https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1og4y1q7M4?p=9
https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1og4y1q7M4?p=10
https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1og4y1q7M4?p=11
https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1og4y1q7M4?p=12
Docker镜像命令
docker images 查看本地镜像
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hello-world latest bf756fb1ae65 13 months ago 13.3kB
# 解释
REPOSITORY 镜像的仓库源
TAG 镜像的标签
IMAGE ID 镜像的id
CREATED 镜像的创建日期
SIZE 镜像的大小
Options:
-a, --all Show all images (default hides intermediate images)
-q, --quiet Only show image IDs
docker search 搜索镜像
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker search mysql
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation… 10520 [OK]
mariadb MariaDB is a community-developed fork of MyS… 3928 [OK]
mysql/mysql-server Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Create… 772 [OK]
percona Percona Server is a fork of the MySQL relati… 527 [OK]
centos/mysql-57-centos7 MySQL 5.7 SQL database server 86
mysql/mysql-cluster Experimental MySQL Cluster Docker images. Cr… 79
centurylink/mysql Image containing mysql. Optimized to be link… 59 [OK]
Options:
-f, --filter filter Filter output based on conditions provided
--format string Pretty-print search using a Go template
--limit int Max number of search results (default 25)
--no-trunc Don't truncate output
pg:
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker search mysql --filter=STARS=3000 获取stars数量大于3000的镜像
docker pull 拉取镜像
# 下载镜像 docker pull 镜像名[:tag]
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker pull mysql
Using default tag: latest # 不写tag的话，默认用lastst这个tag的镜像
latest: Pulling from library/mysql
45b42c59be33: Pull complete # 分层下载， docker image的核心--联合文件系统
b4f790bd91da: Pull complete
325ae51788e9: Pull complete
adcb9439d751: Pull complete
174c7fe16c78: Pull complete
698058ef136c: Pull complete
4690143a669e: Pull complete
f7599a246fd6: Pull complete
35a55bf0c196: Pull complete
790ac54f4c47: Pull complete
18602acc97e1: Pull complete
365caa3500d0: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:b1cc887ed32cc6c2f217b12703bd05f503f2037892c8bb226047fe5dff85a109
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:latest
docker.io/library/mysql:latest # 镜像的真实地址
# 以下两个命令等价
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker pull mysql
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker pull docker.io/library/mysql:latest
# 指定版本下载
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker pull mysql:5.7
docker rmi 删除镜像
# 删除指定镜像
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker rmi -f 5f47254ca581
Untagged: mysql:5.7
Untagged: mysql@sha256:853105ad984a9fe87dd109be6756e1fbdba8b003b303d88ac0dda6b455f36556
Deleted: sha256:5f47254ca5817f99cdd387ce7345d43e770e0682a4c81b62776f3347551b1d85
Deleted: sha256:63f5d2725ff0ecffe0a7345e749d39b269a8cef04984661f0f4e752869b9fbb1
Deleted: sha256:acbe85abff4e7bbdd75a1f56ee9a095a72fcba4c226d0194d46b9a8471b1fe18
Deleted: sha256:b851a484b18c5d3d25497260c111631ae3adf924eb10baa533b2a5b03b339d1a
Deleted: sha256:b5133b076285236e7fd98c42c1f18f57e2b4ed98daaed7b0afb3b98b804d6f25
# 删除多个镜像
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker rmi -f 5f47254ca581 5f47254ca581 5f47254ca581
# 批量删除镜像
docker rmi -f $(docker images -aq)
Docker容器命令
docker run 运行镜像
# docker run [可选参数] 镜像名
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker run -p 8080 -it centos /bin/bash
# 225fdbca546d 运行之后进入容器，225fdbca546d是容器id
[root@225fdbca546d /]# ls
bin dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var
# Options：
# -it 交互的方式运行，进入容器查看内容 -it 镜像名 控制台路径（一般都是/bin/bash）
# -p 指定容器端口 -p 8080:8080
# -p ip:主机端口:容器端口
# -p 主机端口:容器端口
# -p 容器端口
# 容器端口
# -P 随机端口
# -d 后台方式运行容器
docker ps 查看容器
# docker ps [options] 查看运行中的容器
# docker ps 查看当前运行中的容器
# docker ps -a 查看当前运行中的容器，并带出历史运行过的容器
# docker ps -a -n=2 指定最近创建的容器
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
225fdbca546d centos "/bin/bash" 30 minutes ago Exited (0) 29 minutes ago hardcore_gauss
9645c809bae6 centos "-p 8080 -it /bin/ba…" 32 minutes ago Created happy_sammet
9b512f234170 centos "/bin/bash" 32 minutes ago Exited (0) 32 minutes ago peaceful_burnell
f58dc9b7431c hello-world "/hello" 2 hours ago Exited (0) 2 hours ago youthful_rhodes
519fff117e3b hello-world "/hello" 8 hours ago Exited (0) 8 hours ago admiring_ptolemy
9202336dd4e9 hello-world "/hello" 11 days ago Exited (0) 11 days ago condescending_rosalind
退出容器
# 从容器中退出， 并停止容器
[root@225fdbca546d /]# exit
exit
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
# 从容器中退出，但不停止容器
# Ctrl + P + Q
**docker rm **删除容器
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
08fd1d4a7c94 centos "/bin/bash" 4 minutes ago Up 4 minutes goofy_knuth
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker rm 08fd1d4a7c94
Error response from daemon: You cannot remove a running container 08fd1d4a7c94713381496434abcf85f5cb7c857f087a2cfa9d36145cc6242601. Stop the container before attempting removal or force remove
# docker rm 容器id
# docker rm 删除已经停止的容器，不能删除运行中的容器
# docker rm -f 强制删除，可以删除运行中的容器
# docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq) 批量删除所有容器
# docker ps -a -q|xargs docker rm 利用linux的管道，批量删除容器
启动和停止容器
docker start 容器id # 启动容器
docker restart 容器id # 重启容器
docker stop 容器id # 停止容器
docker kill 容器id # 强制停止容器
Docker其他常用命令
后台启动容器
# docker run -d 镜像名
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker run -d centos
0785901fbfb6b6614f588351dc8e59ef0af1b9682cb603334a1e80253485eabd
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
# 如果当前镜像没有前台进程的话，后台启动后会直接退出容器！！！
# 也就是说docker容器在启动之后，发现自己没有对外提供服务，就会自行退出
查看日志
# docker logs -f -t --tail number 容器id
Options:
--details Show extra details provided to logs
-f, --follow Follow log output
--since string Show logs since timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37Z) or relative (e.g. 42m for 42 minutes)
-n, --tail string Number of lines to show from the end of the logs (default "all")
-t, --timestamps Show timestamps
--until string Show logs before a timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37Z) or relative (e.g. 42m for 42 minutes)
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker logs -f -t --tail 10 08fd1d4a7c94
# 手动写脚本的例子
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker run -d centos /bin/sh -c "while true; do echo hehe123; sleep 1; done"
81b5bf182a70472bd410cbc74bf7cf22c0a8ca8cc6c8fb443453050eef42b52a
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker logs -f -t --tail 10 81b5bf182a70
2021-02-19T09:00:11.105509115Z hehe123
2021-02-19T09:00:12.108255849Z hehe123
2021-02-19T09:00:13.110952592Z hehe123
2021-02-19T09:00:14.112933416Z hehe123
2021-02-19T09:00:15.114934234Z hehe123
2021-02-19T09:00:16.116945635Z hehe123
2021-02-19T09:00:17.119360103Z hehe123
2021-02-19T09:00:18.121383795Z hehe123
2021-02-19T09:00:19.123910535Z hehe123
2021-02-19T09:00:20.126393026Z hehe123
2021-02-19T09:00:21.128361525Z hehe123
# docker run -c 执行命令
查看容器中的进程
# docker top 容器id
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker top 08fd1d4a7c94
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root 24395 24373 0 15:04 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/bash
查看容器中的元数据
# docker inspect 容器id
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker inspect 08fd1d4a7c94
[
{
"Id": "08fd1d4a7c94713381496434abcf85f5cb7c857f087a2cfa9d36145cc6242601",
"Created": "2021-02-19T07:04:35.390237538Z",
"Path": "/bin/bash",
"Args": [],
"State": {
"Status": "running",
"Running": true,
"Paused": false,
"Restarting": false,
"OOMKilled": false,
"Dead": false,
"Pid": 24395,
"ExitCode": 0,
"Error": "",
"StartedAt": "2021-02-19T07:04:35.735722739Z",
"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
},
"Image": "sha256:300e315adb2f96afe5f0b2780b87f28ae95231fe3bdd1e16b9ba606307728f55",
"ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/08fd1d4a7c94713381496434abcf85f5cb7c857f087a2cfa9d36145cc6242601/resolv.conf",
"HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/08fd1d4a7c94713381496434abcf85f5cb7c857f087a2cfa9d36145cc6242601/hostname",
"HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/08fd1d4a7c94713381496434abcf85f5cb7c857f087a2cfa9d36145cc6242601/hosts",
"LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/08fd1d4a7c94713381496434abcf85f5cb7c857f087a2cfa9d36145cc6242601/08fd1d4a7c94713381496434abcf85f5cb7c857f087a2cfa9d36145cc6242601-json.log",
"Name": "/goofy_knuth",
"RestartCount": 0,
"Driver": "overlay2",
"Platform": "linux",
"MountLabel": "",
"ProcessLabel": "",
"AppArmorProfile": "",
"ExecIDs": null,
"HostConfig": {
"Binds": null,
"ContainerIDFile": "",
"LogConfig": {
"Type": "json-file",
"Config": {}
},
"NetworkMode": "default",
"PortBindings": {},
"RestartPolicy": {
"Name": "no",
"MaximumRetryCount": 0
},
"AutoRemove": false,
"VolumeDriver": "",
"VolumesFrom": null,
"CapAdd": null,
"CapDrop": null,
"CgroupnsMode": "host",
"Dns": [],
"DnsOptions": [],
"DnsSearch": [],
"ExtraHosts": null,
"GroupAdd": null,
"IpcMode": "private",
"Cgroup": "",
"Links": null,
"OomScoreAdj": 0,
"PidMode": "",
"Privileged": false,
"PublishAllPorts": false,
"ReadonlyRootfs": false,
"SecurityOpt": null,
"UTSMode": "",
"UsernsMode": "",
"ShmSize": 67108864,
"Runtime": "runc",
"ConsoleSize": [
0,
0
],
"Isolation": "",
"CpuShares": 0,
"Memory": 0,
"NanoCpus": 0,
"CgroupParent": "",
"BlkioWeight": 0,
"BlkioWeightDevice": [],
"BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
"CpuPeriod": 0,
"CpuQuota": 0,
"CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
"CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
"CpusetCpus": "",
"CpusetMems": "",
"Devices": [],
"DeviceCgroupRules": null,
"DeviceRequests": null,
"KernelMemory": 0,
"KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
"MemoryReservation": 0,
"MemorySwap": 0,
"MemorySwappiness": null,
"OomKillDisable": false,
"PidsLimit": null,
"Ulimits": null,
"CpuCount": 0,
"CpuPercent": 0,
"IOMaximumIOps": 0,
"IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
"MaskedPaths": [
"/proc/asound",
"/proc/acpi",
"/proc/kcore",
"/proc/keys",
"/proc/latency_stats",
"/proc/timer_list",
"/proc/timer_stats",
"/proc/sched_debug",
"/proc/scsi",
"/sys/firmware"
],
"ReadonlyPaths": [
"/proc/bus",
"/proc/fs",
"/proc/irq",
"/proc/sys",
"/proc/sysrq-trigger"
]
},
"GraphDriver": {
"Data": {
"LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/a19d2dd9fe1492d03c0d06e7c3d84ab3dd6a5c6cc40b33023911d234a6a8de17-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d1a8845ceefc70a0a68a13b8e4a888a330edcb1d908ff82b396b42e74733e276/diff",
"MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/a19d2dd9fe1492d03c0d06e7c3d84ab3dd6a5c6cc40b33023911d234a6a8de17/merged",
"UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/a19d2dd9fe1492d03c0d06e7c3d84ab3dd6a5c6cc40b33023911d234a6a8de17/diff",
"WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/a19d2dd9fe1492d03c0d06e7c3d84ab3dd6a5c6cc40b33023911d234a6a8de17/work"
},
"Name": "overlay2"
},
"Mounts": [],
"Config": {
"Hostname": "08fd1d4a7c94",
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": true,
"AttachStdout": true,
"AttachStderr": true,
"Tty": true,
"OpenStdin": true,
"StdinOnce": true,
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
],
"Cmd": [
"/bin/bash"
],
"Image": "centos",
"Volumes": null,
"WorkingDir": "",
"Entrypoint": null,
"OnBuild": null,
"Labels": {
"org.label-schema.build-date": "20201204",
"org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
"org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image",
"org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
"org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS"
}
},
"NetworkSettings": {
"Bridge": "",
"SandboxID": "6a270bff31bba0c356361bcf7d72ffa99a8ce407e2ea71c7032767eb26c5d297",
"HairpinMode": false,
"LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
"LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"Ports": {},
"SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/6a270bff31bb",
"SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
"SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
"EndpointID": "3acc89d41a2ac09222b2b0eee149cebebe1a602eab7b1fe0bbb2cb742cbbe94d",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
"Networks": {
"bridge": {
"IPAMConfig": null,
"Links": null,
"Aliases": null,
"NetworkID": "29f6cbc0df13305a11fbbeb68194a2c788fe850362363cc901c2c0aa3253f283",
"EndpointID": "3acc89d41a2ac09222b2b0eee149cebebe1a602eab7b1fe0bbb2cb742cbbe94d",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
"DriverOpts": null
}
}
}
}
]
进入已经运行着的容器
# docker exec -it 容器id bashShell
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker exec -it 08fd1d4a7c94 /bin/bash
[root@08fd1d4a7c94 /]#
# docker attach 容器id
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker attach 08fd1d4a7c94
[root@08fd1d4a7c94 /]#
docker exec # 进入容器，打开新的终端（常用）
docker attach # 进入容器，打开正在运行的终端
手动从容器内拷贝文件到主机
# docker cp 容器id:容器内文件路径 主机路径
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker cp 08fd1d4a7c94:/home/text.java /home/
# 拷贝时，容器不必运行中！！！