django: urlconfig

django 的 url 配置主要在 urls.py 中进行

urlconfig 中对 url 的处理方式主要在：

一视图处理方式

如上文例子所示：

url(r'^blog/index/$', 'blog.views.index'),

二直接用方法名代表 url 处理方式：

from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url
from hi.views import index

# Uncomment the next two lines to enable the admin:
# from django.contrib import admin
# admin.autodiscover()

urlpatterns = patterns('',
    # Examples:
    # url(r'^$', 'csvt01.views.home', name='home'),
    # url(r'^csvt01/', include('csvt01.foo.urls')),

    # Uncomment the admin/doc line below to enable admin documentation:
    # url(r'^admin/doc/', include('django.contrib.admindocs.urls')),

    # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
    # url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
    #url(r'^hi/index/$', 'hi.views.index'),
    url(r'^hi/index/$', index),
)

三统一处理模块名的前缀

url 视图模块的前缀可以统一省略，patterns() 中的第一个参数即为前缀名：

from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url
from hi.views import index

# Uncomment the next two lines to enable the admin:
# from django.contrib import admin
# admin.autodiscover()

urlpatterns = patterns('hi.views',
    # Examples:
    # url(r'^$', 'csvt01.views.home', name='home'),
    # url(r'^csvt01/', include('csvt01.foo.urls')),

    # Uncomment the admin/doc line below to enable admin documentation:
    # url(r'^admin/doc/', include('django.contrib.admindocs.urls')),

    # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
    # url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
    url(r'^hi/index/$', 'index'),
    #url(r'^hi/index/$', index),
)

四 url 中传递参数

urls.py:

from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url
from hi.views import index

# Uncomment the next two lines to enable the admin:
# from django.contrib import admin
# admin.autodiscover()

urlpatterns = patterns('hi.views',
    # Examples:
    # url(r'^$', 'csvt01.views.home', name='home'),
    # url(r'^csvt01/', include('csvt01.foo.urls')),

    # Uncomment the admin/doc line below to enable admin documentation:
    # url(r'^admin/doc/', include('django.contrib.admindocs.urls')),

    # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
    # url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
    url(r'^hi/index/(?P<id>d*)/$', 'index'),
    #url(r'^hi/index/$', index),
)

views.py:

from django.shortcuts import render_to_response

class Person(object):
    def __init__(self, name, age, sex):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
        self.sex = sex

    def say(self):
        return "This is " + self.name

def index(req, id):
    books = {'a':'linux in a nutshell','b':'unix programming'}
    user = Person('eli', 24, 'male')
    user_list = ['eli', 'lie', 'iel']
    return render_to_response('index.html', {'title':'Django Sample', 'context':user, 'users':user_list, 'books':books, 'id':id})

则形如 127.0.0.1:8000/blog/index/4893/ 的地址中的 4893 将会通过正则表达式分组传递给 index.html:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
    <head>
        <title>{{title}}</title>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
        <meta name="keywords" content="Django Template" />
        <meta name="description" content="Django Template" />
    </head>
    <body>
        <hi>id : {{id}}</hi>
        <center>{{context.name}}</center>
        <center>{{context.say}}</center>
        <center>
            <li>{{users}}</li>
            <li>{{users.0}}</li>
        </center>
        {% if context %}
        <li>test if : user age {{context.age}}</li>
        {% else %}
        user not found.
        {% endif %}

        {% for user in users %}
        <li>User: {{user}}</li>
        {% endfor %}

        {% for k,v in books.items %}
        <li>{{forloop.counter}} {{k}}: {{v}}</li>
        {% endfor %}
    </body>
</html>

View Code

正则参数分组时可以不命名分组数据，即 url 可以写成如下形式：

url(r'^hi/index/(d*)/$', 'index'),