http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%2B%2B
看看ｗｉｋｉ 的解释：
The language began as enhancements to C, first adding classes, then virtual functions, operator overloading, multiple inheritance,templates, and exception handling among other features. After years of development, the C++ programming language standard was ratified in 1998 as ISO/IEC 14882:1998.//起初是ｃ的加强板（所以ｃ＋＋里面有ｃ的ｌｉｂａｒａｙ），第一次引入类，然后加入虚函数，多继承等特性，直到１９９８年加入ｓｔｌ库
看看百科里找的图片
一个ｃ＋＋标准库包含ｃ库＋其他的一些模块＋ｓｔｌ
再来看看ｃ＋＋可以用到得哪些知识
http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/
The standard C++ library is a collection of functions, constants, classes, objects and templates that extends the C++ language providing basic functionality to perform several tasks, like classes to interact with the operating system, data containers, manipulators to operate with them and algorithms commonly needed.
It can be divided into
C Library// Ｃ库
Containers// 容器
Input/Output Stream Library //输入输出库
Atomics and threading library //原子操作和线程库
[under construction]（好像２０１１年搞定了）
Miscellaneous headers // 五花八门的头文件 正则表达式划到这里面
使用Ｃ++例子里面的ｃ库的/* fgetwc example */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <wchar.h>
int main ()
{
FILE * pFile;
wint_t wc;
int n = 0;
pFile=fopen ("myfile.txt","r");
if (pFile!=NULL)
{
do {
wc = fgetwc (pFile);
if (wc == L'$') n++;
} while (wc != WEOF);
fclose (pFile);
wprintf (L"The file contains %d dollar sign characters ($).\n",n);
}
return 0;
}