Linux下dns服务器搭建
1-环境
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.7 (Santiago)
2-配置本地yum源安装dns相关包
yum -y install bind bind-chroot bind-utils
chkconfig named on
service named restart
3-修改相关配置文件
1- vim /etc/named.conf
options {
listen-on port 53 { any; };
//listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };//注销这行
directory "/var/named";
dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
allow-query { any; };
allow-query-cache {any; };//添加此行
allow-transfer {any; };//添加此行
forwarders {202.106.0.20; 210.51.176.71; 202.136.251.1; }; //添加转发
recursion yes;
dnssec-enable yes;
dnssec-validation yes;
dnssec-lookaside auto;
/* Path to ISC DLV key */
bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key";
managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic";
};
logging {
channel default_debug {
file "data/named.run";
severity dynamic;
};
};
zone "." IN {
type hint;
file "named.ca";
};
include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";
include "/etc/named.root.key";
2- 修改vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
添加下面两行信息
zone "fengge.com" IN {
type master;
file "fengge.com.zone";
allow-transfer {any;};
};
zone "14.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type master;
file "14.168.192.zone";
allow-transfer {any;};
};
3- 配置fengge.com.zone、14.168.192.zone文件
cp named.localhost fengge.com.zone
cp named.localhost 14.168.192.zone
vim fengge.com.zone
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA nagios.fengge.com. root (
0 ; serial
1D ; refresh
1H ; retry
1W ; expire
3H ) ; minimum
@ IN NS nagios.fengge.com.
//优先级：0-99，数字越小级别越高
@ IN MX 5(优先级) mail.fengge.com.
@ IN A 192.168.14.222
nagios IN A 192.168.14.222
mail IN A 192.168.14.222
pop IN A 192.168.14.222
pop3 IN A 192.168.14.222
vim 14.168.192.zone
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA nagios.fengge.com. root (
12 ; serial
28800 ; refresh
14400 ; retry
3600000 ; expire
86400 ) ; minimum
@ IN NS nagios.fengge.com.
222 IN PTR mail.fengge.com.
222 IN PTR pop.fengge.com.
SOA(Start Of Authority):起始授权记录，用于标明一个区域内部主从服务器之间如何同步数据，起始授权对象是谁的
ZONE NAME TTL IN SOA 主DNS服务器地址（FQDN） ADMINISTRATOR MAILBOX (serial number
refresh
retry
expire
na ttl)
NS(Name Server):ZONE NAME--->FQDN
MX(Mail exchanager):ZONE NAME--->FQDN
A (address): FQDN---->IPV4
AAAA:FQDN--->IPV6
PTR(pointer):IP--->FQDN
CNAME(Canoical NAME):FQDN--->FQDN
www2.magedu.com. IN CNAME www.magedu.com
www2.mageduc.om//别名
区域传送的类型：
完全区域传送：axfr
增量区域传送：ixfr
区域类型：
主区域：master
从区域：slave
提示区域：hint 定义根在哪里，找不到的都告诉根在哪里
转发区域：forward
4- 配置/etc/resolve.conf文件
server 127.0.0.1
search fengge.com
//添加上面两行信息
chmod +r /var/named/*
//一定要授权不然会出错。
4-测试
service named restart
nslookup
> 127.0.0.1
Server: 127.0.0.1
Address: 127.0.0.1#53
1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa name = localhost.
> nagios.fengge.com
Server: 127.0.0.1
Address: 127.0.0.1#53
Name: nagios.fengge.com
Address: 192.168.14.222
> nagios.fengge.com
Server: 127.0.0.1
Address: 127.0.0.1#53
Name: nagios.fengge.com
Address: 192.168.14.222
> 192.168.14.222
Server: 127.0.0.1
Address: 127.0.0.1#53
222.14.168.192.in-addr.arpa name = mail.fengge.com.
至此正向解析、和反向解析都解析完毕
备注：windows清dns缓存命令
ipconfig /flushdns
搭建主从dns服务器的时候报Oct 15 09:36:20 logclient1 named[9249]: dumping master file: slaved/tmp-MBaX6MOlPc: open: file not found
总结可能出现问题的原因有两条：
1-权限问题
/etc/named.conf /etc/named.rfc1912.zone /var/named/slaves
2-配置路径问题
/etc/named.rfc1912
zone "xingxing.com" IN {
type slave;
file "slaves/xingxing.com.zone";
masters { 192.161.14.222; };
// allow-transfer { none; };
};
zone "14.161.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type slave;
file "slaves/14.161.192.zone";
masters { 192.161.14.222; };
// allow-transfer { none; };
};
3-主从同步配置文件
注意要配置从服务器的NS记录
####备注
1-正向解析：即将FQDN转换为IP。
2-反向解析：即将IP转化为FQDN。
3-参考http://blog.51cto.com/longlei/2053983