python json文件的使用

转自 https://blog.51cto.com/huangzp/1980389

json是一种轻量级数据交换格式,常用于http请求中,在日常运维工作中经常可以看到

1.json类型和python数据的转换

函数转换对应关系表:

Python JSON
dict object
list, tuple array
str, unicode string
int, long, float number
True true
False false
None null

1)将json数据写入文件:json.dump()

例子:

import json

json_data = {"a":1,"b":2,"c":3,"d":4,"e":5,"f":6}

f = open("a.txt","w")

json.dump(json_data,f)

f.close()

结果:目录下生成a.txt文件,内容:

{"a": 1, "c": 3, "b": 2, "e": 5, "d": 4, "f": 6}

2)读取文件中json数据,显示为unicode类型格式:json.load()

import json

# json_data = {"a":1,"b":2,"c":3,"d":4,"e":5,"f":6}

# f = open("a.txt","w")

# json.dump(json_data,f)

# f.close()

f2 = open("a.txt","r")

dict2 = json.load(f2)

print(dict2)

结果:

{u'a': 1, u'c': 3, u'b': 2, u'e': 5, u'd': 4, u'f': 6}

3)python字典—>(转换)json字符串:json.dumps()

例子:

import json

m = {"success":"yes","message":"hello"}

json_str = json.dumps(m)

print(m)

print(type(m))

print(json_str)

print(type(json_str))

结果:

{'message': 'hello', 'success': 'yes'}

<type 'dict'>

{"message": "hello", "success": "yes"}

<type 'str'>

4)json字符串—>(解码)pyhton字典:json.loads()

例子:

import json

m = {"success":"yes","message":"hello"}

json_str = json.dumps(m)

print(json_str)

print(type(json_str))

json_dict = json.loads(json_str)

print(json_dict)

print(type(json_dict))

结果:

{"message": "hello", "success": "yes"}

<type 'str'>

{u'message': u'hello', u'success': u'yes'}

<type 'dict'>

2.爬虫举例

import json

import urllib2

from pip._vendor.requests.packages import chardet

url = 'http://'

req = urllib2.Request(url)

res = urllib2.urlopen(req)

result = res.read()

print(chardet.detect(result))

m = json.loads(result)

print(type(m))

print(m)

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/fei2232/p/13086025.html