LeetCode 142. Linked List Cycle II 20170706

Given a linked list, return the node where the cycle begins. If there is no cycle, return null.

Note: Do not modify the linked list.

题目大意:给定一个链表,如果该链表存在环,返回环的起点。如果不存在,返回null

解题思路:本题是一道有趣的行程问题。在这里给出该行程问题的推导。

假设有两个快慢指针fast和slow,其中fast一次走两步,slow一次走一步,两者同时出发,由于存在环,所以必定会在某点相遇。设head到环起点距离为a,起点距离到相遇点距离为b,环长度为c。则fasts=2slows,slows=a+b,fasts=a+b+n*c,所以可知slows=n*c,a=n*c-b。当相遇后,令slow返回head,两者同时以每次一步的速度前进。slow从head走到起点走了a,fast也相遇点走了a,因为a=n*c-b=(n-1)*c+c-b,所以可知a+b=n*c,fast恰好也走回了起点。这样就能把每个变量都求出来,就能求出起点位置了。

class Solution(object):
  def detectCycle(self, head):
    """
    :type head: ListNode
    :rtype: ListNode
    """
    if head == None or head.next == None:
      return None
    slow = fast = head
    while fast and fast.next:
      slow = slow.next
      fast = fast.next.next
      if fast == slow:
        break
    if slow == fast:
      slow = head
      while slow != fast:
        slow = slow.next
        fast = fast.next
      return slow
    return None

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/fangdai/p/7125308.html