1.QTest介绍

PyQt程序可以使用QTest进行自动测试。
QTest要配合unittest使用。

QTest可以对窗体中的各种控件进行模拟操作

类型	函数	说明
键盘操作	KeyClick()	键盘按一个键
	KeyClicks()	键盘按多个键
	KeyEvent()	键盘事件
	KeyPress()	键盘按下
	KeyRelease()	键盘释放
鼠标操作	mouseClick()	鼠标单击
	mouseDClick()	鼠标双击
	mouseMove()	鼠标移动
	mousePress()	鼠标按下
	mouseRelease()	鼠标释放

2. 实例

UI效果图：
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UI代码(保存为文件main_window.py):

import sys
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets
from PyQt5 import QtCore
from PyQt5 import QtGui

class CMainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super().__init__(parent)

        self.o_btn_pre = self._gen_btn_pre()
        self.o_btn_next = self._gen_btn_next()
        self.o_btn_clear = self._gen_btn_clear()
        self.o_label = self._gen_label()

        self.o_central_widget = self._gen_central_widget()
        self.setCentralWidget(self.o_central_widget)

    def _gen_btn_pre(self):
        _o_btn = QtWidgets.QPushButton('减一')
        _o_btn.setFont(QtGui.QFont('Roman times', 15))
        _o_btn.clicked.connect(self._on_btn_pre_clicked)
        return _o_btn

    def _on_btn_pre_clicked(self):
        i = self._get_label_value()
        self.o_label.setText(f'{i-1}')

    def _gen_btn_next(self):
        _o_btn = QtWidgets.QPushButton('加一')
        _o_btn.setFont(QtGui.QFont('Roman times', 15))
        _o_btn.clicked.connect(self._on_btn_next_clicked)
        return _o_btn

    def _on_btn_next_clicked(self):
        _i = self._get_label_value()
        self.o_label.setText(f'{_i+1}')

    def _gen_btn_clear(self):
        _o_btn = QtWidgets.QPushButton('回零')
        _o_btn.setFont(QtGui.QFont('Roman times', 15))
        _o_btn.clicked.connect(self._on_btn_clear_clicked)
        return _o_btn

    def _on_btn_clear_clicked(self):
        self.o_label.setText(f'0')

    def _gen_label(self):
        _o_label = QtWidgets.QLabel('0')
        _o_label.setFont(QtGui.QFont('Roman times', 40))
        return _o_label

    def _get_label_value(self):
        _i = int(self.o_label.text())
        return _i

    def _gen_central_widget(self):
        _o_widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
        _o_widget.setLayout(self._gen_layout())
        return _o_widget

    def _gen_layout(self):
        _o_layout_label = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
        _o_layout_label.addStretch(1)
        _o_layout_label.addWidget(self.o_label)
        _o_layout_label.addStretch(1)

        _o_layout_btn = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
        _o_layout_btn.addWidget(self.o_btn_pre)
        _o_layout_btn.addWidget(self.o_btn_next)
        _o_layout_btn.addWidget(self.o_btn_clear)

        _o_layout_main = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout()
        _o_layout_main.addLayout(_o_layout_label)
        _o_layout_main.addLayout(_o_layout_btn)

        return _o_layout_main

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    win = CMainWindow()
    win.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

UI测试效果图：
avatar
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测试代码：保存为文件test_ui.py

import sys
import unittest # 导入单元测试模块

from PyQt5 import QtWidgets
from PyQt5 import QtCore
from PyQt5 import QtTest # 导入PyQt测试模块

from main_window import CMainWindow # 导入自定义窗口

class TestUi(unittest.TestCase): # 创建TestCase

    def setUp(self):

        # 在setUp中对窗口进行实例化(需要先例化app, 不需要窗口.show()和app.exec())
        self.o_app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
        self.o_main_window = CMainWindow()
        #self.o_main_window.show()
        #sys.exit(self.o_app.exec_())

    def test_btn_clear(self):
        # 测试回零按钮

        # 先点几下减一按钮, 再点击回零按钮, 判断值是否为0
        QtTest.QTest.mouseClick(self.o_main_window.o_btn_pre, QtCore.Qt.LeftButton)
        QtTest.QTest.mouseClick(self.o_main_window.o_btn_pre, QtCore.Qt.LeftButton)
        QtTest.QTest.mouseClick(self.o_main_window.o_btn_pre, QtCore.Qt.LeftButton)
        QtTest.QTest.mouseClick(self.o_main_window.o_btn_clear, QtCore.Qt.LeftButton)
        self.assertEqual('0', self.o_main_window.o_label.text())

        # 先点几下加一按钮, 再点击回零按钮, 判断值是否为0
        QtTest.QTest.mouseClick(self.o_main_window.o_btn_next, QtCore.Qt.LeftButton)
        QtTest.QTest.mouseClick(self.o_main_window.o_btn_next, QtCore.Qt.LeftButton)
        QtTest.QTest.mouseClick(self.o_main_window.o_btn_next, QtCore.Qt.LeftButton)
        QtTest.QTest.mouseClick(self.o_main_window.o_btn_clear, QtCore.Qt.LeftButton)
        self.assertEqual('0', self.o_main_window.o_label.text())
        #print('btn_clear done')

    def test_btn_pre(self):
        # 测试减一按钮

        _i = self.o_main_window._get_label_value()

        # 点击减一, 看数值是否减一
        QtTest.QTest.mouseClick(self.o_main_window.o_btn_pre, QtCore.Qt.LeftButton)
        self.assertEqual(f'{_i-1}', self.o_main_window.o_label.text())

        # 再点击减一, 看数值是否又减一
        QtTest.QTest.mouseClick(self.o_main_window.o_btn_pre, QtCore.Qt.LeftButton)
        self.assertEqual(f'{_i-2}', self.o_main_window.o_label.text())
        #print('btn_pre done')

    def test_btn_next(self):
        # 测试加一按钮
        _i = self.o_main_window._get_label_value()

        # 点击加一, 看数值是否加一
        QtTest.QTest.mouseClick(self.o_main_window.o_btn_next, QtCore.Qt.LeftButton)
        self.assertEqual(f'{_i+1}', self.o_main_window.o_label.text())

        # 再点击加一, 看数值是否又加一
        QtTest.QTest.mouseClick(self.o_main_window.o_btn_next, QtCore.Qt.LeftButton)
        self.assertEqual(f'{_i+2}', self.o_main_window.o_label.text())
        #print('btn_next done')

        # 再点击加一, 但比较值不是_i+3，会报告Fail。
        QtTest.QTest.mouseClick(self.o_main_window.o_btn_next, QtCore.Qt.LeftButton)
        self.assertEqual(f'{_i+2}', self.o_main_window.o_label.text())
        #print('btn_next done')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()