爬取全部的校园新闻

这个作业的要求来自于：https://edu.cnblogs.com/campus/gzcc/GZCC-16SE2/homework/2941。

1.从新闻url获取新闻详情：字典,anews

#获取一篇新闻的全部信息
import re
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from datetime import datetime

#获取点击次数
def click(url):
    id=re.findall('(d{1,5})',url)[-1]
    clickUrl='http://oa.gzcc.cn/api.php?op=count&id={}&modelid=80'.format(id)
    resClick=requests.get(clickUrl)
    newsClick=int(resClick.text.split('.html')[-1].lstrip("('").rstrip("');"))
    return newsClick
 
#发布时间:转换成datetime类型
def newsdt(showinfo):
    newsDate=showinfo.split()[0].split(':')[1]
    newsTime=showinfo.split()[1]
    newsDT=newsDate+' '+newsTime
    dt=datetime.strptime(newsDT,'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
    return dt
    
def anews(url):
    newsDetail = {}
    res=requests.get(url)
    res.encoding='utf-8'
    soup=BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser')
    newsDetail['nenewsTitle']=soup.select('.show-title')[0].text#标题
    showinfo = soup.select('.show-info')[0].text
    newsDetail['newsDT'] = newsdt(showinfo)
    newsDetail['newsClick']=click(newsUrl)
    return newsDetail
      
newsUrl='http://news.gzcc.cn/html/2005/xiaoyuanxinwen_0710/4.html'
anews(newsUrl)

#做成字典
res=requests.get('http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/')
res.encoding = 'utf-8'
soup=BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser')
for news in soup.select('li'):
    if len(news.select('.news-list-title'))>0:
        newsUrl  = news.select('a')[0]['href']
        print(anews(newsUrl))

2.从列表页的url获取新闻url：列表append(字典) alist

def alist(url):
    res=requests.get(listUrl)
    res.encoding = 'utf-8'
    soup=BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser')
    newsList = []
    for news in soup.select('li'):
        if len(news.select('.news-list-title'))>0:
            newsUrl  = news.select('a')[0]['href']
            newsDesc = news.select('.news-list-description')[0].text
            newsDict = anews(newsUrl)
            newsDict['description']=newsDesc
            newsList.append(newsDict)
    return newsList

listUrl='http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/{}.html'.format(i)
alist(listUrl)

3.生成所页列表页的url并获取全部新闻：列表extend(列表) allnews

*每个同学爬学号尾数开始的10个列表页

allnews =[]

for i in range(80,89):
    listUrl='http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/{}.html'.format(i)
    allnews.extend(alist(listUrl))

import pandas as pd
newsdf = pd.DataFrame(allnews)
newsdf

4.设置合理的爬取间隔

import time

import random

time.sleep(random.random()*3)

5.用pandas做简单的数据处理并保存

保存到csv或excel文件

newsdf.to_csv(r'F:duym爬虫gzccnews.csv')

保存到数据库

import sqlite3
with sqlite3.connect('gzccnewsdb.sqlite') as db:
newsdf.to_sql('gzccnewsdb',db)