docker安装MySQL数据库

本文说明，刚上来使用MySQL高版本的，结果MySQL容器正常运行后，外部客户端连接不上，最后降低版本就OK

拉取MySQL数据库镜像

# docker pull daocloud.io/library/mysql:5.7.22

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull daocloud.io/library/mysql:5.7.22
Trying to pull repository daocloud.io/library/mysql ...
5.7.22: Pulling from daocloud.io/library/mysql
be8881be8156: Pull complete
c3995dabd1d7: Pull complete
9931fdda3586: Pull complete
bb1b6b6eff6a: Pull complete
a65f125fa718: Pull complete
2d9f8dd09be2: Pull complete
37b912cb2afe: Pull complete
79592d21cb7f: Pull complete
00bfe968d82d: Pull complete
79cf546d4770: Pull complete
2b3c2e6bacee: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:e744510d4d03fddd1162651312afd1e591cf33b051c6f29ed64b9a3e64b97aa7
Status: Downloaded newer image for daocloud.io/library/mysql:5.7.22

查看拉取的镜像文件

# docker images

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                  TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
daocloud.io/library/mysql   5.7.22              6bb891430fb6        9 months ago        372 MB

镜像重命名

# docker tag daocloud.io/library/mysql:5.7.22 mysql:5.7.22

删除原有镜像名

# docker rmi daocloud.io/library/mysql:5.7.22

[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi daocloud.io/library/mysql:5.7.22
Untagged: daocloud.io/library/mysql:5.7.22
Untagged: daocloud.io/library/mysql@sha256:e744510d4d03fddd1162651312afd1e591cf33b051c6f29ed64b9a3e64b97aa7

查看确认

# docker images

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
mysql               5.7.22              6bb891430fb6        9 months ago        372 MB

创建MySQL容器，并后台启动

# docker run --name djlmysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -p 3307:3306 -d mysql:5.7.22

[root@localhost ~]# docker run --name djlmysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -p 3307:3306 -d mysql:5.7.22
fa0c44b306c1b5038d39cbe5add1dc05a9f034d21dc1e62bb52487bc8b7ff04f
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
fa0c44b306c1        mysql:5.7.22        "docker-entrypoint..."   22 seconds ago      Up 21 seconds       0.0.0.0:3307->3306/tcp   djlmysql

-e环境变量说明：

MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD

本变量必填，它指定了 MySQL root 的用户的密码

MYSQL_DATABASE

本变量可选，通过该变量当 MySQL 启动时会创建一个由你指定的数据库。如果你另外又提供了一对用户名和密码（见下方），那么他将会被授予本数据库的所有权限。

MYSQL_USER, MYSQL_PASSWORD

这两个变量可选，同时使用的话会创建一个新用户并设置相应的密码，该用户会被授予由 MYSQL_DATABASE 变量指定的数据库的所有权限（见上方）。只有当同时提供了这两个变量时该用户才会被创建。

特别注意没有必要使用这个机制来创建 root 用户，root 用户的密码会被设置为 MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD 变量的值。

MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD

本变量可选，当其被设置为 yes 时将会允许当前容器中的 root 用户能够使用空密码。注意：绝对不建议将该变量设置为 yes，除非你知道自己在做什么。如果这么做的话你的 MySQL 服务将会失去保护，所有人都可以以超级用户的身份访问该 MySQL 服务。

MySQL配置文件的挂载目录

当 MySQL 服务启动时会以 /etc/mysql/my.cnf 为配置文件，本文件会导入 /etc/mysql/conf.d 目录中所有以 .cnf 为后缀的文件。这些文件会拓展或覆盖 /etc/mysql/my.cnf 文件中的配置。因此你可以创建你自己需要的配置文件并挂载至 MySQL 容器中的 /etc/mysql/conf.d 目录。

# cat my.cnf

root@70d513b30042:/etc/mysql# ls -l
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  62 Jul 27  2018 conf.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  24 Jul 27  2018 my.cnf -> /etc/alternatives/my.cnf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 839 Jul  9  2016 my.cnf.fallback
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 796 Mar  4  2018 mysql.cnf
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  24 Jul 27  2018 mysql.conf.d
root@70d513b30042:/etc/mysql# cat my.cnf
# Copyright (c) 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA

!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
!includedir /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/

拷贝源生MySQL配置文件到宿主机

# docker cp djlmysql:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d /home/mysqldata/

# docker cp djlmysql:/etc/mysql/conf.d /home/mysqldata/

[root@docker-servers ~]# docker cp djlmysql:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d /home/mysqldata/
[root@docker-servers ~]#
[root@docker-servers ~]# ls /home/mysqldata/
mysql.conf.d
[root@docker-servers ~]#
[root@docker-servers ~]#
[root@docker-servers ~]# docker cp djlmysql:/etc/mysql/conf.d /home/mysqldata/
[root@docker-servers ~]#
[root@docker-servers ~]#
[root@docker-servers ~]# ls /home/mysqldata/
conf.d  mysql.conf.d

MySQL储存数据的位置（可用于挂载到本地）：/var/lib/mysql

# docker cp djlmysql:/var/lib/mysql /home/mysqldata/

[root@docker-servers ~]# docker cp djlmysql:/var/lib/mysql /home/mysqldata/
[root@docker-servers ~]#
[root@docker-servers ~]# ls /home/mysqldata/
conf.d  mysql  mysql.conf.d
[root@docker-servers ~]#
[root@docker-servers ~]# cd /home/mysqldata/mysql
[root@docker-servers mysql]#
[root@docker-servers mysql]# ls
auto.cnf    ca.pem           client-key.pem  ibdata1      ib_logfile1  mysql               private_key.pem  server-cert.pem  sys
ca-key.pem  client-cert.pem  ib_buffer_pool  ib_logfile0  ibtmp1       performance_schema  public_key.pem   server-key.pem

创建MySQL容器，挂载数据和配置文件到本地

-e TZ="Asia/Shanghai"

# docker run --name mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -p 3306:3306 -v /home/mysqldata/mysql.conf.d:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d -v /home/mysqldata/conf.d:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v /home/mysqldata/mysql:/var/lib/mysql -d mysql:5.7.22

[root@docker-servers ~]# docker run --name mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -p 3306:3306 -v /home/mysqldata/mysql.conf.d:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d -v /home/mysqldata/conf.d:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v /home/mysqldata/mysql:/var/lib/mysql -d mysql:5.7.22
9996e8b903389408070e2083abdd4811c195c5652df376ca91e91d0e5e727d87

客户端外部连接

参考博客

https://blog.csdn.net/woniu211111/article/details/80968154

https://www.cnblogs.com/pwc1996/p/5425234.html

https://hub.daocloud.io/repos/fa51c1d6-9dc2-49d9-91ac-4bbfc24a1bda