1．为主机增加80G SCSI 接口硬盘
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdd
磁盘 /dev/sdd：85.9 GB, 85899345920 字节，167772160 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节
2．划分三个各20G的主分区
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdd
磁盘 /dev/sdd：85.9 GB, 85899345920 字节，167772160 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节
磁盘标签类型：dos
磁盘标识符：0x7c41f75b
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdd
磁盘 /dev/sdd：85.9 GB, 85899345920 字节，167772160 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节
2．划分三个各20G的主分区
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdd
磁盘 /dev/sdd：85.9 GB, 85899345920 字节，167772160 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节
磁盘标签类型：dos
磁盘标识符：0x7c41f75b
设备 Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdd1 2048 41945087 20971520 83 Linux
/dev/sdd2 41945088 83888127 20971520 83 Linux
/dev/sdd3 83888128 125831167 20971520 83 Linux
3．将三个主分区转换为物理卷（pvcreate），扫描系统中的物理卷
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdd[123]
Physical volume "/dev/sdd1" successfully created.
Physical volume "/dev/sdd2" successfully created.
Physical volume "/dev/sdd3" successfully created.
[root@localhost ~]# pvscan
PV /dev/sda2 VG centos lvm2 [<39.00 GiB / 4.00 MiB free]
PV /dev/sdd1 lvm2 [20.00 GiB]
PV /dev/sdd2 lvm2 [20.00 GiB]
PV /dev/sdd3 lvm2 [20.00 GiB]
Total: 4 [<99.00 GiB] / in use: 1 [<39.00 GiB] / in no VG: 3 [60.00 GiB]
4．使用两个物理卷创建卷组，名字为myvg，查看卷组大小
[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate myvg /dev/sdd[12]
Volume group "myvg" successfully created
5．创建逻辑卷mylv，大小为30G
[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 30G -n mylv myvg
Logical volume "mylv" created.
6．将逻辑卷格式化成xfs文件系统，并挂载到/data目录上，创建文件测试
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/myvg/mylv
meta-data=/dev/myvg/mylv isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=1966080 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=7864320, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=3840, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /data
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/myvg/mylv /data/
[root@localhost ~]# cd /data/
[root@localhost data]# echo "myshiluojijuan" > test1.txt
[root@localhost data]# ls -a
. .. test1.txt
7．增大逻辑卷到35G
[root@localhost ~]# lvextend -L 35G /dev/myvg/mylv
Size of logical volume myvg/mylv changed from 30.00 GiB (7680 extents) to 35.00 GiB (8960 extents).
Logical volume myvg/mylv successfully resized.
[root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/myvg/mylv
LV Name mylv
VG Name myvg
LV UUID 2eyyFz-kYdm-ncle-3QMF-o9Il-w2bz-ImffYJ
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2019-08-02 15:23:19 +0800
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 35.00 GiB
Current LE 8960
Segments 2
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:2
8．编辑/etc/fstab文件挂载逻辑卷，并支持磁盘配额选项
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/fstab
/dev/myvg/mylv /data xfs defaults,usrquota,grpquota 0 0
9．创建磁盘配额，crushlinux用户在/data目录下文件大小软限制为80M，硬限制为100M，
crushlinux用户在/data目录下文件数量软限制为80个，硬限制为100个。
/dev/sdd1 2048 41945087 20971520 83 Linux
/dev/sdd2 41945088 83888127 20971520 83 Linux
/dev/sdd3 83888128 125831167 20971520 83 Linux
3．将三个主分区转换为物理卷（pvcreate），扫描系统中的物理卷
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdd[123]
Physical volume "/dev/sdd1" successfully created.
Physical volume "/dev/sdd2" successfully created.
Physical volume "/dev/sdd3" successfully created.
[root@localhost ~]# pvscan
PV /dev/sda2 VG centos lvm2 [<39.00 GiB / 4.00 MiB free]
PV /dev/sdd1 lvm2 [20.00 GiB]
PV /dev/sdd2 lvm2 [20.00 GiB]
PV /dev/sdd3 lvm2 [20.00 GiB]
Total: 4 [<99.00 GiB] / in use: 1 [<39.00 GiB] / in no VG: 3 [60.00 GiB]
4．使用两个物理卷创建卷组，名字为myvg，查看卷组大小
[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate myvg /dev/sdd[12]
Volume group "myvg" successfully created
5．创建逻辑卷mylv，大小为30G
[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 30G -n mylv myvg
Logical volume "mylv" created.
6．将逻辑卷格式化成xfs文件系统，并挂载到/data目录上，创建文件测试
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/myvg/mylv
meta-data=/dev/myvg/mylv isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=1966080 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=7864320, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=3840, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /data
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/myvg/mylv /data/
[root@localhost ~]# cd /data/
[root@localhost data]# echo "myshiluojijuan" > test1.txt
[root@localhost data]# ls -a
. .. test1.txt
7．增大逻辑卷到35G
[root@localhost ~]# lvextend -L 35G /dev/myvg/mylv
Size of logical volume myvg/mylv changed from 30.00 GiB (7680 extents) to 35.00 GiB (8960 extents).
Logical volume myvg/mylv successfully resized.
[root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/myvg/mylv
LV Name mylv
VG Name myvg
LV UUID 2eyyFz-kYdm-ncle-3QMF-o9Il-w2bz-ImffYJ
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2019-08-02 15:23:19 +0800
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 35.00 GiB
Current LE 8960
Segments 2
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:2
8．编辑/etc/fstab文件挂载逻辑卷，并支持磁盘配额选项
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/fstab
/dev/myvg/mylv /data xfs defaults,usrquota,grpquota 0 0
9．创建磁盘配额，crushlinux用户在/data目录下文件大小软限制为80M，硬限制为100M，
crushlinux用户在/data目录下文件数量软限制为80个，硬限制为100个。
[root@localhost ~]# umount /dev/myvg/mylv
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/myvg/mylv
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
文件系统标签=
OS type: Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
2293760 inodes, 9175040 blocks
458752 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2157969408
280 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/myvg/mylv
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
文件系统标签=
OS type: Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
2293760 inodes, 9175040 blocks
458752 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2157969408
280 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624
Allocating group tables: 完成
正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成
正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/myvg/mylv /data
[root@localhost ~]# mount -o remount,usrquota,grpquota /data
[root@localhost ~]# mount |grep /data/
[root@localhost ~]# mount |grep /data
/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv on /data type ext4 (rw,relatime,quota,usrquota,grpquota,data=ordered)
[root@localhost ~]# quotacheck -avug
quotacheck: Your kernel probably supports journaled quota but you are not using it. Consider switching to journaled quota to avoid running quotacheck after an unclean shutdown.
quotacheck: Scanning /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv [/data] done
quotacheck: Cannot stat old user quota file /data/aquota.user: 没有那个文件或目录. Usage will not be subtracted.
quotacheck: Cannot stat old group quota file /data/aquota.group: 没有那个文件或目录. Usage will not be subtracted.
quotacheck: Cannot stat old user quota file /data/aquota.user: 没有那个文件或目录. Usage will not be subtracted.
quotacheck: Cannot stat old group quota file /data/aquota.group: 没有那个文件或目录. Usage will not be subtracted.
quotacheck: Checked 2 directories and 0 files
quotacheck: Old file not found.
quotacheck: Old file not found.
[root@localhost ~]# quotaon -avug
/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv [/data]: group quotas turned on
/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv [/data]: user quotas turned on
[root@localhost ~]# useradd crushlinux
[root@localhost ~]# edquota -u crushlinux
Disk quotas for user crushlinux (uid 1001):
Filesystem blocks soft hard inodes soft hard
/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv 0 80M 100M 0 80 100
[root@localhost ~]# ll /data
总用量 32
-rw------- 1 root root 6144 8月 5 11:41 aquota.group
-rw------- 1 root root 7168 8月 5 11:41 aquota.user
drwx------ 2 root root 16384 8月 5 11:38 lost+found
[root@localhost ~]# chmod -R 777
chmod: "777" 后缺少操作数
Try 'chmod --help' for more information.
[root@localhost ~]# chmod -R 777 /data
chmod: 更改"/data/aquota.group" 的权限: 不允许的操作
chmod: 更改"/data/aquota.user" 的权限: 不允许的操作
[root@localhost ~]# su crushlinux
[crushlinux@localhost root]$ cd ~
[root@localhost ~]# mount -o remount,usrquota,grpquota /data
[root@localhost ~]# mount |grep /data/
[root@localhost ~]# mount |grep /data
/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv on /data type ext4 (rw,relatime,quota,usrquota,grpquota,data=ordered)
[root@localhost ~]# quotacheck -avug
quotacheck: Your kernel probably supports journaled quota but you are not using it. Consider switching to journaled quota to avoid running quotacheck after an unclean shutdown.
quotacheck: Scanning /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv [/data] done
quotacheck: Cannot stat old user quota file /data/aquota.user: 没有那个文件或目录. Usage will not be subtracted.
quotacheck: Cannot stat old group quota file /data/aquota.group: 没有那个文件或目录. Usage will not be subtracted.
quotacheck: Cannot stat old user quota file /data/aquota.user: 没有那个文件或目录. Usage will not be subtracted.
quotacheck: Cannot stat old group quota file /data/aquota.group: 没有那个文件或目录. Usage will not be subtracted.
quotacheck: Checked 2 directories and 0 files
quotacheck: Old file not found.
quotacheck: Old file not found.
[root@localhost ~]# quotaon -avug
/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv [/data]: group quotas turned on
/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv [/data]: user quotas turned on
[root@localhost ~]# useradd crushlinux
[root@localhost ~]# edquota -u crushlinux
Disk quotas for user crushlinux (uid 1001):
Filesystem blocks soft hard inodes soft hard
/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv 0 80M 100M 0 80 100
[root@localhost ~]# ll /data
总用量 32
-rw------- 1 root root 6144 8月 5 11:41 aquota.group
-rw------- 1 root root 7168 8月 5 11:41 aquota.user
drwx------ 2 root root 16384 8月 5 11:38 lost+found
[root@localhost ~]# chmod -R 777
chmod: "777" 后缺少操作数
Try 'chmod --help' for more information.
[root@localhost ~]# chmod -R 777 /data
chmod: 更改"/data/aquota.group" 的权限: 不允许的操作
chmod: 更改"/data/aquota.user" 的权限: 不允许的操作
[root@localhost ~]# su crushlinux
[crushlinux@localhost root]$ cd ~
10．使用touch dd 命令在/data目录下测试
[crushlinux@localhost ~]$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/data/ceshi bs=1M count=90M
dm-2: warning, user block quota exceeded.
dm-2: write failed, user block limit reached.
dd: 写入"/data/ceshi" 出错: 超出磁盘限额
记录了101+0 的读入
记录了100+0 的写出
104857600字节(105 MB)已复制，0.425959 秒，246 MB/秒
dm-2: warning, user block quota exceeded.
dm-2: write failed, user block limit reached.
dd: 写入"/data/ceshi" 出错: 超出磁盘限额
记录了101+0 的读入
记录了100+0 的写出
104857600字节(105 MB)已复制，0.425959 秒，246 MB/秒
[crushlinux@localhost data]$ touch a{1..79}.txt
[crushlinux@localhost data]$ ls
a10.txt a19.txt a27.txt a35.txt a43.txt a51.txt a5.txt a68.txt a76.txt lost+found
a11.txt a1.txt a28.txt a36.txt a44.txt a52.txt a60.txt a69.txt a77.txt
a12.txt a20.txt a29.txt a37.txt a45.txt a53.txt a61.txt a6.txt a78.txt
a13.txt a21.txt a2.txt a38.txt a46.txt a54.txt a62.txt a70.txt a79.txt
a14.txt a22.txt a30.txt a39.txt a47.txt a55.txt a63.txt a71.txt a7.txt
a15.txt a23.txt a31.txt a3.txt a48.txt a56.txt a64.txt a72.txt a8.txt
a16.txt a24.txt a32.txt a40.txt a49.txt a57.txt a65.txt a73.txt a9.txt
a17.txt a25.txt a33.txt a41.txt a4.txt a58.txt a66.txt a74.txt aquota.group
a18.txt a26.txt a34.txt a42.txt a50.txt a59.txt a67.txt a75.txt aquota.user
[crushlinux@localhost data]$ touch b{1..5}.txt
dm-2: warning, user file quota exceeded.
[crushlinux@localhost data]$ ls
a10.txt a19.txt a27.txt a35.txt a43.txt a51.txt a5.txt a68.txt a76.txt b1.txt
a11.txt a1.txt a28.txt a36.txt a44.txt a52.txt a60.txt a69.txt a77.txt b2.txt
a12.txt a20.txt a29.txt a37.txt a45.txt a53.txt a61.txt a6.txt a78.txt b3.txt
a13.txt a21.txt a2.txt a38.txt a46.txt a54.txt a62.txt a70.txt a79.txt b4.txt
a14.txt a22.txt a30.txt a39.txt a47.txt a55.txt a63.txt a71.txt a7.txt b5.txt
a15.txt a23.txt a31.txt a3.txt a48.txt a56.txt a64.txt a72.txt a8.txt lost+found
a16.txt a24.txt a32.txt a40.txt a49.txt a57.txt a65.txt a73.txt a9.txt
a17.txt a25.txt a33.txt a41.txt a4.txt a58.txt a66.txt a74.txt aquota.group
a18.txt a26.txt a34.txt a42.txt a50.txt a59.txt a67.txt a75.txt aquota.user
[crushlinux@localhost data]$ touch c{1..20}.txt
dm-2: write failed, user file limit reached.
touch: 无法创建"c17.txt": 超出磁盘限额
touch: 无法创建"c18.txt": 超出磁盘限额
touch: 无法创建"c19.txt": 超出磁盘限额
touch: 无法创建"c20.txt": 超出磁盘限额
[crushlinux@localhost data]$ ls
a10.txt a19.txt a27.txt a35.txt a43.txt a51.txt a5.txt a68.txt a76.txt lost+found
a11.txt a1.txt a28.txt a36.txt a44.txt a52.txt a60.txt a69.txt a77.txt
a12.txt a20.txt a29.txt a37.txt a45.txt a53.txt a61.txt a6.txt a78.txt
a13.txt a21.txt a2.txt a38.txt a46.txt a54.txt a62.txt a70.txt a79.txt
a14.txt a22.txt a30.txt a39.txt a47.txt a55.txt a63.txt a71.txt a7.txt
a15.txt a23.txt a31.txt a3.txt a48.txt a56.txt a64.txt a72.txt a8.txt
a16.txt a24.txt a32.txt a40.txt a49.txt a57.txt a65.txt a73.txt a9.txt
a17.txt a25.txt a33.txt a41.txt a4.txt a58.txt a66.txt a74.txt aquota.group
a18.txt a26.txt a34.txt a42.txt a50.txt a59.txt a67.txt a75.txt aquota.user
[crushlinux@localhost data]$ touch b{1..5}.txt
dm-2: warning, user file quota exceeded.
[crushlinux@localhost data]$ ls
a10.txt a19.txt a27.txt a35.txt a43.txt a51.txt a5.txt a68.txt a76.txt b1.txt
a11.txt a1.txt a28.txt a36.txt a44.txt a52.txt a60.txt a69.txt a77.txt b2.txt
a12.txt a20.txt a29.txt a37.txt a45.txt a53.txt a61.txt a6.txt a78.txt b3.txt
a13.txt a21.txt a2.txt a38.txt a46.txt a54.txt a62.txt a70.txt a79.txt b4.txt
a14.txt a22.txt a30.txt a39.txt a47.txt a55.txt a63.txt a71.txt a7.txt b5.txt
a15.txt a23.txt a31.txt a3.txt a48.txt a56.txt a64.txt a72.txt a8.txt lost+found
a16.txt a24.txt a32.txt a40.txt a49.txt a57.txt a65.txt a73.txt a9.txt
a17.txt a25.txt a33.txt a41.txt a4.txt a58.txt a66.txt a74.txt aquota.group
a18.txt a26.txt a34.txt a42.txt a50.txt a59.txt a67.txt a75.txt aquota.user
[crushlinux@localhost data]$ touch c{1..20}.txt
dm-2: write failed, user file limit reached.
touch: 无法创建"c17.txt": 超出磁盘限额
touch: 无法创建"c18.txt": 超出磁盘限额
touch: 无法创建"c19.txt": 超出磁盘限额
touch: 无法创建"c20.txt": 超出磁盘限额
11．查看配额的使用情况：用户角度
[root@localhost ~]# quota -uvs crushlinux
Disk quotas for user crushlinux (uid 1001):
Filesystem space quota limit grace files quota limit grace
/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv
0K 81920K 100M 100* 80 100 6days
Disk quotas for user crushlinux (uid 1001):
Filesystem space quota limit grace files quota limit grace
/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv
0K 81920K 100M 100* 80 100 6days
12．查看配额的使用情况：文件系统角度
[root@localhost ~]# repquota -auvs
*** Report for user quotas on device /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv
Block grace time: 7days; Inode grace time: 7days
Space limits File limits
User used soft hard grace used soft hard grace
----------------------------------------------------------------------
root -- 20K 0K 0K 2 0 0
crushlinux -+ 0K 81920K 100M 100 80 100 6days
*** Report for user quotas on device /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv
Block grace time: 7days; Inode grace time: 7days
Space limits File limits
User used soft hard grace used soft hard grace
----------------------------------------------------------------------
root -- 20K 0K 0K 2 0 0
crushlinux -+ 0K 81920K 100M 100 80 100 6days
Statistics:
Total blocks: 7
Data blocks: 1
Entries: 2
Used average: 2.000000
Total blocks: 7
Data blocks: 1
Entries: 2
Used average: 2.000000