djngo快速实现--使用Bootstrap

继续django学习之旅，之前我们所做的Django练习前端都非常丑。这节我们使用Bootstrap，顿时使丑陋的页面变成白天鹅。

安装Bootstrap

Bootstrap是什么？

Bootstrap是Twitter推出的一个用于前端开发的开源工具包。它由Twitter的设计师Mark Otto和Jacob Thornton合作开发，是一个CSS/HTML框架。Bootstrap提供了优雅的HTML和CSS规范，它即是由动态CSS语言Less写成。

django-bootstrap-toolkit

django-bootstrap-toolkit应用可以让Django非容易的集成Bootstrap。

安装django-bootstrap-toolkit

>pip install django-bootstrap-toolkit

运行bootstrap例子

克隆django-bootstrap-toolkit 项目

https://github.com/dyve/django-bootstrap-toolkit

$ git clone git://github.com/dyve/django-bootstrap-toolkit.git

克隆下来的django-bootstrap-toolkit 项目自带demo_project，现在我们可以直接运行这个demo了。

进入demo_project 目录运行：

> python manage.py runserver

通过浏览器访问：http://127.0.0.1:8000/

wa o !! cool 比我们之前的djngo例子好看多了。

预览demo_project

来看一下这个项目的结构吧！

通过前面多个django项目练习，我们已经对这个目录结构不陌生了。下面看看这个例子要特别注意的：

settings.py

……
INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.sites',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
    # 'django.contrib.admin',
    # Uncomment the next line to enable admin documentation:
    # 'django.contrib.admindocs',
    'bootstrap_toolkit',
    'demo_app',
)
……

要想使用bootstrap，这里必须加载bootstrap_toolkit ，demo_app则是我们当前的项目。

urls.py

from django.conf.urls import patterns, url

# Uncomment the next two lines to enable the admin:
# from django.contrib import admin
# admin.autodiscover()
from django.views.generic import TemplateView

urlpatterns = patterns('',
    # Examples:
    # url(r'^$', 'demo_project.views.home', name='home'),
    # url(r'^demo_project/', include('demo_project.foo.urls')),

    # Uncomment the admin/doc line below to enable admin documentation:
    # url(r'^admin/doc/', include('django.contrib.admindocs.urls')),

    # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
    # url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),

    url(r'^$', TemplateView.as_view(template_name='index.html'), name="home"),
    url(r'^contact$', TemplateView.as_view(template_name='contact.html'), name="contact"),
    url(r'^form$', 'demo_app.views.demo_form'),
    url(r'^form_template$', 'demo_app.views.demo_form_with_template'),
    url(r'^form_inline$', 'demo_app.views.demo_form_inline'),
    url(r'^formset$', 'demo_app.views.demo_formset', {}, "formset"),
    url(r'^tabs$', 'demo_app.views.demo_tabs', {}, "tabs"),
    url(r'^pagination$', 'demo_app.views.demo_pagination', {}, "pagination"),
    url(r'^widgets$', 'demo_app.views.demo_widgets', {}, "widgets"),
    url(r'^buttons$', TemplateView.as_view(template_name='buttons.html'), name="buttons"),
)

下面再看看views.py写了哪些中间逻辑：

from django.contrib import messages
from django.forms.formsets import formset_factory
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
from django.template.context import RequestContext
from django.core.paginator import Paginator, PageNotAnInteger, EmptyPage

from bootstrap_toolkit.widgets import BootstrapUneditableInput

from .forms import TestForm, TestModelForm, TestInlineForm, WidgetsForm, FormSetInlineForm


def demo_form_with_template(request):
    layout = request.GET.get('layout')
    if not layout:
        layout = 'vertical'
    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = TestForm(request.POST)
        form.is_valid()
    else:
        form = TestForm()
    modelform = TestModelForm()
    return render_to_response('form_using_template.html', RequestContext(request, {
        'form': form,
        'layout': layout,
    }))

def demo_form(request):
    messages.success(request, 'I am a success message.')
    layout = request.GET.get('layout')
    if not layout:
        layout = 'vertical'
    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = TestForm(request.POST)
        form.is_valid()
    else:
        form = TestForm()
    form.fields['title'].widget = BootstrapUneditableInput()
    return render_to_response('form.html', RequestContext(request, {
        'form': form,
        'layout': layout,
    }))

def demo_form_inline(request):
    layout = request.GET.get('layout', '')
    if layout != 'search':
        layout = 'inline'
    form = TestInlineForm()
    return render_to_response('form_inline.html', RequestContext(request, {
        'form': form,
        'layout': layout,
    }))


def demo_formset(request):
    layout = request.GET.get('layout')
    if not layout:
        layout = 'inline'
    DemoFormSet = formset_factory(FormSetInlineForm)
    if request.method == 'POST':
        formset = DemoFormSet(request.POST, request.FILES)
        formset.is_valid()
    else:
        formset = DemoFormSet()
    return render_to_response('formset.html', RequestContext(request, {
        'formset': formset,
        'layout': layout,
    }))


def demo_tabs(request):
    layout = request.GET.get('layout')
    if not layout:
        layout = 'tabs'
    tabs = [
        {
            'link': "#",
            'title': 'Tab 1',
            },
        {
            'link': "#",
            'title': 'Tab 2',
            }
    ]
    return render_to_response('tabs.html', RequestContext(request, {
        'tabs': tabs,
        'layout': layout,
    }))


def demo_pagination(request):
    lines = []
    for i in range(10000):
        lines.append(u'Line %s' % (i + 1))
    paginator = Paginator(lines, 10)
    page = request.GET.get('page')
    try:
        show_lines = paginator.page(page)
    except PageNotAnInteger:
        # If page is not an integer, deliver first page.
        show_lines = paginator.page(1)
    except EmptyPage:
        # If page is out of range (e.g. 9999), deliver last page of results.
        show_lines = paginator.page(paginator.num_pages)
    return render_to_response('pagination.html', RequestContext(request, {
        'lines': show_lines,
    }))


def demo_widgets(request):
    layout = request.GET.get('layout', 'vertical')
    form = WidgetsForm()
    return render_to_response('form.html', RequestContext(request, {
        'form': form,
        'layout': layout,
    }))

剩下的就是模板目录templates 了，里面的html模板页面较多，我就不一一列出了。不过，现在最兴奋的就是去修改上面的文字，让其看起来更像我们自己的“网站”。

　　在后面的学习中，我们将以此为基础进行。