Struts 基础开发---day01

 前言

我是一个小白,今天首次学习Struts的基本内容,是看视频和看书相结合的,主要是记录这个学习的过程以及学习的过程中遇到的问题。

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传统的MVC分为servlet(控制器),Javabean(模型层),jsp(显示层)三个部分,Struts可以说是MVC的一个具体的实现,增加了ActionForm、Action和Struts标签库层。接下来用myEclipse开发第一个Struts程序,大致流程为:在hello.jsp页面通过文本框输入要显示的内容,然后提交到struts,如果内容为空,点击显示按钮,出现错误提示;如果不为空,struts将信息显示在页面上。

file--->new--->webproject,这里将名称取为strutstest,然后点击此项目右键,--->myEclipse--->Add Struts Capabilities,这里是添加了struts支持 。

点击finish之后在项目下可以看到struts-config.xml   web.xml  JavaEE的jar包以及Struts的jar包等。

删除原来的index.jsp  在Web-Root下新建一个hello.jsp

接下来新建ActionForm及Action。注意每一个处理类Action都要绑定一个ActionFrom。

选中刚刚的com.du.struts包--->new --->other ,再搜索Struts,选择Struts1.3下的struts1.3 From,Action&JSP

点击next

点击finish之后,配置文件里面的form-beans和action-mappings有新的内容。其中path表示提交的路径,input表示错误信息的显示页面。在web.xml里面的url-pattern是*.do,那么在hello.jsp里面的action就是hello.do.大体框架已经搭好了,下面就是进行逻辑上的操作。我把各部分的代码放在下面供参考:

 1 <%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
 2 
 3 <!-- 这是Struts已经添加好的标签库,我们直接使用即可 -->
 4 <%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-bean" prefix="bean" %>
 5 <%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-html" prefix="html" %>
 6 <%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-logic" prefix="logic" %>
 7 <%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-tiles" prefix="tiles" %>
 8 
 9 
10 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
11 <html:html lang="true">
12   <head>
13    
14     <title>hello.jsp</title>
15 
16   </head>
17   
18   <body>
19       <html:errors/>
20       <logic:present name="msg" scope="request">
21       <h2>${msg}</h2>
22       </logic:present>
23    <html:form action="" method="post">
24        请输入信息:<html:text property="info"></html:text>
25        <html:submit value="显示"></html:submit>
26    </html:form>
27   </body>
28 </html:html>
 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_3.dtd">
 3 
 4 <struts-config>
 5   <form-beans >
 6     <form-bean name="helloForm" type="com.du.struts.form.HelloForm" />
 7 
 8   </form-beans>
 9 
10   <global-exceptions />
11   <global-forwards />
12   <action-mappings >
13     <action
14       attribute="helloForm"
15       input="/hello.jsp"
16       name="helloForm"
17       path="/hello"
18       scope="request"
19       type="com.du.struts.action.HelloAction"
20       cancellable="true" >
21       <forward name="show" path="/hello.jsp"></forward>
22       </action>
23    
24   </action-mappings>
25 
26   <message-resources parameter="com.du.struts.ApplicationResources" />
27 </struts-config>
config Code
 1 <%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
 2 
 3 <!-- 这是Struts已经添加好的标签库,我们直接使用即可 -->
 4 <%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-bean" prefix="bean" %>
 5 <%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-html" prefix="html" %>
 6 <%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-logic" prefix="logic" %>
 7 <%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-tiles" prefix="tiles" %>
 8 
 9 
10 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
11 <html:html lang="true">
12   <head>
13    
14     <title>hello.jsp</title>
15 
16   </head>
17   
18   <body>
19       <html:errors/>
20       <logic:present name="msg" scope="request">
21       <h2>${msg}</h2>
22       </logic:present>
23    <html:form action="" method="post">
24        请输入信息:<html:text property="info"></html:text>
25        <html:submit value="显示"></html:submit>
26    </html:form>
27   </body>
28 </html:html>
HelloJsp Code
 1 /*
 2  * Generated by MyEclipse Struts
 3  * Template path: templates/java/JavaClass.vtl
 4  */
 5 package com.du.struts.form;
 6 
 7 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 8 import org.apache.struts.action.ActionErrors;
 9 import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
10 import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
11 import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMessage;
12 
13 /** 
14  * MyEclipse Struts
15  * Creation date: 07-20-2017
16  * 
17  * XDoclet definition:
18  * @struts.form name="helloForm"
19  */
20 public class HelloForm extends ActionForm {
21     /*
22      * Generated fields
23      */
24 
25     /** info property */
26     private String info;
27 
28     /*
29      * Generated Methods
30      */
31 
32     /** 
33      * Method validate
34      * @param mapping
35      * @param request
36      * @return ActionErrors
37      */
38     //ActionFrom类用于验证,info属性与表单提交的参数名称一致,并设置了setter和getter操作
39     public ActionErrors validate(ActionMapping mapping,
40             HttpServletRequest request) {
41         ActionErrors errors=new ActionErrors();
42         if(this.info==null||"".equals(this.info)){//info的输入内容为空
43             //保存错误信息,一个ActionErrors可以包含多个ActionMessage,
44             //ActionMessage类的构造方法中需要传递一个指定错误信息的key,错误信息在ApplicationResource.properties中定义
45             //资源文件不支持中文,会将中文自动转换为Unicode编码
46             errors.add("info",new ActionMessage("error.info"));
47         }
48         return errors;
49     }
50 
51     /** 
52      * Method reset
53      * @param mapping
54      * @param request
55      */
56     public void reset(ActionMapping mapping, HttpServletRequest request) {
57         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
58     }
59 
60     /** 
61      * Returns the info.
62      * @return String
63      */
64     public String getInfo() {
65         return info;
66     }
67 
68     /** 
69      * Set the info.
70      * @param info The info to set
71      */
72     public void setInfo(String info) {
73         this.info = info;
74     }
75 }
HelloFrom Code
 1 /*
 2  * Generated by MyEclipse Struts
 3  * Template path: templates/java/JavaClass.vtl
 4  */
 5 package com.du.struts.action;
 6 
 7 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 8 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 9 import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
10 import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
11 import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
12 import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
13 import com.du.struts.form.HelloForm;
14 
15 /** 
16  * MyEclipse Struts
17  * Creation date: 07-20-2017
18  * 
19  * XDoclet definition:
20  * @struts.action path="/hello" name="helloForm" input="/hello.jsp" scope="request" validate="true"
21  */
22 public class HelloAction extends Action {
23     /*
24      * Generated Methods
25      */
26 
27     /** 
28      * Method execute
29      * @param mapping
30      * @param form
31      * @param request
32      * @param response
33      * @return ActionForward
34      */
35     public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
36             HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
37         HelloForm helloForm = (HelloForm) form;// HelloFrom对象
38         String info=helloForm.getInfo();//所有的输入内容从ActionFrom取出
39         request.setAttribute("msg", info);//设置request的属性范围,另外每一个Action都需要一个跳转路径,到配置文件去设置
40         return mapping.findForward("show");
41     }
42 }
HelloAction Code
1 error.info=u8F93u5165u4FE1u606Fu4E0Du80FDu4E3Au7A7AuFF01
Resource Code

不好意思,补充一下,那个hello.jsp里面的action是hello.do  写忘记了

写的过程中所犯的错误:

ActionFrom类里面的错误信息保存New Message 不是Messages啊

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在Action里面写一个输入长度不超过15的错误集合

 1 /*
 2  * Generated by MyEclipse Struts
 3  * Template path: templates/java/JavaClass.vtl
 4  */
 5 package com.yourcompany.struts.action;
 6 
 7 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 8 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 9 import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
10 import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
11 import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
12 import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
13 import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMessage;
14 import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMessages;
15 
16 import com.yourcompany.struts.form.LalaForm;
17 
18 /** 
19  * MyEclipse Struts
20  * Creation date: 07-20-2017
21  * 
22  * XDoclet definition:
23  * @struts.action path="/lala" name="lalaForm" input="/lala.jsp" scope="request" validate="true"
24  */
25 public class LalaAction extends Action {
26     /*
27      * Generated Methods
28      */
29 
30     /** 
31      * Method execute
32      * @param mapping
33      * @param form
34      * @param request
35      * @param response
36      * @return ActionForward
37      */
38     public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
39             HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
40         LalaForm lalaForm = (LalaForm) form;// TODO Auto-generated method stub
41         String info=lalaForm.getInfo();
42         if(info.length()>15){//输入内容过长
43             ActionMessages errors=new ActionMessages();//定义错误集合,ActionErrors已被弃用
44             errors.add("info", new ActionMessage("length.info"));//添加一个新的错误
45             //保存错误,没有用saveErrors()方法,所以jsp里面的错误信息要修改,用<html:message>标签
46             super.saveMessages(request,errors);
47             return mapping.getInputForward();//跳转到input指定页面
48         }else {
49             request.setAttribute("msg", info);//设置request属性范围
50 
51         }
52         return mapping.findForward("show");//进行页面跳转
53     }
54 }
Action Code
 1 <%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="GBK"%>
 2 
 3 <%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-bean" prefix="bean" %>
 4 <%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-html" prefix="html" %>
 5 <%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-logic" prefix="logic" %>
 6 <%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-tiles" prefix="tiles" %>
 7 
 8 
 9 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
10 <html:html lang="true">
11   <head>
12     
13     <title>lala.jsp</title>
14 
15   </head>
16    
17   <body>
18       <html:messages id="info" message="true">
19       <h2>${info}</h2>
20       </html:messages>
21       
22       <html:errors/>
23       <logic:present name="msg" scope="request">
24             <h2>${msg}</h2>
25       </logic:present>
26       
27     <html:form action="lala.do" method="post">
28     请输入信息:<html:text property="info"></html:text>
29     <html:submit value="显示"></html:submit>
30     </html:form>
31   </body>
32 </html:html>
JSP Code
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/dublogs/p/7211570.html