SDOI2013 随机数生成器

题目链接:戳我

就是大力推式子,然后上BSGS就行了。

[x_nequiv a^{n-1}x_1+b(a^{n-2}+a^{n-3}+...+a)pmod p ]

[tequiv a^{n-1}x_1+bsum_{i=0}^{n-2}a^ipmod p ]

[tequiv a^{n-1}x_1+b imes frac{1 imes(1-a^{n-1})}{1-a}pmod p ]

[tequiv a^{n-1}x_1+frac{b}{1-a}-frac{b}{1-a} imes a^{n-1}pmod p ]

[tequiv a^{n-1}(x_1-frac{b}{1-a})+frac{-b}{1-a}pmod p ]

[a^{n-1}equiv frac{-b+(1-a) imes t}{(1-a) imes x_1-b}pmod p ]

#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cmath>
#include<map>
#define int long long
#define MAXN 1010
using namespace std;
int T;
map<int,int>ex;
inline int fpow(int x,int y,int mod)
{
	int cur_ans=1; 
	while(y)
	{
		if(y&1) cur_ans=1ll*cur_ans*x%mod;
		x=1ll*x*x%mod;
		y>>=1;
	}
	return cur_ans;
}
inline int inv(int x,int mod){return fpow(x,mod-2,mod);}
inline int bsgs(int x,int y,int mod)
{
	x%=mod,y%=mod;
	ex.clear();
	int m=ceil(sqrt(mod));
	for(int i=0,t=1;i<m;i++,t=1ll*t*x%mod)
		if(!ex.count(t)) ex[t]=i;
	for(int i=0,tt=inv(fpow(x,m,mod),mod),cur=y;i<m;i++,cur=1ll*cur*tt%mod)
		if(ex.count(cur))
			return i*m+ex[cur];
	return -2;
}
signed main()
{
	#ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
	freopen("ce.in","r",stdin);
	freopen("ce.out","w",stdout);
	#endif
	scanf("%lld",&T);
	while(T--)
	{
		int a,p,x1,t,b;
		// cout<<endl;
		scanf("%lld%lld%lld%lld%lld",&p,&a,&b,&x1,&t);
		if(x1==t){printf("1
");continue;}
		else if(a==0)
		{
			if(b==t)printf("2
");
			else printf("-1
");
			continue;
		}
		else if(a==1)
		{
			if(b==0){printf("-1
");continue;}
			t=(t-x1+p)%p;
			t=1ll*t*fpow(b,p-2,p)%p;
			printf("%lld
",t+1);
			continue;
		}
		else
		{
			// cout<<((t-b*inv(1-a,p))%p+p)%p<<endl;
			// cout<<((t-b*inv(1-a,p))%p+p)%p*inv(((x1-b*inv(1-a,p))%p+p)%p,p)<<endl;
			int cur=bsgs(a,((t-b*inv(1-a,p))%p+p)%p*inv(((x1-b*inv(1-a,p))%p+p)%p,p),p)%p;
			printf("%lld
",cur+1);
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/fengxunling/p/10904345.html