nginx connect() failed,Connection refused,while connecting to upstream fastcgi

connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream fastcgi://127.0.0.1:9000

netstat -ant | grep 9000

vim /etc/php/7.0/fpm/php-fpm.conf

or /etc/php/7.0/fpm/pool.d/www.conf

发现 listen = /run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock

修改nginx fastcgi_pass

1. location ~ .php$ {
2. fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;

connect() to unix:/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock failed (13: Permission denied)

The php user was www-data but the nginx user was nginx.

 /etc/php/7.0/fpm/pool.d/www.conf

You can change nginx to use www-data user,

or, as I did, add nginx user to the www-data group using sudo usermod -a -G www-data nginx