1、改变某个用户对文件的属主、属组 解释：-rw-r--r-- 所有者、所有组、其他用户对文件的权限 改变前 [root@test2 ~]# ll /etc/etcd/pki* total 8 -rw------- 1 root root 227 Jan 25 08:48 etcd-key.pem -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 806 Jan 25 08:48 etcd.pem [root@test2 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl restart etcd Job for etcd.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status etcd.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details. 启动etcd失败原因：etcd-key.pem、etcd.pem 的属主、属组是 root，etcd用户对etcd-key.pem、etcd.pem没有执行权限， 改变 chown -R etcd:etcd /etc/etcd/pki/* 改变后 [root@test2 ~]# ll /etc/etcd/pki* total 8 -rw------- 1 etcd etcd 227 Jan 25 08:48 etcd-key.pem -rw-r--r-- 1 etcd etcd 806 Jan 25 08:48 etcd.pem [root@test2 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl restart etcd [root@test2 ~]# 2、授权用户、组、其他人对 test.txt 文件的读、写 权限 chmod -R u=rx,g=rx,o=rx