Alertmanager邮件告警

Alertmanager安装配置

wget https://github.com/prometheus/alertmanager/releases/download/v0.21.0/alertmanager-0.21.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar -zxvf alertmanager-0.21.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
cd /usr/local
mv alertmanager-0.21.0.linux-amd64/ alertmanager

创建启动文件

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/alertmanager.service 

[Unit]
Description=alertmanager
Documentation=https://github.com/prometheus/alertmanager
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
User=prometheus
ExecStart=/usr/local/alertmanager/alertmanager --config.file=/usr/local/alertmanager/alert-test.yml --storage.path=/usr/local/alertmanager/data
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Alertmanager 安装目录下默认有 alertmanager.yml 配置文件，可以创建新的配置文件，在启动时指定即可。

global:
  resolve_timeout: 5m
  smtp_smarthost: 'smtp.qq.com:465'
  smtp_from: 'aa@qq.com'
  smtp_auth_username: 'aa@qq.com'
  smtp_auth_password: 'aa'
  smtp_require_tls: false

templates:
  - '/usr/local/alertmanager/template/*.tmpl' 邮件告警模板

# route标记：告警如何发送分配
route:
  group_by: ['alertname']
  group_wait: 10s
  group_interval: 10s
  repeat_interval: 1m
  receiver: 'mail'

receivers:
- name: 'mail'
  email_configs:
    - to: 'dd5@qq.com'
      send_resolved: true  #告警恢复
      html: '{{ template "default-monitor.html" }}' #应用的哪个模板
      headers: {Subject: "[WARN] 报警邮件 test"}  #邮件主题信息 如果不写headers也可以再模板中自定义默认加载email.default.subject这个模板

smtp_smarthost：是用于发送邮件的邮箱的 SMTP 服务器地址+端口；
smtp_auth_password：是发送邮箱的授权码而不是登录密码；
smtp_require_tls：不设置的话默认为 true，当为 true 时会有 starttls 错误，为了简单这里设置为 false；
templates：指出邮件的模板路径；
receivers 下 html 指出邮件内容模板名，这里模板名为 “alert.html”，在模板路径中的某个文件中定义。
headers：为邮件标题；

配置告警规则

配置 rule.yml

groups:
- name: node_alerts
  rules:
  - alert: node-up告警
    expr: up==0
    for: 10s
    labels:
      serverity: page
    annotations:
      summary: "{{ $labels.instance }} 已停止运行超过10s"

配置prometheus.yml指定rule.yml的路径

# my global config
global:
  scrape_interval:     15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.
  evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.
  # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).

# Alertmanager configuration
alerting:
  alertmanagers:
  - static_configs:
    - targets:
       - localhost:9093    #添加alertmanager# 新增

# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.
rule_files:
   #- "/usr/local/prometheus/rules/*_alerts.yml"
   - "rules/*_alerts.yml"   # 新增

# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:
# Here it's Prometheus itself.
scrape_configs:
  # The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.
  - job_name: 'prometheus'

    # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'
    # scheme defaults to 'http'.

    static_configs:

    - targets: ['xxxxxxxxxxx:9090']
- job_name: 'xxxxxxxxxx'
    static_configs:
    - targets: ['xxxxxxxxxxxxx:9100']
      labels:
        instance: test

重启 Prometheus 服务：

chown -R prometheus.prometheus /usr/local/prometheus/rule.yml
systemctl restart prometheus

编写邮件模板

注意：文件后缀为 tmpl

告警模版

vi /usr/local/alertmanager/template/mail.tmpl
{{ define "default-monitor.html" }}
{{ range .Alerts }}
<pre>
    =============start===========
    告警程序： prometheus_alert
    告警级别： {{ .Labels.severity }}
    告警类型： {{ .Labels.alertname }}
    故障主机： {{ .Labels.instance }}
    告警主题： {{ .Annotations.summary }}
    告警详情： {{ .Annotations.description }}
    触发时间： {{ .StartsAt.Format "2006-01-02 15:04:23" }}
    ==============end============

</pre>
{{ end }}
{{ end }}

告警回复模版

vi /usr/local/alertmanager/template/mail.tmpl
{{ define "default-monitor.html" }}
{{- if gt (len .Alerts.Firing) 0 -}}{{ range .Alerts }}
@警报
<pre>
类型: {{ .Labels.alertname }}
实例: {{ .Labels.instance }}
信息: {{ .Annotations.summary }}
详情: {{ .Annotations.description }}
时间: {{ .StartsAt.Format "2006-01-02 15:04:05" }}
</pre>
{{ end }}{{ end -}}
{{- if gt (len .Alerts.Resolved) 0 -}}{{ range .Alerts }}
@恢复
<pre>
类型: {{ .Labels.alertname }}
实例: {{ .Labels.instance }}
信息: {{ .Annotations.summary }}
时间: {{ .StartsAt.Format "2006-01-02 15:04:05" }}
恢复: {{ .EndsAt.Format "2006-01-02 15:04:05" }}
</pre>
{{ end }}{{ end -}}
{{- end }}