096 attr=2, projid32bit=1 = crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0 data = bsize=4096 blocks=488378368, imaxpct=5 = sunit=0 swidth=0 blks naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1 log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=238466, version=2 = sectsz=4096 sunit=1 blks, lazy-count=1 realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0 sh-4.2# vi /etc/fstab sh-4.2# grep -E -v '^$|^#' /etc/fstab UUID=fd28aad6-4cc8-48a7-beed-91624ea06746 / xfs defaults 0 0 UUID=3abc71fb-6c9d-4fe6-a432-b5a48643f8bb /boot xfs defaults 0 0 UUID=76b8f6e8-33b3-4fc0-90fc-b243c1d69cfb swap swap defaults 0 0 UUID=b34c005c-15dd-4ade-b6d4-3cda14127116 /FTP xfs defaults 0 0 UUID=eb08ac4c-9b16-491b-b735-9f5cecfd8ba6 /disk xfs defaults 0 0 sh-4.2# mkdir /disk sh-4.2# mount -a sh-4.2# lsblk -f NAME FSTYPE LABEL UUID MOUNTPOINT sda ├─sda1 xfs 3abc71fb-6c9d-4fe6-a432-b5a48643f8bb /boot ├─sda2 xfs fd28aad6-4cc8-48a7-beed-91624ea06746 / ├─sda3 swap 76b8f6e8-33b3-4fc0-90fc-b243c1d69cfb [SWAP] └─sda4 xfs b34c005c-15dd-4ade-b6d4-3cda14127116 /FTP sdb └─sdb1 xfs eb08ac4c-9b16-491b-b735-9f5cecfd8ba6 /disk # 我这里已经准备好了ISO镜像，可以开始创建虚拟机了；我一般是用vnc操作虚拟机，也可以通过字符界面直接操作，我嫌太麻烦，就直接vnc操作了 # vnc下载地址：https://www.realvnc.com/en/connect/download/viewer/ sh-4.2# virt-install -n Centos7-1 -r 12288 --disk /disk/Centos7-1.img,format=qcow2,size=100 --vcpus=16 --network bridge=br0 --os-type=linux
sh-4.2# --cdrom /FTP/ftp/镜像软件/iso/linux/Centos/7.4/CentOS-7-x86_64-Everything-1708.iso --vnc --vncport=5910 --vnclisten=0.0.0.0
8、开启宿主机远程连接虚拟机权限（可选操作）
sh-4.2# vim /etc/default/grub 用如下内容覆盖原有内容： GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR="$(sed 's, release .*$,,g' /etc/system-release)" GRUB_DEFAULT=saved GRUB_DISABLE_SUBMENU=true GRUB_TERMINAL="console serial" GRUB_SERIAL_COMMAND="serial --speed=115200 --unit=0 --word=8 --parity=no --stop=1" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="rd.lvm.lv=centos/root rd.lvm.lv=centos/swap rhgb" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="console=tty1 console=ttyS0,115200" GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true" sh-4.2# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg sh-4.2# reboot sh-4.2# yum install -y acpid(客户端开启电源管理功能，这样就能在宿主机中设置虚拟机随宿主机启动而启动)
9、常用命令
virsh console vmname 在服务器端连接虚拟机 virsh shutdown vmname 关闭虚拟机 virsh list --all 显示所有虚拟机及状态 virsh reboot vmname 重启虚拟机 virsh start vmname 启动虚拟机 virsh console vmname 连接虚拟机 ctrl + ] 关闭连接 virsh suspend vmname 挂起虚拟机 virsh resume vmname 恢复虚拟机 virsh dumpxml vmname 查看虚拟机配置详情 virsh autostart vmname 设置虚拟机随宿主机启动而启动 virsh autostart --disable vmname 取消虚拟机随宿主机启动而启动 virsh destroy vmname 强制关机 virsh undefine vmname 解除虚拟机，然后删除虚拟机文件(*.img)；这样才能彻底删除虚拟机，并且释放空间。 virsh start vmname --console 启动并远程连接 qemu-img create -f qcow2 /var/lib/libvirt/images/kvm01-1.img 20G 创建一个20G的磁盘文件，格式qcow2 virsh attach-disk vmname /var/lib/libvirt/images/kvm01-1.img vdb --cache=none --subdriver=qcow2 在线添加硬盘 virt-clone -o vmname1 -n vmname2 -f /var/lib/libvirt/images/vmname02.img 克隆一个虚拟机 虚拟机信息的修改 virsh shutdown name cd /etc/libvirt/qemu virsh dumpxml old_name > new_name.xml # 直接更改new_name.xml，更换想要更换的信息 virsh undefine old_name virsh define new_name.xml virsh list --all
10、参考地址
https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-01/140007.htm http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-30022178-id-5749329.html https://blog.csdn.net/zxj1988/article/details/8530414 http://www.361way.com/virt-install/2721.html https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37594711/article/details/61917902 https://www.cnblogs.com/createyuan/p/3741479.html https://blog.csdn.net/wh211212/article/details/74908390 https://www.cnblogs.com/chenjiahe/p/5919426.html https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-01/140009.htm?utm_source=tuicool&utm_medium=referral