学习资料：http://www.michael-noll.com/tutorials/running-hadoop-on-ubuntu-linux-single-node-cluster/
上一篇中已经成功在虚拟机的ubuntu环境上搭建了hadoop2.7.2的伪分布式集群，这一篇来运行一个map reduce job,计算指定文件中每个单词出现的次数：
1.下载文件到本地目录：
hduser@ubuntu:/home/miranda/usr/hadoop$ ls -l /home/miranda/Downloads/
total 3596
-rw-rw-r-- 1 miranda miranda 1428841 Feb 21 23:42 5000-8.txt
-rw-rw-r-- 1 miranda miranda 674570 Feb 21 23:41 pg20417.txt
-rw-rw-r-- 1 miranda miranda 1573151 Feb 21 23:45 pg4300.txt
2.重启hadoop集群
关闭：
hduser@ubuntu:/home/miranda/usr/hadoop$ bash /home/miranda/usr/hadoop/sbin/stop-all.sh
开启：
hduser@ubuntu:/home/miranda/usr/hadoop$ bash /home/miranda/usr/hadoop/sbin/start-all.sh
查看进程：
hduser@ubuntu:/home/miranda/usr/hadoop$ jps
10756 NodeManager
10460 SecondaryNameNode
10118 NameNode
10246 DataNode
5763 GetConf
10624 ResourceManager
11068 Jps
正常启动
3.将本地文件复制到hdfs中
创建hdfs路径目录：hduser@ubuntu:/home/miranda/usr/hadoop$ hadoop fs -mkdir /input
复制：hduser@ubuntu:/home/miranda/usr/hadoop$ bin/hadoop dfs -copyFromLocal /home/miranda/Downloads /input
查看hdfs上的文件：
hduser@ubuntu:/home/miranda/usr/hadoop$ bin/hadoop dfs -ls /input
DEPRECATED: Use of this script to execute hdfs command is deprecated.
Instead use the hdfs command for it.
Found 1 items
drwxr-xr-x - hduser supergroup 0 2016-02-22 05:22 /input/Downloads
hduser@ubuntu:/home/miranda/usr/hadoop$ bin/hadoop dfs -ls /input/Downloads
DEPRECATED: Use of this script to execute hdfs command is deprecated.
Instead use the hdfs command for it.
Found 3 items
-rw-r--r-- 1 hduser supergroup 1428841 2016-02-22 05:22 /input/Downloads/5000-8.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 hduser supergroup 674570 2016-02-22 05:22 /input/Downloads/pg20417.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 hduser supergroup 1573151 2016-02-22 05:22 /input/Downloads/pg4300.txt
4.运行map reduce job
创建输出目录：
hduser@ubuntu:/home/miranda/usr/hadoop$ hadoop fs -mkdir /testdata/output
jar可执行程序是自带的例子：
hduser@ubuntu:/home/miranda/usr/hadoop$ bin/hadoop jar /home/miranda/usr/hadoop/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.7.2.jar wordcount /input/Downloads /output
执行过程有点慢，，，，
输出成功
hduser@ubuntu:/home/miranda/usr/hadoop$ bin/hadoop dfs -ls /testdata/output
DEPRECATED: Use of this script to execute hdfs command is deprecated.
Instead use the hdfs command for it.
Found 2 items
-rw-r--r-- 1 hduser supergroup 0 2016-02-22 05:29 /testdata/output/_SUCCESS
-rw-r--r-- 1 hduser supergroup 883509 2016-02-22 05:29 /testdata/output/part-r-00000
5.查看HDFS上的输出结果
hduser@ubuntu:/home/miranda/usr/hadoop$ bin/hadoop dfs -cat /testdata/output/part-r-00000
截取一部分输出：
zenith 5
zephyrs, 1
zerfielen. 1
zero 3
zero; 1
zest 1
zest. 2
zigzag 2
zigzagging 1
zigzags, 1
操作成功！