ParentWindow属性及其一系列函数的作用——适合于那些不需要父控件管理内存释放的子控件

TWinControl = class(TControl)

    property ParentWindow: HWnd read FParentWindow write SetParentWindow; 

// 注意它的参数是windoows句柄,而不是Win控件,适合于那些不需要父控件管理内存释放的子控件

// 哲学,这个函数极少被用到(它是Delphi的写属性),只有菜单,ActiveX,THintWindow,TOpenPictureDialog,TOleForm和TShadowWindow用到
// important 重点是,研究一下,它与SetParent有什么区别就知道了:不加入父控件的子控件列表。而且此函数的参数是一个Windows句柄,不是Win控件

constructor CreateParented(ParentWindow: HWnd); // 创建一个没有Parent的Windows控件,只有ActiveX里有一处调用
class function CreateParentedControl(ParentWindow: HWnd): TWinControl; // 搜遍所有VCL源代码,它从未被使用

// 另外还想到一点:之所以这样做,也许为了让Application专门管理所有TForm的实例,别的Windows句柄可以挂载到Application.Handle,但不允许让别的Win控件挂载到Application(待验证)

function TWinControl.GetParentHandle: HWnd;
begin
if Parent <> nil then // important 优先使用Parent属性,然后再检查ParentWindow属性
Result := Parent.Handle
else
Result := ParentWindow; // 类函数,没有句柄会在这个函数里申请
end;

function TWinControl.GetTopParentHandle: HWnd;
var
C: TWinControl;
begin
C := Self;
while C.Parent <> nil do
C := C.Parent;
Result := C.ParentWindow;
if Result = 0 then Result := C.Handle;
end;

procedure TWinControl.SetFocus;
var
Parent: TCustomForm;
begin
Parent := GetParentForm(Self);
if Parent <> nil then
Parent.FocusControl(Self) // Form类函数,让Form来设置键盘焦点
else if ParentWindow <> 0 then
Windows.SetFocus(Handle) // API,为了避免混淆函数名,加上了单元名
else
ValidParentForm(Self); // 全局函数
end;

constructor TWinControl.CreateParented(ParentWindow: HWnd);
begin
// Creates and initializes a control as the child of a specified non-VCL container.
// Call CreateParented to embed a new control in a non-VCL parent window.
// TActiveXControl objects call CreateParented to create an ActiveX control as a child of the host application's client site window.
// 外部传入句柄后,不重新创建,但覆盖属性(没彻底搞清楚)
FParentWindow := ParentWindow; // 给类实例添加句柄后重新创建?这里不是Delphi属性赋值,不会引起连锁反应
Create(nil); // fixme 貌似把之前的许多属性给弄没了,重新创建并赋值一份。这样调用构造函数,有意思。
end;

class function TWinControl.CreateParentedControl(ParentWindow: HWnd): TWinControl;
begin
// 外部传入句柄后,重新创建
// 类函数,所以完全重新创建一个类实例,并返回这个类实例
Result := TWinControl(NewInstance); // 有实例(内存)不一定有句柄,仍需要外部传入
Result.FParentWindow := ParentWindow;
Result.Create(nil);
end;

最关键的函数:

procedure TWinControl.SetParentWindow(Value: HWnd);
begin
  // 哲学,这个函数极少被用到(它是Delphi的写属性),只有菜单,ActiveX,THintWindow,TOpenPictureDialog,TOleForm和TShadowWindow用到
  // important 重点是,研究一下,它与SetParent有什么区别就知道了:不加入父控件的子控件列表。而且此函数的参数是一个Windows句柄,不是Win控件

  // 只有在Parent等于空的情况才使用
  if (FParent = nil) and (FParentWindow <> Value) then
  begin
    // fixme 不清楚各种控件是如何使用这个函数的
    // 当前句柄不为空,当前父窗口不为空,传来新的值要进行更换
    if (FHandle <> 0) and (FParentWindow <> 0) and (Value <> 0) then
    begin
      // 简单更换父句柄
      FParentWindow := Value; // 简单赋值,因为是变量,不是Delphi属性,不会引起连锁反应
      Windows.SetParent(FHandle, Value); // API
      // 通知一下
      if (Win32MajorVersion >= 5) and (Win32Platform = VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_NT) then
        Perform(WM_CHANGEUISTATE, MakeWParam(UIS_INITIALIZE, UISF_HIDEACCEL or UISF_HIDEFOCUS), 0);
    end
    // 如果Fhandle等于0,FParentWindow等于0(不可能,因为有外部if语句控制),或者Value=0(关键是这句,一旦新值是0,就要销毁句柄),就会执行:
    else
    begin
      DestroyHandle; // 区别就在这句
      FParentWindow := Value; // 简单赋值,因为是变量,不是Delphi属性,不会引起连锁反应
    end;
    // 最后都要更新状态
    UpdateControlState; // 更新状态,没有句柄就会申请句柄(销毁后,马上申请新的句柄)
  end;
end;  

使用ParentWindow的所有代码都在这里了(这里没有列出ActiveX里的情况,因为实在太特殊,也很少用到):

procedure THintWindow.ActivateHint(Rect: TRect; const AHint: string);
type
  TAnimationStyle = (atSlideNeg, atSlidePos, atBlend);
const
  AnimationStyle: array[TAnimationStyle] of Integer = (AW_VER_NEGATIVE, AW_VER_POSITIVE, AW_BLEND);
var
  Animate: BOOL;
  Style: TAnimationStyle;
begin
  FActivating := True;
  try
    Caption := AHint;
    Inc(Rect.Bottom, 4);
    UpdateBoundsRect(Rect);
    if Rect.Top + Height > Screen.DesktopHeight then
      Rect.Top := Screen.DesktopHeight - Height;
    if Rect.Left + Width > Screen.DesktopWidth then
      Rect.Left := Screen.DesktopWidth - Width;
    if Rect.Left < Screen.DesktopLeft then Rect.Left := Screen.DesktopLeft;
    if Rect.Bottom < Screen.DesktopTop then Rect.Bottom := Screen.DesktopTop;
    SetWindowPos(Handle, HWND_TOPMOST, Rect.Left, Rect.Top, Width, Height, SWP_NOACTIVATE); // API
    if (GetTickCount - FLastActive > 250) and (Length(AHint) < 100) and Assigned(AnimateWindowProc) then
    begin
      SystemParametersInfo(SPI_GETTOOLTIPANIMATION, 0, @Animate, 0);
      if Animate then
      begin
        SystemParametersInfo(SPI_GETTOOLTIPFADE, 0, @Animate, 0);
        if Animate then
          Style := atBlend
        else
          if Mouse.GetCursorPos.Y > Rect.Top then
            Style := atSlideNeg
          else
            Style := atSlidePos;
        AnimateWindowProc(Handle, 100, AnimationStyle[Style] or AW_SLIDE);
      end;
    end;
    ParentWindow := Application.Handle; // important 真是猛!
    ShowWindow(Handle, SW_SHOWNOACTIVATE); // API
    Invalidate;
  finally
    FLastActive := GetTickCount;
    FActivating := False;
  end;
end;

procedure TCustomActionPopupMenu.Popup(X, Y: Integer);
begin
  if ItemCount = 0 then exit;
  ParentWindow := Application.Handle;
  FRootMenu := Self;
  if FindFirstVisibleItem = nil then
    Expand(False);
  SetBounds(X, Y, Width, Height);
  PersistentHotKeys := True;
  Visible := True;
  TrackMenu;
end;

constructor TShadowWindow.Create(AOwner: TComponent);
begin
  inherited;
  Side := csRight;
  FDeskTop := TBitmap.Create;
  FDesktop.HandleType := bmDDB;
  FDesktop.PixelFormat := pf24bit;
  Hide;
  FCachedclr := 0;
  FCachedFade := 0;  
  ParentWindow := Forms.Application.Handle;
end;

procedure TCustomActionBar.WMContextMenu(var Message: TWMContextMenu);
var
  PopupMenu: TCustomActionPopupMenu;
begin
  inherited;
  if Assigned(ActionClient) and (ActionClient.ContextItems.Count > 0) then
  begin
    PopupMenu := GetPopupMenuClass.Create(Owner) as TCustomActionPopupMenu;
    PopupMenu.ContextBar := True;
    PopupMenu.ParentWindow := Application.Handle;
    PopupMenu.Parent := Self;
    PopupMenu.ActionClient := ActionClient;
    PopupMenu.Popup(Message.XPos, Message.YPos);
    PopupMenu.Free;
  end;
end;

procedure TOpenPictureDialog.DoShow;
var
  PreviewRect, StaticRect: TRect;
begin
  { Set preview area to entire dialog }
  GetClientRect(Handle, PreviewRect);
  StaticRect := GetStaticRect;
  { Move preview area to right of static area }
  PreviewRect.Left := StaticRect.Left + (StaticRect.Right - StaticRect.Left);
  Inc(PreviewRect.Top, 4);
  FPicturePanel.BoundsRect := PreviewRect;
  FPreviewButton.Left := FPaintPanel.BoundsRect.Right - FPreviewButton.Width - 2;
  FImageCtrl.Picture := nil;
  FSavedFilename := '';
  FPaintPanel.Caption := srNone;
  FPicturePanel.ParentWindow := Handle;
  inherited DoShow;
end;

function TOleForm.SetActiveObject(const ActiveObject: IOleInPlaceActiveObject;
  pszObjName: POleStr): HResult;
var
  Window, ParentWindow: HWnd;
begin
  Result := S_OK;
  FActiveObject := ActiveObject;
  if FActiveObject = nil then Exit;
  if FActiveObject.GetWindow(Window) = 0 then
    while True do
    begin
      ParentWindow := GetParent(Window);
      if ParentWindow = 0 then Break;
      if FindControl(ParentWindow) <> nil then
      begin
        SetWindowPos(Window, HWND_TOP, 0, 0, 0, 0,
          SWP_NOMOVE or SWP_NOSIZE or SWP_NOACTIVATE);
        Break;
      end;
      Window := ParentWindow;
    end;
  FSaveWidth := FForm.ClientWidth;
  FSaveHeight := FForm.ClientHeight;
end;

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

而且还牵扯到了WM_CHANGEUISTATE消息,搜遍所有VCL源码,没有发现哪个控件响应此消息:

procedure TWinControl.UpdateUIState(CharCode: Word);
var
  Form: TCustomForm;
begin
  Form := GetParentForm(Self); // 全局函数
  if Assigned(Form) then
    case CharCode of
      VK_LEFT..VK_DOWN, VK_TAB:
        Form.Perform(WM_CHANGEUISTATE, MakeLong(UIS_CLEAR, UISF_HIDEFOCUS), 0);
      VK_MENU:
        Form.Perform(WM_CHANGEUISTATE, MakeLong(UIS_CLEAR, UISF_HIDEACCEL), 0);
    end;
end;

就此打个伏笔,也许将来哪天会用到~

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/findumars/p/4751820.html