(二)RabbitMQ使用笔记

1.RabbitMQ简介

RabbitMQ是流行的开源消息队列系统,用erlang语言开发。RabbitMQ是AMQP(高级消息队列协议)的标准实现。 
官网:http://www.rabbitmq.com/

2.Spring集成RabbitMQ

2.1pom.xml文件:

<!--rabbitmq依赖 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
			<version>1.7.1.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- 如果没有这段,上面也会将其拉进来 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-amqp</artifactId>
			<version>1.7.1.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- 这个必要的 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
			<artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
			<version>3.6.6</version>
		</dependency>

  

 2.2 spring-mq.properties

rmq.host = 192.168.XX.XX   //rabbitmq服务器ip地址
rmq.port = 5672                  //端口
rmq.producer.num = 20      //发消息生产者的最大数,没有这个需求可以不写
rmq.user = admin               //用户名
rmq.password = admin      //密码    

2.3 spring-mq.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
				     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
				     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
				     http://www.springframework.org/schema/spring-context.xsd 
				     http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
				     http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.6.xsd">

	<rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory"
		host="${rmq.host}" username="${rmq.user}" password="${rmq.password}"
		port="${rmq.port}" />
		
	<!--通过指定下面的admin信息,当前producer中的exchange和queue会在rabbitmq服务器上自动生成 -->
	<rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory" />


	<!--队列 -->
	<!-- 说明: durable:是否持久化 exclusive: 仅创建者可以使用的私有队列,断开后自动删除 auto_delete: 当所有消费客户端连接断开后,是否自动删除队列 -->
	<rabbit:queue name="my_first_queue" auto-declare="true" durable="true" />

	<!-- 任务下发交换机 -->
	<!-- 说明: rabbit:direct-exchange:定义exchange模式为direct,意思就是消息与一个特定的路由键完全匹配,才会转发。 
		rabbit:binding:设置消息queue匹配的key -->
	<rabbit:direct-exchange name="mq-exchange" durable="true" auto-delete="false">
		<rabbit:bindings>
	           <rabbit:binding key="my_first_queue" queue="my_first_queue" />
		</rabbit:bindings>
	</rabbit:direct-exchange>

	<!-- 消息转换器声明 消息对象json转换类 -->
	<bean id="jsonMessageConverter"
		class="org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.Jackson2JsonMessageConverter" />

	<!-- 消费者 -->
	<bean id="myCustomer" class="com.ln.mq.Customer">
		<!-- 消费者方法要有相应的set方法 -->
		<property name="converter" ref="jsonMessageConverter" />
	</bean>

	<!-- queue litener 观察 监听模式 当有消息到达时会通知监听在对应的队列上的监听对象 -->
	<rabbit:listener-container
		connection-factory="connectionFactory" acknowledge="manual">
		<rabbit:listener queues="my_first_queue" ref="myCustomer" />
	</rabbit:listener-container>

	<!-- spring template声明 -->
	<rabbit:template id="amqpTemplate" exchange="mq-exchange" connection-factory="connectionFactory" message-converter="jsonMessageConverter" />
</beans>

  

说明:

<rabbit:queue id="test_queue_key" name="test_queue_key" durable="true" auto-delete="false" exclusive="false" />

durable:是否持久化

exclusive: 仅创建者可以使用的私有队列,断开后自动删除

auto_delete: 当所有消费客户端连接断开后,是否自动删除队列

<rabbit:direct-exchange name="test-mq-exchange" durable="true" auto-delete="false" id="test-mq-exchange">
    <rabbit:bindings>
        <rabbit:binding queue="test_queue_key" key="test_queue_key"/>
    </rabbit:bindings>
</rabbit:direct-exchange>

rabbit:direct-exchange:定义exchange模式为direct,意思就是消息与一个特定的路由键完全匹配,才会转发

rabbit:binding:设置消息queue匹配的key

2.4 web.xml

<!-- 加载spring容器 -->
	<context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>
			 classpath*:applicationContext.xml 
			 classpath*:spring-mq.xml
		</param-value>
	</context-param>

 3.测试

3.1 生产者测试类

package com.ln.mq;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import com.ln.web.controller.TestBase;

/**
 * 生产者
 *
 */
public class Producer extends TestBase{
	
	private static final String MY_FITST_QUEUE="my_first_queue";
	
	@Resource
	private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;
	
	@Test
	public void sendMessage(){
		System.out.println("*******生产者********");
		String message="hello my first queue";
		amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(MY_FITST_QUEUE, message);
	}
	
}

3.2 消费者测试类

package com.ln.mq;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.ChannelAwareMessageListener;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.MessageConverter;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;

/**
 * 消费者
 *
 */
public class Customer implements ChannelAwareMessageListener{
	protected MessageConverter converter;

	public void setConverter(MessageConverter converter) {
		this.converter = converter;
	}
	@Override
	public void onMessage(Message message, Channel channel) throws Exception {
		Object fromMessage = converter.fromMessage(message);
		System.out.println("***********消费者********");
		System.out.println("***********接收到的Message:"+fromMessage.toString());
	}
}

3.3 运行

运行生产者Producer测试junit

*******生产者********
*******消费者********
*******接收到的Message:hello my first queue

3.4 rabbitmq视图

可以查看队列消息情况

地址:http://localhost:15672      

我的是本地的服务,如果要链接远程服务,localhost换成服务器ip。

 

  

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/e206842/p/6902748.html