paramiko 模块

paramiko 模块

paramiko是一个基于SSH用于连接远程服务器并执行相关操作（SSHClient和SFTPClinet,即一
个是远程连接，一个是上传下载服务），使用该模块可以对远程服务器进行命令或文件操作，
值得一说的是，fabric和ansible内部的远程管理就是使用的paramiko来现实

下载安装

pip install paramiko

远程链接

远程链接分为两种：一种是基于用户名密码
				  一种是基于公钥和私钥

基于用户名密码

import paramiko

# 创建SSH对象
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
# 连接服务器
ssh.connect(hostname='ip地址', port=22, username='root', password='@999')
# 执行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('ls')
# 获取命令结果
result = stdout.read()
print(result)
# 关闭连接
ssh.close()


# SSHClient()封装transport
import paramiko

transport = paramiko.Transport(('ip地址', 22))

transport.connect(username='root', password='密码')

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh._transport = transport

stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('ssh命令')
print(stdout.read())

transport.close()

基于公钥和私钥

import paramiko

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('id_rsa路径')
# 创建SSH对象
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
# 连接服务器
ssh.connect(hostname='hostname', port=22, username='username', key=private_key)
# 执行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')
# 获取命令结果
result = stdout.read()
# 关闭连接
ssh.close()

# SSHClient()封装transport
import paramiko

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('id_rsa路劲')
transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname', 22))
transport.connect(username='root', pkey=private_key)
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh._transport = transport
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('ssh命令')
transport.close()

远程操作服务器

远程操作分为两种：一种是SSHClient()，对服务器进行命令操作

				  一种是SFTPClient.from_transport(), 上传下载服务

SFTPClient.from_transport()

# 基于公钥私钥
import paramiko

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('id_rsa路劲')
 
transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname', 22))
transport.connect(username='用户名', pkey=private_key )
 
sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py
sftp.put('/tmp/location.py', '/tmp/test.py')

# 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path
sftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path')	 
transport.close()

# 基于用户名密码

import paramiko

transport = paramiko.Transport(('ip地址', 22))
transport.connect(username='root', password='密码')

sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)

# 将up.py 上传至服务器
# sftp.put('up.py', 'up.py')

#将服务器的文件 下载到本地 
sftp.get('up9.py', 'up_9.py')

transport.close()

paramiko之SSH进阶版

'''
实现一次链接服务器，操作多次命令，手动关闭transport
'''

import paramiko


class SSHProxy(object):

	def __init__(self, hostname, port, username, private_key_path):
		self.hostname = hostname
		self.port = port
		self.username = username
		self.private_key_path = private_key_path

		self.transport = None

	def open(self):
		private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(self.private_key_path)
		self.transport = paramiko.Transport(self.hostname, self.port)
		self.transport.connect(username=self.username, pkey=private_key)

	def close(self):
		self.transport.close()

	def command(self, cmd):
		ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
		ssh._transport = self.transport
		stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(cmd)
		result = stdout.read()
		ssh.close()
		return result

	def upload(self, local_path, remote_path):
		sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(self.transport)
		sftp.put(local_path, remote_path)
		sftp.close()

	def __enter__(self):
		self.open()
		return self

	def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
		self.close()


if __name__ == '__main__':
	with SSHProxy('192.168.16.129', 22, 'root', 'id_rsa') as proxy:
		# proxy.upload('your.tar', '/data/your.tar')
		v = proxy.command('ifconfig')
		print(v)

SSHProxy组件，(StringIO)私钥读写在内存

import paramiko
from io import StringIO

class SSHProxy(object):

	def __init__(self, hostname, port, username, private_key_string):
		self.hostname = hostname
		self.port = port
		self.username = username

		self.private_key = paramiko.RSAKey(file_obj=StringIO(private_key_string))

		self.transport = None

	def open(self):
		self.transport = paramiko.Transport((self.hostname, self.port))
		self.transport.connect(username=self.username, pkey=self.private_key)

	def close(self):
		self.transport.close()

	def command(self, cmd):
		ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
		ssh._transport = self.transport
		stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(cmd)
		result = stdout.read()
		# ssh.close()
		return result

	def upload(self, local_path, remote_path):
		sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(self.transport)
		sftp.put(local_path, remote_path)
		sftp.close()

	def __enter__(self):
		self.open()
		return self

	def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
		self.close()


if __name__ == '__main__':
	with SSHProxy('1.2.3.4', 22, 'root', 'hello') as proxy:
		proxy.upload('xx','xx')
		proxy.command('ifconfig')
		proxy.command('ifconfig')
		proxy.upload('xx', 'xx')
	with SSHProxy('5.6.7.8', 22, 'root', 'world') as proxy:
		proxy.upload('xx','xx')
		proxy.command('ifconfig')
		proxy.command('ifconfig')
		proxy.upload('xx', 'xx')