struts1

1.简单应用示例

导入struts1的jar包，然后配置xml，写java和jsp

/struts/WebRoot/Login.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
  </head>
  
  <body>
    <form action ="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/login.do">
        username : <input type='text' name ='username' />
        password : <input type='password' name ='password' />
        <input type="submit" value="login"/>
    </form>
  </body>
</html>

/struts/WebRoot/LoginSuccess.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
  </head>
  
  <body>
       登陆成功
  </body>
</html>

/struts/WebRoot/LoginFailure.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
  </head>
  
  <body>
    登陆失败
  </body>
</html>

View Code

/struts/WebRoot/WEB-INF/web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" 
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
  <servlet>
      <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
      <init-param>
          <param-name>config</param-name>
          <param-value>
          /WEB-INF/struts-config.xml
          </param-value>
      </init-param>
  </servlet>
  
  <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
      <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

/struts/WebRoot/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">
<struts-config>
    <form-beans>
        <form-bean name="loginForm" type="cn.itcast.LoginForm"></form-bean>
    </form-beans>
    <action-mappings>
        <action path="/login" type="cn.itcast.LoginAction" name="loginForm">
            <forward name="success" path="/LoginSuccess.jsp"></forward>
            <forward name="failure" path="/LoginFailure.jsp"></forward>
        </action>
    </action-mappings>
</struts-config>

/struts/src/cn/itcast/LoginAction.java

package cn.itcast;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;

public class LoginAction extends Action {

    public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
            HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws Exception {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        LoginForm loginForm= (LoginForm)form ;
        String username = loginForm.getUsername();
        if("itcast".equals(username)){
            return mapping.findForward("success");
        }else{
            return mapping.findForward("failure");
        }
    }

}

/struts/src/cn/itcast/LoginForm.java

package cn.itcast;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;

public class LoginForm extends ActionForm {
    private String username = null;
    private String password = null;
    
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }
    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
    
}

2.Action什么时候初始化？发出该Action请求，不是在读取配置文件时初始化。

3.每个Action只会初始化一次

4. Action是线程不安全的，因为所有的请求都共享一个action实例

5.怎样实现action的安全性编程？

1)注意不要用实例变量或者类变量共享只是针对某个请求的数据

2)注意资源操作的同步性

应用：统计一个action的访问次数

在调用时加1，注意用Sychronzied同步变量

6.ActionMapping类，可以获取ActionMapping里配置的信息

7.ActionForward

　redirect:false ---------requestDispather:forward(重定向)默认值

　　　　true-----------httpServletResponse:sendRedirect（重新发出请求）

8.ActionForm

1）检查action的映射，确定action中已经配置了对ActionForm的映射

2）根据name属性，查找formbean的配置信息

3）检查action的formbean的使用范围，确定在此范围下（request、session），是否已经有此formbean的实例

4）假如已经存在就重用

5）否则就重新构造，并保存在一定的范围

9.Action

1)attribute:用来存取form的关键字，缺省值与name一样

2)validate：用来控制是否校验表单（校验开关），缺省ture--校验

3)input如果表单校验不通过则跳转到该值所代表的目标模块，一般结合validate：true来使用

10.全局跳转

<global-forwards>

<forward name="error" path="/error.jsp"></forward>

</global-forwards>

11.ForwardAction不直接访问jsp，每次都访问action.do

12.DispatchAction用一个action来分发请求，xml配置parameter参数

调用时加参数/risk.do?method=action中的方法名