单文件
1.1 源码：
.
├── build
├── CMakeLists.txt
└── main.c
1 directory, 2 files
// main.c
#include <stdio.h>
int main(int argc, char **argv){
printf("Hello World from t1 Main
");
return 0;
}
# CMakeLists.txt
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.11)
project(hello)
message(STATUS "This is BINARY dir" ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR})
message(STATUS "This is SOURCE dir" ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR})
set(SRC_LIST main.c)
message(STATUS ${SRC_LIST})
add_executable(hello main.c)
add_executable(hello2 main.c)
1.2 运行
fl@fl:~/Qt/test_code/cmake/t1/build$ cmake ..
-- The C compiler identification is GNU 9.3.0
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 9.3.0
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc -- works
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++ -- works
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- This is BINARY dir/home/fl/Qt/test_code/cmake/t1/build
-- This is SOURCE dir/home/fl/Qt/test_code/cmake/t1
-- main.c
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/fl/Qt/test_code/cmake/t1/build
fl@fl:~/Qt/test_code/cmake/t1/build$ make
Scanning dependencies of target hello2
[ 25%] Building C object CMakeFiles/hello2.dir/main.c.o
[ 50%] Linking C executable hello2
[ 50%] Built target hello2
Scanning dependencies of target hello
[ 75%] Building C object CMakeFiles/hello.dir/main.c.o
[100%] Linking C executable hello
[100%] Built target hello
fl@fl:~/Qt/test_code/cmake/t1/build$ ll
total 84
drwxrwxr-x 4 fl fl 4096 10月 30 16:17 ./
drwxrwxr-x 4 fl fl 4096 10月 28 00:20 ../
drwxrwxr-x 3 fl fl 4096 10月 27 23:52 .cmake/
-rw-rw-r-- 1 fl fl 13723 10月 30 16:17 CMakeCache.txt
drwxrwxr-x 6 fl fl 4096 10月 30 16:17 CMakeFiles/
-rw-rw-r-- 1 fl fl 1512 10月 30 16:17 cmake_install.cmake
-rwxrwxr-x 1 fl fl 16696 10月 30 16:17 hello*
-rwxrwxr-x 1 fl fl 16696 10月 30 16:17 hello2*
-rw-rw-r-- 1 fl fl 5344 10月 30 16:17 Makefile
1.3 注意事项
-
采用外部编译的方式，方便代码管理中间文件清理。
mkdir build # CMakeLists.txt同级目录 cd build cmake .. # 定位CMakeLists.txt文件位置 make -
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION <min>[...<max>] [FATAL_ERROR]) # 限制使用cmake的最低版本- 最高版本限制可忽略
- 自测（仅供参考），FATAL_ERROR没起作用，低于指定版本都是停止。
-
project(<PROJECT-NAME> [VERSION <major>[.<minor>[.<patch>[.<tweak>]]]] [DESCRIPTION <project-description-string>] [HOMEPAGE_URL <url-string>] [LANGUAGES <language-name>...]) # 设置项目名称-
必填项为project_name
-
执行完成project指令后，默认设置的变量包括
PROJECT_BINARY_DIR PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR PROJECT_VERSION PROJECT_VERSION_MAJOR PROJECT_VERSION_MINOR PROJECT_VERSION_PATCH PROJECT_VERSION_TWEAK PROJECT_DESCRIPTION PROJECT_HOMEPAGE_URL -
构建项目支持的语言包括C,CXX,CUDA,OBJC,OBJCXX, Fortran ASM。不指明时默认启用C和CXX
-
在顶层调用project，但是应该在cmake_minimum_required之后。
-
-
message([<mode>] "message to display" ...) # 向用户提示一条信息-
可选mode包括FATAL_ERROR/SEND_ERROR/WARNING/AUTHOR_WARNING/DEPRECATION/NOTICE/STATUS/VERBOSE/DEBUG/TRACE
-
FATAL_ERROR
CMake Error, stop processing and generation.SEND_ERROR
CMake Error, continue processing, but skip generation.
-
-
set(<variable> <value>... [PARENT_SCOPE]) # 为普通变量/缓存/环境变量设置指定值-
设置普通变量 set(
... [PARENT_SCOPE]) -
设置缓存条目 set(
... CACHE [FORCE]) -
设置环境变量 set(ENV{
} [ ])
-
-
add_executable(<name> [WIN32] [MACOSX_BUNDLE][EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL]
[source1] [source2 ...]) # 使用指定的源文件生成可执行文件`- name对应逻辑目标名称，必须是全局的，在一个项目中是独一无二的。
- source可以使用生成表达式
-
使用相同的源文件可以生成多个目标文件。。。测试方便了
2. 多文件
2.1 源码
.
├── build
├── CMakeLists.txt
├── main.c
└── math.c
1 directory, 3 files
// math.c
int math_add(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}
// main.c
#include <stdio.h>
extern int math_add(int a, int b);
int main(int argc, char **argv){
printf("Hello World from t1 Main
");
printf("3 + 2 = %d
", math_add(3, 2));
return 0;
}
# CMakeLists.txt
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.11 FATAL_ERROR)
project(hello)
message(STATUS "This is BINARY dir" ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR})
message(STATUS "This is SOURCE dir" ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR})
# set(SRC_LIST math.c main.c)
aux_source_directory(. SRC_LIST)
message(STATUS ${SRC_LIST})
add_executable(hello ${SRC_LIST})
add_executable(hello2 ${SRC_LIST})
2.2 运行
fl@fl:~/Qt/test_code/cmake/t1/build$ cmake ..
-- The C compiler identification is GNU 9.3.0
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 9.3.0
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc -- works
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++ -- works
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- This is BINARY dir/home/fl/Qt/test_code/cmake/t1/build
-- This is SOURCE dir/home/fl/Qt/test_code/cmake/t1
-- ./main.c./math.c
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/fl/Qt/test_code/cmake/t1/build
fl@fl:~/Qt/test_code/cmake/t1/build$ make
Scanning dependencies of target hello2
[ 16%] Building C object CMakeFiles/hello2.dir/math.c.o
[ 33%] Building C object CMakeFiles/hello2.dir/main.c.o
[ 50%] Linking C executable hello2
[ 50%] Built target hello2
Scanning dependencies of target hello
[ 66%] Building C object CMakeFiles/hello.dir/math.c.o
[ 83%] Building C object CMakeFiles/hello.dir/main.c.o
[100%] Linking C executable hello
[100%] Built target hello
fl@fl:~/Qt/test_code/cmake/t1/build$ ll
total 80
drwxrwxr-x 3 fl fl 4096 10月 30 17:16 ./
drwxrwxr-x 4 fl fl 4096 10月 30 17:12 ../
-rw-rw-r-- 1 fl fl 13723 10月 30 17:15 CMakeCache.txt
drwxrwxr-x 6 fl fl 4096 10月 30 17:16 CMakeFiles/
-rw-rw-r-- 1 fl fl 1512 10月 30 17:15 cmake_install.cmake
-rwxrwxr-x 1 fl fl 16800 10月 30 17:16 hello*
-rwxrwxr-x 1 fl fl 16800 10月 30 17:16 hello2*
-rw-rw-r-- 1 fl fl 6157 10月 30 17:16 Makefile
2.3 注意事项
aux_source_directory(<dir> <variable>) # 查找目录中的所有源文件- 自动搜集以避免手动列出说有实例。
- 结果等同于set(
var1 var2…)